英语一考研作文类型总结【一】
写信七要素：类似于一个写作提纲，每段写什么内容等都说的很清楚。具体如下：
人称：Dear sir or madam/Mr.X/Ms....
第一段
自我介绍：My name is...，who...交待与收信人的关系
写信目的：一句话直接明了的表达
第二段
内容：三句话最多五句话写完
第三段
感谢：第三段第一句
回信：一句或两句
落款：右下角sincerely yours，
Li Ming
以上写信七要素包括：人称、自我介绍、写信目的、内容、感谢、回信和落款。其实，除了书信格式等必不可少的东西之外，剩下的基本就是写作段落布局。仔细看看，其实也没多少句话。按照这个布局，围绕以下几个重点展开最后的冲刺，拿下小作文并不难。
对于书信格式，同学们要格外注意。阅卷老师首先瞄一眼看格式对不对，然后再看其他。如果还没掌握格式，那就抓紧时间熟悉。还有一点，去年给出的写信人也就是落款是Li Ming，而不是Zhang Wei。但是，去年就有同学根本没仔细看写作要求，落款还是写的Zhang Wei。这种低级错误今年就不要再犯了。另外，要多熟记背诵相应的素材。
高中三年的学习内容可分为前两年在学习新知识，高三一年后期在全面复习旧知识，那么该如何利用有限的时间尽快复习旧知识呢?利用错题集无疑是做好的方法。今天为大家讲讲该如何利用错题集。
(一不会的题
这类题，主要表现在智力因素培养方面，一般出自知识结构性错误，重做几遍错题是十分必要的，至于具体是几遍这要视你自己对错题的把握的'熟练程度而定。
知识结构性错误是我们在初步学习时，没有建立起自身知识结构体系，或者在建立自身知识结构体系时存在了一些漏洞与错误认识。
对策：处于不同学习层次的同学要根据自己的实际情况，加强训练和记忆，培养自己的宏观思维方式，因人而异地确定自己的学习目标、步骤和解决问题的方案，并且有效地进行目标时间管理和知识结构体系的建立。
(二眼熟而不会做的题
对于模棱两可似是而非的错题，通过分析，可以发现是把公式给弄混淆了?还是把公式给用错了?是理解错了?还是记忆错了?通过训练可以有效地增进智力因素。这类问题往往是一点就通，容易被人忽视。比如巧妙设置在题中的隐含条件、限制条件和关键词语等等这类问题，往往一点就破，一般会认为自己是弄懂了的，只是没有发现而已，实际上是概念模糊。有的则是自身知识结构体系脉络不清，以致给出错误答案。
对策：对题目的常规解法和特殊解法缺乏自己的归纳总结。
(三会做而错的题
这类问题最容易被人忽视，常常会自以为是地认为是粗心所致，只需下次注意就行了，自己是不会再犯这个错误的，然而，往往却事与愿违，又重复犯相同的错误了。
比如考生还没看清条件就急忙解题，可能是观察得不够仔细，判断得不够准确，也可能是考试策略不当，或是心理心态不稳，还可能是缘于外界的干扰刺激，更有可能是平时练习不到位，仅仅是为了完成作业而作业，或做题缺乏针对性，成天盲目做题，忽略了做完题后的回顾和反思，以及平时就缺乏慢审题快解题的训练。
对策：做完题后进行回顾和总结的习惯，这对增强自己的审题和解题能力很有帮助。
(四考试策略失当的题
这主要表现在非智力因素培养方面，首先要认识清楚自己是思路不清还是思路受到了干扰。比如遇到复杂一些的考题，便心生恐惧，头脑发懵以至造成失误，或缺乏答题的时间观念。面对比较有把握的考题也自我怀疑，答题时犹豫不决，这也会在一定程度上强化不良的考试情绪，干扰解题的思路。
对策：这与心理紧张、心态失衡有关。在答题时要从容不迫沉着冷静，这需要平时加强非智力因素方面的训练和培养。
(五粗心大意的题
这主要表现在非智力因素培养方面，由于马虎出错导致丢分是一个普遍存在的现象，于是大家往往就变得心安理得，还会原谅自己：“这些题我都会做，就是粗心否则就是满分了，我今后要注意改。”说说能改吗?还要找找粗心的原因。
对策：找准失误的原因，对症下药，才能养成良好的学习习惯，同样，改进自己的学习行为可以有效地调整自己的学习状态。通过对错题本中的错误类型进行分析，抓住主要问题，确立自己的近期的学习目标，将错误逐一消灭掉，就能有效地提高成绩，更重要的是，还可以有效地提升自己的学习境界，培养自己的综合素质及能力。
英语一考研作文类型总结【二】
Directions:
Restrictions on the use of plastic bags have not been so successful in some regions. “White Pollution” is still going on. Write a letter to the editor(s of your local newspaper to
1 give your opinions briefly, and
2 make two or three suggestions.
Dear Editor,
I have been reading your newspaper for many years with a great enthusiasm and interest. It is my honor to write you this letter to give my views on the issue of “White Pollution”. It is my view that the limitation of the use of disposable plastic bags is of utmost significance.
I would like to make the following suggestions to put an effective stop to the wide spread of “White Pollution”. Firstly, we should ban the free use of the plastic bags. Secondly, the price of plastic bags should be further raised. Thirdly, media like your newspaper should do more to encourage the public to use paper or clothing bags to replace the plastic bags.
I hope my suggestions would be of help and thank you for your attention.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
英语一考研作文类型总结【三】
Dear ，
Much to my regret / I amterribly sorry that I am unable to . It is mainly because at that timeI will be full occupied by which is quite out of my expectation, and thatconflicts with your .Therefore I am forced to adjust my schedule and cannot make my presence on your . I sincerely hope thatyou will enjoy a good time. By the way, can we have dinner together some timenext week? I hope to see you soon.
I am really sorry againand I trust that you will understand.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
英语一考研作文类型总结【四】
Directions:
Some international students are coming to your university. Write them an email in the name of the Students’ union to
1 extend your welcome and
2 provide some suggestions for their campus life here.
Dear Friends,
On behalf of the Students’ Union of Beijing Foreign Studies University, I would like to extend our heartfelt welcome to all of the overseas students from all over the world to study in our university.
It is my great pleasure to propose several practical suggestions to you. In the first place, life in this prestigious university perhaps is not as satisfactory as what you expected. You may be tightly bound by continual classes, excessive homework and exams. In the second place, in spite of all these adversities, you will still enjoy your life in this esteemed institution. All types of extracurricular activities such as sports meets, speech contests, different social gatherings and dancing parties provide ample opportunities to make friends.
All in all, although there are a host of pressure, life in our campus is a worthwhile period in your whole lifetime. Wish you enjoy your life here!
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
英语一考研作文类型总结【五】
Paul Robert在《英语句子结构》(English Sentence Structure一书中指出:“据多数情况来看,歧义的产生并非故意的。它是由运用句子结构时的疏忽造成的,以致没有能够将可以使意义清晰的标记包罗到句子中去。(周立人,1997∶6”于是忽视使用表明句子结构的句法代号就引起了语法歧义。伍谦光(1995∶199认为:“‘语法歧义’是指由于对句子中的句法结构有不同理解而产生的歧义。”语法歧义最常见,也最复杂。下面是一些具有代表性的类例:
1.1词性
一个句子往往由于无法确定某个词的词性而变得无法理解。
(1College demands change.
很明显,例句中的demands既可理解为动词,也可理解为名词。change同样如此。于是此句就产生了两个不同的意思:(1大学要求改革。demands是动词,change是名词。(2大学的要求改变了。demands是名词,change是动词。
1.2名词(修饰语+名词
1.2.1复合名词或名词短语
(2an English teacher
此例在书面语中易引起歧义:(1一位教英语的老师。English teacher是一个复合名词。(2一位来自英国的老师。English作为修饰语加在名词前构成名词短语。
1.2.2-ing+名词
(3Flying planes can be dangerous.
此句也产生了两种意思:(1驾驶飞机会是危险的。Flying是动名词。(2正在驾驶的飞机会有危险。Fling是现在分词,作形容词用。
1.3带有’s的名词所有格
(4This is his teacher’s book.
句子中teacher’s book可以是一个整体,即“教师用书”。但his teacher也可以是一个整体,即“他的老师”。所以此句产生了两个意思:(1这是他的教师用书。(2这是他老师的书。
1.4不定式动词短语
(5The tiger is too small to kill.
此例也有两种含义:(1这只老虎太小以致于不能伤人。此意对tiger来说,是主动的动作。(2这只老虎太小了,还不能被***。此意对tiger来说,是被动的动作。
1.5“及物动词+宾语”结构
(6I found Jim an experienced teacher.
及物动词found后面接了两个名词Jim和an experienced teacher。这句话有两个意思:(1我发现吉姆原来是一位有的老师。(2我为吉姆找到了一位有经验的老师。
1.6并列连词and
(7Tom and Lucy are married.
此句可理解为:(1汤姆和露西两个成了亲。其中and连接两个名词,构成一个简单句。(2汤姆和露西两个都已结婚。该句可看作一个并列句。
1.7悬挂式否定词not
(8His object is not to eat.
此句产生的两种意思为:(1他的目的不是吃。作此意讲时,is和not的关系紧密,可写作isn’t。(2他的目的是绝食。作此意讲时,not与to eat的关系紧密,形成“绝食”的含义。因此not是悬挂式的(即可以自由摆动。
1.8悬挂式代词
(9The man informed his brother that he should lose weight.
人称代词he位于两个名词the man和his brother之后,句意变得模糊:(1这个男的告诉他的哥哥他自己应该减肥。人称代词he代指the man。(2这个男的告诉他的哥哥他应该减肥。这时人称代词he代指his brother。
1.9悬挂式状语修饰成分
(10The people who saw the play frequently praised it.
这里的frequently很难说是修饰saw the play还是praised的,因为状语修饰成分是“悬挂的”,所以产生了两个意思:(1经常看戏的人们称赞了它。(2看了这出戏的人们频繁地称赞它。
1.10悬挂式定语修饰成分
(11Lily likes the vase on the table which she bought yesterday.
此句中的which she bought yesterday是定语从句,这个定语从句可认为是修饰vase,也可以认为是修饰table。也引起了歧义:(1莉莉喜欢放在桌子上的那个昨天买的花瓶。(2莉莉喜欢放在昨天买的桌子上的那个花瓶。
英语一考研作文类型总结【六】
伍谦光(1995∶200指出:“‘语音歧义’往往是由于句中词语的‘连续’而产生的歧义。”语音歧义多出现于口语中,主要是由上图表中的同音异义词以及部分同形同音异义中的C类(即一些意义不同,但某些语法形式相同的词(Homoforms造成的。下面是一实例:
(22“面包是怎么做的?”
“这我知道!”阿丽丝热心地叫道。
“准备一些面粉(flour——”
“到哪儿去采花(flower?”白女王问道,“花园里还是树篱上?”
“咦,面粉不是采(picked来的,”阿丽丝解释道,
“它是磨(ground出来的——”
“那要多少英亩土地(ground呢?”白女王又问道。
——刘易士·卡罗尔《阿丽丝漫游奇境记》
上面这一段文字因为运用了语音歧义,造成了很好的幽默效果。首先flour与flower是同音异义词,因此白女王把面粉flour理解成了花粉flower。其次阿丽丝用的ground是动词grind(磨碎、碾碎的过去分词,而白女王把ground理解成了“土地”。这一组就是笔者认为的由意义不同、但某些语法形式相同的词(Homoforms造成的语音歧义。
英语一考研作文类型总结【七】
Study the two pictures above carefully and write an essay entitled “On the Relationship between Environment and Economy” In the essay, you should (1 describe the pictures and interpret their meaning (2 give your opinion with some proof (3 give your conclusion.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points
[参考范文]On the Relationship between Environment and Economy
The two pictures above are both about the relationship between the environment and the economic development. In the first picture, GDP is on the rise while the environment is drastically polluted. In the second picture, economic efficiency progresses with environmental protection. It’s easy to get the conclusion that development according to the second picture is more reasonable than that in the first one.
In the early development of socialism, our country didn’t pay much attention to the issue of environmental protection and savored the bitterness. Now, the government has taken many measures and is implementing the strategy of “sustainable development”. One aspect of the strategy is to develop the economy and take measures to protect the environment at the same time. In this way, we can develop our country in a sustainable manner and our offspring can have enough resources to develop society. If we don’t put much emphasis on the environment issue and excavate the natural resources blindly, our country will become a barren land sooner or later.
In a word, sustainable development is a reasonable strategy which should be implemented for a long time. The nature is providing us with plentiful resources generously, but it may punish us severely if we don’t care her.
