早上,我还在温暖的被窝中埋头睡着觉,手机铃声不停地响着。我猛的想起今天要去长沙旅游,就一骨碌爬起来,迅速穿好衣服洗漱完毕,匆忙吃过早饭就上路了。
到了学校,老师和同学都到齐了。陡然听到汽车的一声长鸣,我因为等待而烦操的心忽而轻松了。我们蜂拥的迎上去,在老师的安排下我们找到自己的座位坐下。一路上,高速公路的两旁那些清翠的小山向后飞奔着,紧接着迎来了一栋栋高楼大厦让我看得眼花缭乱,不知不觉到了长沙。下了车,迎面就吹来一股清凉而又舒适的风,同车上比起来真是天壤之别。我们排成整齐的路对向动物园“进军”。一会,我们就到达了动物园大门前,“还没进动物园就已经见到大象了”我欢呼的叫着。我走过前去,仔细一看,原来是用蜡制成的,一种用蓝色和淡绿色相杂的皮肤不仔细看还真有可能让人信以为真。我用手在皮肤上摸着,那皮肤十分粗糙,担又给人一种柔软的感觉。终于,进了门,里面又是另翻洞天。我们徒步前走,这儿的风景美极了,四周都是青山,那青山十分的绿,看,在青山的绿影下溪水、石头、沉在水中的叶子都披着绿色的霞光,就连人们身上鲜艳的五彩的衣服也被染绿了。在绿影中,一些枫树十分养眼,那红光令人感到温暖,这红光似乎有一种引力一样,我不时总扭过头去看看,这枫树似乎成了宠儿。我们一路上有说有笑的走着,听说有大象表演我们班的同学都不顾一切的狂奔了过去。我们找到了一个座位坐下了,大象在驯兽师的命令下作出了一系列动作,看大象将两只前脚抬起,站立在约莫三四十厘米的木桥上,还左右的行走着。还有,它们两只一起,每一只的腿都抬起来一条,两只象抬起的脚碰到一起,将驯兽师抬在上面……我们的欢呼声十分响亮,但我转念一想:大象的表演的确精彩,但是,它们因为这次表演肯定十分辛苦,而且,我们不能因为为了满足自己的***而将动物的自由剥削掉!
通过这次的旅游我明白了这样一个道理:只有和动物和平共处,才是不让人类更早灭绝的明确选择!
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
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