1.要化“大”话题为“小”标题。怎样化大为小呢 首先,准确选择切入点,选择自己对话题最熟悉的角度,自己熟悉的问题,自然材料储备充分,同时也最易于表现自己的认识水平。另外,变抽象为具体。把抽象的话题转变为对某具体问题的议论,能够有效地避免作文空泛。 如:以“距离”为话题,写一篇不少于800字的作文。“距离”的话题是宽泛的,它包容许多层面的问题,可以从多角度切入,如以“调控好人与人之间的距离”为标题,就明确的缩小了论述的范围,有利于对“距离”的某方面做充分的论述,使作文内容集中,观点鲜明。2.论点式标题,标题有意出现话题中的关键词。以中心论点做标题不仅有益于提醒考生选材、论证不要偏离话题中心,而且能够对阅卷人起到内容提示作用,用标题明示自己的作文是扣题的。
按图表写,首先要读懂图表,理解其包含的信息。为此目的,应注意三点:第一是读懂标题,明白图表的目的;第二是研究图表主题,理解各项内容及其之间的联系;第三是注意图表的说明或图例,以免误解。总之,对图表的研究要仔细,理解和判断要准确,不能草率做出决定,以免在文章内容方面丢分。
读懂图表之后,立即思考文章应表达的内容。这里,我们应该明白两个制约因素:其一是作文写作时间只有二十多分钟,不可能长篇大论;其二是图表内容繁多,不可能一一说明,也不能写成枯燥无味的'流水账。考虑取舍时,应注意总的趋势,概貌,相互关系,典型的例子或数据,抓住这些之后,其他的内容实际上也包含在其中,不必再提及。
文章的写法没有固定的模式,但因题材的限制,变化太大也不可能。第一段必须说明图表的性质与目的,没有这一点,文章的主题难以突出。自然段的划分以清楚明了为原则,例如第一段谈图表的目的,其余自然段应当以所谈要点划分,最后一段可谈自己的理解和看法(也可不谈。写作时的关键是每个要点谈完后,应给出例证,把该说地说完,然后再进入下一要点,不能不顾文章条理,把想到的内容随便乱放。
再语言方式上,要注意句式的变化,尽量避免反复使用某一句型。再并列情况较多时,设法采用连结词或关系词将领岁的内容串在一起,为文章的主题服务。全文的思路可以用主题句,自然段,逻辑词等手法表明,使读者感到作者的思路清晰,感到全文是个有机的整体。遇到众多雷同的词汇短语时,能变化的尽量变化,无力变化时可用句式变化弥补。
Prisoners of War?
Thousands of war prisoners were kept in captivity in the bulky camp. They lived in clutter and had to deal with chore. They must show categorical obedience or else receive caustic chiding. The guarding officers censure them very often, as well as clamoring carnal punishments. Some captives got bruise and clots all over. Male prisoners lost their collaterals and female ones fail to keep chaste.??
They wear burnished canvas, and rested in circumscribed room with small capacity and caliber. They chafe each other and brawled frequently. They were chary of moving and can hardly budge. Their situations captivated lots of reporters, who castigated the government with cogent proof. However, the government gave bombastic data and bragged about the conditions in the camps.??
After the calamity of war ceased, large numbers of captives were longing for the boon of brisk free life. According to a clandestine bond between the two canny governments, a process of exchanging captives will soon commence. This is considered as opening a cleft in the clogged wall between the two countries.
首段以开门见山式为佳,这种形式简洁明了,便于直接切入主题,三言五语就话题表明自己的观点态度,可以有效地避免因表述绕弯多造成表意不清甚至跑题的情况发生。末段显志,应对照首段观点,呼应首段,强化议论效果,显现文章的整体性。另外,无论是首尾段,还是首尾句,都应出现话题中的关键词,这样既有益于围绕话题展开,又能突出中心,使阅卷人对行文内容一目了然。做到以上几点,一般情况下,作文就能够紧扣话题,明确表达中心了。
Mahatma Gandhi
Gandhi was the peerless precursor of India national independence movement as well as a provident politician with prodigious probity. Grown up in penury, he was a pious posterity of the Indian people and had no prodigal penchants.
Fighting for the perennial independence of India, Gandhi is propped by many followers. He told them to keep placid and proscribed violence which may pervert people, for he knew profoundly, if that prevails, their prestige would be profaned and the movement would fall in plight. As a result, he kept placating his followers by plotting petitions with percussions and pleaded with the British colonists with propriety to accept their plausible proposals. Local governors professed his process permissible, and his minions proliferated.
As Gandhi’s propensity to become independent protruded and his profuse methods of struggle protracted, the colonists were prodded and pensive. They fear that the poise would be broken and fights would pervade. So they prosecuted Gandhi for pilferage of poultries and plunged the plaintiff into the penal jail. The jail keeper was prone to sympathy and made special food provision for Gandhi by pecking the jail wall. Their precious proximity was not perpetuated. Soon the keeper was precluded from touching Gandhi and Gandhi lost his preference.??
A prolific playwright wrote a play about Gandhi with pertinent topic recently. In the prelude of the play he premised that Gandhi was still alive. When the play was on, it precipitated and the perspective of the city’s profile became picturesque.
如:以“人才的培养”为话题,写一篇不少于800字的作文。通过分析,我们筛选出话题的关键词是“培养”,那么,写作的重点就应落在“培养”上。
One of the most crucial reasons for my view is that we could (canhave more opportunities to realize our dreams in the process of moving between places. As a young man(young men, we are all eager for success. However the road to (approach towardsuccess is so hard that we have to make great efforts. We must possess many aspects, including(去掉 outstanding intelligence, excellent education, rich experience and certainly good luck, most of which are acquired only by insistently pursuing, besides (andstudiously striving in different cities(if necessary. I can take one of my friends for instance. In order (toreceive the best education, after graduating from the senior school, he left his hometown to a remote city, BEIJING. But four years later, to looking for a better job, he left BEIJING and come to SHENZHEN, a beautiful city in his dream. Now his new goal is to enter American B-School to acquire (ofmore advanced knowledge in financing. We can see, in just about ten years, he has moves three times, and what is more(more importantly, this moving sill continue. Actually, in contemporary society more and more people are as this(act like him .
Another essential fact why (reason whyI hold my view is that we can enjoy a more rich and colorful (richer and more colorfullife, as we change places we live in. For my part, enjoying life is as important as, if not more important than, devoting work(hard working. It is a pleasing thing in the holiday to visit beautiful sceneries in different places. My friends mentioned in the last paragraph(before, has visited the snow scene in the north, and the widely (widesea in the south.
Admittedly, we cannot neglect the virtues (ofspending the entire life in one place. People can attained (attainthe feeling of family to their community, and the relationships between people are closer. Nevertheless moving between cities perhaps is more attractive to young persons than staying in one place thorough their lives.
From all the reasons mentioned above, it is not difficult to get the conclusion that if it is possible, I would move a number of times throughout my lives to look for the best job, house or climate I am eager for.
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