12月7日—18日(后延期至19日,《联合国气候变化框架公约》缔约方第15次会议在丹麦首都哥本哈根召开。大会集中商讨了《京都议定书》(《京都议定书》是1997年12月在日本京都由《联合国气候变化框架公约》参加国三次会议制定的。其目标是“将大气中的温室气体含量稳定在一个适当的水平,进而防止剧烈的气候改变,特别是气候变暖对人类造成伤害”。根据会议共识,导致世界气候不断上升的原因主要是因为发达国家单纯追求工业革命及经济利益而大量排放了温室气体,因此,该协议规定,发达国家除了强制履行减排任务,向发展中国家提供资金、技术转让和能力建设支持外,还要承诺从20xx年开始承担减少碳排放量的义务,防止气候继续变暖。一期承诺到期后的后续方案,就未来应对气候变化的全球行动签署新的协议。
在经过13天马拉松式的艰难谈判后,来自192个国家的代表最终达成《哥本哈根协议》。虽然该协议并不具有法律约束力,但维护了《联合国气候变化框架公约》和《京都议定书》确立的“共同但有区别的责任”原则,就发达国家实行强制减排和发展中国家采取自主减缓行动作出了安排,并就全球长期目标、资金和技术支持、透明度等焦点问题达成广泛共识。这场被称为自二战结束后人类社会最重要的一次国际会议以及“拯救人类的最后一次机会”的会议将对全球的气候变化和环境保护产生深远的影响。
阿尔道夫。门采尔是世界著名的素描大师,他从13岁开始学绘画。一生共创作了一万五千多幅速写,七千多张素描。这些数量惊人的作品,都是他辛勤 劳动的结晶,他不管走到哪里,绘画工具总是随身带着,在大街小巷,乡村田野,河畔山顶,处处可以看到挥笔作画的身影。有人称他得了“缓画狂热症”,他听了很高兴地说:“希望此病是绝症。”
Study the picture above carefully and write an essay entitled “The Adaptation of the Classical Literature”. In the essay, you should (1 describe the picture (2 interpret its meaning (3 give your opinion about the phenomenon. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points?
The picture gives us a view of a popular phenomenon: the adaptation of the classics. Some classical literary works, such as our four great classics i.e. A Dream of Red Mansions, Journey to the West, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Heroes of the Marshes, are all adapted to cater to some readers’ tastes. The traditional characters become so strange and the plots are totally different. It is so ridiculous that the precious literary treasures are allowed to be ruined so much.
As we all know, the classical literature is the representation of the outstanding art of our nation. Some familiar characters such as Monkey King express the good wishes of our common people. From them, we learn many good virtues such as honesty, bravery, justice etc. However, in those adapted works named “Bantering***”or “Reboiling***”, all plots are changed and all characters become somewhat watered clown. Some readers interested in reading burlesque works have high praise for them. But they never think of the negative effects of such adaptations on the average reader, especially to children. Children are the future of the nation. They always believe that what is in the books is the truth. Those adapted works will affect their outlook on life.
Therefore, some measures should be taken to restrict these adaptations. The real classics should be presented on the bookshelves to lead people to appreciate the real art.
Study the two pictures above carefully and write an essay entitled “On the Relationship between Environment and Economy” In the essay, you should (1 describe the pictures and interpret their meaning (2 give your opinion with some proof (3 give your conclusion.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points
[参考范文]On the Relationship between Environment and Economy
The two pictures above are both about the relationship between the environment and the economic development. In the first picture, GDP is on the rise while the environment is drastically polluted. In the second picture, economic efficiency progresses with environmental protection. It’s easy to get the conclusion that development according to the second picture is more reasonable than that in the first one.
In the early development of socialism, our country didn’t pay much attention to the issue of environmental protection and savored the bitterness. Now, the government has taken many measures and is implementing the strategy of “sustainable development”. One aspect of the strategy is to develop the economy and take measures to protect the environment at the same time. In this way, we can develop our country in a sustainable manner and our offspring can have enough resources to develop society. If we don’t put much emphasis on the environment issue and excavate the natural resources blindly, our country will become a barren land sooner or later.
In a word, sustainable development is a reasonable strategy which should be implemented for a long time. The nature is providing us with plentiful resources generously, but it may punish us severely if we don’t care her.
笨鸟先飞。——元。关汉卿《陈母教子》
多识由博学。——宋。欧阳修《和圣俞》
五更起床,百事兴旺。——英国谚语
锲而舍之,朽木不折;锲而不舍,金石可镂。——《荀子。劝学》
德隳于惰,名立于劳。——宋。司马光《逸箴》
凿不休则沟深,斧不止则薪多。——汉。王充《论衡。命录》
书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟。——《古今对联集锦。治学联》
业精于勤,荒于嬉;行成于思毁于随。——唐。韩愈《进学解》
勤快的人汗水多;贪吃的人口水多。——蒙古谚语
斧子也能磨得像剃刀。——日本谚语
努力勤奋可以带来好运。——[美]富勒《至理名言》
只要功夫深,铁杵磨成针。——清。俞樾《茶香室丛书》
功到自然成。——明。吴承恩《西游记》
逆水行舟用力撑,一篙松劲退千寻。——董必武《题赠〈中学生〉》
人之为学,不日进则日退。——清。顾炎武《顾亭林诗文集。与人书一》
才自内发,学以外成。——南朝梁。刘勰《文心雕龙。事类》
韦编屡绝铁砚穿,口育手钞那计年。——宋.陆游《剑南诗稿。寒夜读书》
洞穴贯穿,弥见精勤。——《叶圣陶序跋集。〈中日战争〉序》
功崇惟志,业广惟勤。——《尚书。周书。周官》
没有时间,挤;学不进去,钻。——谢觉哉《学语集锦》
把惰性当仇敌。——恽代英《致宗白华》
要摘取果子的人必须爬上树。——[美]富勒《至理名言》
穷苦和学问是好友;富贵和学问是仇敌。——陶行知《学问之要素》
很少有什么东西是不能通过勤奋和技艺而获得的。——[英]约翰逊《拉塞勒斯》
凡是普通人能够做的事情,我们都可做,我的最大的好处是勤劳。——[英]莎士比亚《李尔王》
学如逆水行舟,不进则退;心似平原走马,易放难收。——《古今对联集锦。治学联》
那里有天才,我是把别人喝咖啡的工夫都用在工作上的。——《〈鲁迅全集〉编校后记》
笔成冢,墨成池,不及羲之即献之;笔秃千管,墨磨万锭,不作张芝作索靖。——宋。苏轼《东坡题跋。题二王书》
吾尝终日不食,终夜不被,以思,无益,不如学也。——《论语卫灵公》
达。芬奇是欧洲文艺复兴时期意大利一位卓越画家。他从小爱好绘画,父亲送他到佛罗伦萨,拜名画家佛罗基奥为师。第一堂课老师教他画鸡蛋。他画 了一个又一个,足足画了十几天,老师还是让他继续画鸡蛋,这一下达。奇想不通了,就问老师:“为什么老是让我画鸡蛋?”老师告诉他:鸡蛋虽然痹通,但天下 没有绝对一样的,即使是同一个鸡蛋,角度不同,投下的光线不同,比方说,把头抬高一点看,或者把眼睛放低一点看,这个蛋的椭圆形轮廓就会有差异。因此画蛋是基本功。基本功要练到得心应手。“
达。芬奇从此苦练基本功,天天画蛋。一年,二年,三年……他画鸡蛋用的草稿,已经堆得老高了。经过长期的勤奋的艺术实践,终于创作出许多不朽的名画,成为一代宗师。
京剧言派创始人言菊朋,是蒙古族人,祖辈几代都是清王朝的武官。他在陆军贵胄学堂念书时就对京剧艺术特别有兴趣。毕业后,他在蒙藏学院某得了个小差事,收入很低,维持六口之家生活过得紧巴巴。可他千方百计要省出钱来去听戏。他特别爱看著名老生谭鑫培演的戏,不管是下瓢泼大雨还是大雪纷飞,他总是 脚踏钉鞋,手持雨伞,上戏院买张最便宜的票,潜心观摩谭鑫培的表演。十余年如一日,从不间断,他的足迹踏遍了北京城内各大戏院。
他不但刻苦、细心学习谭鑫培的表演艺术,而且还在学习别人的基础上不断创新,终于形成了自己的独特风格,在京剧界独树一帜,成为言派创始人。
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