导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
今天早晨九点半,我们乘坐的列车来到了美丽壮观的西宁。
刚下火车,我具有一个感觉:凉!简直可以用冷来形容,凉风一吹,我浑身都起鸡皮疙瘩,冷得我直打哆嗦。这和河南相比简直是两个季节。我立刻向妈妈要了几件衣服,套了上去。啊,好多了。这时我才有心情向四周观看,西宁的楼房林立,比我们濮阳的楼房高多了,连原来在青海生活了十几年的妈妈都几乎认不出了,妈妈说:将近二十年没回来,变化可真大呀!我和爸爸更是感慨万分,因为我们两人是第一次来西宁。贝贝哥哥就在我们感慨的时候出现了,带我们来到了舅舅的车上,舅舅一边开车,一边给我们讲周围的景色,我感觉我的眼睛和耳朵都不够用了,很快就来到了舅舅家的小区——龙源叠翠小区。啊!小区可真漂亮,这么多的高楼,我觉得生活在西宁到人一定很幸福、很快乐。到了贝贝哥哥家,啊,他家的房子可真大呀,要是开生日派对肯定很壮观。
下午,我们去逛商场和超市,这里的商场也很大,货物琳琅满目、应有尽有,让人眼花缭乱,我们给贝贝哥哥买了一身运动服,还选购了一些别的物品。
今天,西宁给我的感觉可真好呀!
8月4日的那一天,我非常高兴因为我们一家要去青海旅游。在家里的时候爸爸老说青海的风景美,这次我到要看一看青海有多美!
我的爸爸车技好,开的又快,几个小时就到了。我们到了青海的市中心西宁,找到了宾馆,我们就去转景点。
我们在前往青海湖的途中我们看到了一望无际的油菜花。金黄色的美丽极了,从远处看油菜花几乎与天边连接着,从近处看油菜花像像一幅画,我们一家人留了一张影。我们又坐车到了青海湖,这湖水,乍看,犹似一潭诱人的陈酒,静静的,轻盈盈的;细看,宛如一面在翡翠帷幕中的宝镜,亮亮的,蓝湛湛的,湖平似镜!小船激起涟漪,摇晃到不远的地方,渐渐消失,湖面一抹而平。这一切,都像经过艺术家的裁剪,移步换形,变中并无赘余之笔。这一物一景又都倒映在鉴湖镜水之中,真是莹洁无比。
青海湖的景色和金灿灿的油菜花让我久久不能忘怀!
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