人靠泥土而生存繁衍,注定了泥土功高盖世。从古时起,人们就学会了在泥土上种庄稼而获取食物,用泥土搭建房屋而得以栖身。人们日复一日、年复一年地劳作,泥土也日复一日、年复一年地向人们提供生命之粮。到了现在,泥土对人们的恩惠更多了,人们从泥土中汲取石油、煤,人们从泥土中探掘各种稀有金属。泥土促进了人的发展,建立了不朽的功勋。
Country Garden and Me
On the way from Panyu City to Shunde City and approaching the conjunction point of both cities, a big advertisement board of the infamous Country Garden will catch your eyes. And on the board, a lovely girl gently holds a little white pigeon.
She looks at everybody with a sweet smile. Who is this girl? Let me tell you later. Country Garden is located at the Beijao town, Shunde City of Guangdong Province. Ten years ago when my Dad and Mom took me as a baby to Guangzhou, it was a wasteland here. But what does this piece of wasteland look like nowadays? Country Garden has been developed and enlarged rapidly on the ground of this land, and a great number of high-quality houses and apartments have been built up within the garden. Over the past decade, other nine country gardens with various unique designs have been erasing around the great city of Guangzhou. The construction and management of several gardens have engaged the devoted contributions from my Dad and Mom.
Country Garden has grown up together with me, and I am one of the witnesses of its growth and development.
泥土不仅是一个伟丈夫,还是一个小女子,用泥土做成的东西,小巧玲珑,美观大方。人们用泥土烧制或手制成陶器,再在外表涂上一层鲜艳的颜色,完成后便成了一件件精美绝伦的手工艺品。用泥土捏成的人物,个个栩栩如生,惟妙惟肖,把人物原型的一举一动、喜怒哀乐都表现得十分逼真。典型的如秦始皇陵兵马俑,它们个个形态逼真、体态威武,虽经历了千年的沧桑仍保持着原来的风貌,怪不得世界各地的友人都对它赞不绝口。把洗净的鸡放入泥土中,焐一会儿以后再拿出来还可制成美味的叫化鸡。
泥土有如此之多的功劳,对我们人类的好处如此之多,我们不得不从心中喷发出一种热烈的感情——敬畏泥土!
围绕“泥土”这一中心话题,作者调动了自己平时的积累,思绪从女娲造人的远古传说到今天的土焐制作叫化鸡,从举世闻名的万里长城到日常工艺品,从旷世杰作秦始皇陵兵马俑到最常见的土地上种庄稼,如此等等,可谓文思泉涌,材料如山。作者巧妙地将眼前的材料进行分类,分别以“功高盖世的泥土”、“坚强伟岸的泥土”、“用途广泛的泥土”为小标题,展示了泥土的贡献、特征和用途。正是有了多侧面、多角度的表现,文章结尾就自然地引出了“敬畏泥土”的点题性话语。小标题的运用(一类情况用一个小标题),理清了文章的思路,也让读者一目了然。
使用“分类条陈法”构思要注意的问题是:对叙写的事物进行分类时,必须从同一个观察点出发,使用同一个标准去分类,不能使分成的类别互相交叉或相互包含;分条论证时,条与条也就是段与段之间要有内在联系,这就是说分类要在同一平面进行。正因为在同一个平面进行分类,思维层次单一,构思才快速。
The fox, filled with arrogance, examined the cat from head to feet, and for a long time did not know whether he should give an answer. At last he said, "Oh, you poor beard-licker, you speckled fool, you hungry mouse hunter, what are you thinking? Have you the nerve to ask how I am doing? What do you know? How many tricks do you understand?"
"I understand but one," answered the cat, modestly.
"What kind of a trick is it?" asked the fox.
"When the dogs are chasing me, I can jump into a tree and save myself."
"Is that all?" said the fox. "I am master of a hundred tricks, and in addition to that I have a sackful of cunning. I feel sorry for you. Come with me, and I will teach you how one escapes from the dogs."
Just then a hunter came by with four dogs. The cat jumped nimbly up a tree, and sat down at its top, where the branches and foliage completely hid her.
"Untie your sack, Mr. Fox, untie your sack," the cat shouted to him, but the dogs had already seized him, and were holding him fast.
"Oh, Mr. Fox," shouted the cat. "You and your hundred tricks are left in the lurch. If you been able to climb like I can, you would not have lost your life."
一只猫在森林里遇到一只狐狸,心想:“他又聪明,又丰富,挺受人尊重的。”於是它很友好地和狐狸打招呼:“日安,尊敬的狐狸先生,您好吗?这些日子挺艰难的,您过得怎么样?”
狐狸傲慢地将猫从头到脚地打量了一番,半天拿不定主意是不是该和它说话。最后它说:“哦,你这个倒霉的长着鬍子、满身花纹的傻瓜、饥肠辘辘地追赶老鼠的.傢伙,你会啥?有甚么资格问我过得怎么样?你都学了点甚么本事?”
“我只有一种本领。”猫谦虚地说。
“甚么本领?”狐狸问。
“有人追我的时候,我会爬到树上去藏起来保护自己。”
“就这本事?”狐狸不屑地说,“我掌握了上百种本领,而且还有满口袋计谋。我真觉得你可怜,跟着我吧,我教你怎么从追捕中逃生。”
就在这时,猎人带着四条狗走近了。猫敏捷地窜到一棵树上,在树顶上蹲伏下来,茂密的树叶把它遮挡得严严实实。
“快打开你的计谋口袋,狐狸先生,快打开呀!”猫冲着狐狸喊道。可是猎狗已经将狐狸扑倒咬住了。“哎呀,狐狸先生,”猫喊道,“你的千百种本领就这么给扔掉了!假如你能像我一样爬树就不至於丢了性命了!”
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