1。thereof
以”there”为前缀加上介词构成的词,如thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith等,在文中具体指什么,需要读者依照合同的上下文来判断,因而理解起来比较复杂,请看下例:
This Agreement is written in the English language。 In case of any discrepancy between the English version and any translation thereof, the English text shall govern。 句中”the English version and any translation thereof”从上下文判断意为 “the English version and any translation of the English version”,即thereof一词代替of the English version。与以here开头的词如hereof的理解方法类似。
2。therein
该词意为in that, in that particular
context, in that respect,“在那里”,“在那点上”,“在那方面”,表示上文已提及的“合同中的”“工程中的”。如:the contract or any part thereof意为the contract or any part of the contract,合同或合同的任何部分。
3。thereto
该词意为:to that,“随附”,“附之”,如:“Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto。 句中or developments with respect thereto 意为:or developments with respect to the developments。
4。thereunder
该词意为:under that, “在其下”,“依照”,如:The Borrower fails to pay any amount payable thereunder as and when such amount shall become payable。 句中any amount payable thereunder意为any amount payable under the contract。
五一放假了,我想很多人都不想闷在家里,都想去感受一下外面的气息。但是我不一样,我这个人天生就懒,五一放假哪里也不想去,可是爸爸偏要拽着我去植物园逛逛。因为我个人就比较喜欢听一些劲暴音乐,所以他在小汽车里放起了dj舞曲,这还使我心情欢快、兴奋一些。还有最重要的是我的裤子还是用数据线代替绳子系起来的呢。
一路上花花草草,甚至还有一群调皮的小朋友在追逐打闹的放风筝,路上车辆来来往往,好一派车水马龙的景象。
爸爸选了一个合适的停车位置,我们下车之后才知道阳光是这么强烈,早知道我就应该带一个帽子,算了先玩吧,不管这些了。首先映入眼帘的是一个广场——日照城市规划展览馆,广场中间屹立着一个大圆球,我也不知道代表着什么。这里好像拍摄过《日照style 》吧,总之这里我都是不太清楚。广场四周还有喷泉,几个调皮的小孩子在喷泉旁钻来钻去,弄得一身狼狈,我们都笑的不亦乐乎。当然,在展览馆门口前还有水池,在阳光的照耀下池子里波光粼粼,一些游客都拿起鹅卵石,在池子里打起了水漂,我们都连连叫好。池子中间有一个用玻璃搭建在池子上面的台阶,你只有从这个台阶才能走进展览馆去看看里面的精彩。
“东宝,走啦!”只见爸爸在前方一声吼,因我看的入迷,并不知道他们已经走远了。我不得跑步前进才能追得上。接下来就是植物园。我记得前几次去的时候这里并没有摆小摊卖东西的啊,哦,可能是假期的缘故吧。前面居然还有卖烧烤的,这远远超出了我的想象,植物园不是注重环境,注重植物的'吗?走进烧烤摊,噢我的天!一大排啊。还有人在做烧烤的同时,放着音乐,像非洲野人、疯子一样的唱起歌。他们个个光着大膀子,还有人穿着蒙古族服装,可能是为了拉生意吧。我想送给他们一句话:简直是挣钱不要命!
植物园不就是植物嘛,就是一些花草树木,什么杜鹃啦、山茶啦、牡丹啦,总之有的是。还有一些环保人员在清理我们扔下的垃圾。这大太阳的,给花草浇浇水,让小草滋润,让花儿开放,游客们照相机也没有闲着的时候。
总而总之,络绎不绝的游客、热情好客的摊主、调皮捣蛋的孩子们,使整个植物园都是孩子们欢乐,大人们休闲的好场所。
1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
Last summer vacation,my family and I went to Qingdao by train.There was always sunshine and fresh air,which made us so comfortable.We went to the seaside,the sea was as blue as the sky,and bathing in the sunshine on the beach, was really an enjoyable thing.I also picked up a lot of colorful shells with my little sister.There we bought many interesting souvenirs,I was planing to send them to my friends.We ate many tings there,such as fish,prawn,and so on.
They are very delicious.Then we lived in a clean and tidy hotel,and the price was not so expensive.I like Qingdao very much,and if I got a chance,I hope to come here again,it is such a beautiful and interesting place.
I am very happy, because to the festival, we put three days off, and my birthday is coming soon, in April 21. But I also feel sad because today is the Ching Ming Festival, is awakened to the days of revolutionary martyrs.
Revolutionary martyr for our better life today, laid down their lives! I feel very sad, so Im going to the revolutionary martyrs cemetery in East China Linyi, went to look at the revolutionary martyrs.
他就是老班长,他受上级委托来照顾三位病号。他用自己制作的鱼钩每天给病号们钓鱼吃,供给他们的营养,而自己却瘦得皮包骨头。后来的一天一夜,病号们越来越虚弱,连路都走不动了。在快要走出草地的'那天,老班长为了给病号们钓鱼吃,自己晕倒路旁,在醒来的刹那,他还没有忘记党,让我们快走,自责自己没有完成上级交给的任务。
他的舍己为人,令人敬佩。他为党献出了自己宝贵的生命。他用过的鱼竿将永远存放在纪念馆里,让子子孙孙都来瞻仰他,让他的事迹和精神永远铭记在人们心中。
他可以说比伟人更伟大,因为伟人只是献出除生命的全部,而他献出的是生命。
他在临死前第一个想到的却是党和人民,在活着时,他第一个想到的仍是党和人民,他把自己的一生贡献给了党,自己却丝毫不留。
老班长您终于党、终于人民,舍己为人、舍生忘死的精神,将永远铭刻人心,将永远成为我们学习的榜样。老班长,我们想念您!
Today my mother and I go to shopping. We went to a big shop. There are many things. Something about playing, some about diet and some about work.
I like the book is very small, so I have to go to the bookstore. Oh, there are a lot of books. I like it very much. So I ask a mother: "I can chice my favorite book?" My mother said: "good!" "Good! Thank you, mum!" Im happy to buy some books!
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