Some fish are forced to leave polluted water and are flying in the sky. But unfortunately, air is also so polluted that they have to wear masks. Each of them is crying, “Where is my home?” What a terrible sight!
Mankind has brought so much pollution. Waste is being poured into rivers and seas. Poisons to kill pests in farming and chemicals go into rivers and seas, too. Poisonous gasses from factories also make the air so dirty. The whole balance of nature is being destroyed as a result of our ignorance of the environmental protection.
Personally, man can not live alone on the earth. Should fish die from serious pollution, so would man! It is high time we did something to prevent such a scene from happening.
本文格式正确,意思表述完整,行文流畅自然。作者在写作过程中注意长短句并用,还使用了以‘which,’引导的非限定性定语从句,从而使文章层次分明,富于变化,不愧为考场佳作。
一、说明文阅读理解的特征 一般说来,英语说明文与其它文体一样,文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面,即Who→What→When→Where→How→Why。
1. Who:问的是这篇文章的主体是谁?(即所要说明和描述的人或事物)
2. What:问的是主体做了什么事情?(即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途)
3. When和Where:是在何时何地发生的`?(即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途)
4. How:通过什么方式表现出来的?
5. Why:这种特性功能用途的原因是什么?
做说明文阅读阅读的时候,一定要记住上面的Wh-word。边阅读,边搜记,牢记要点,把握全文。
二.说明文阅读理解的类型 掌握说明文阅读理解题的类型对考生来说非常有必要。一般来说,高考对阅读理解的命题类型主要有以下几种:
1. 细节理解题
说明文中考查的细节理解题大致与记叙文相似。命题区域都有其共同点。⑴在列举处命题。如用First(1y、Second(1y、Third(1yFinally、not only…but also、then、in addition等表示顺承关系的词语列举出事实。试题要求考生从列举出的内容中选出符合题干要求的答案项。⑵在例证处命题。句中常用由as、such as、for example、for instance等引导的短语或句子作为例证,这些例句或比喻就成为命题者设问的焦点。⑶在转折对比处命题。一般通过however、but、yet、in fact等词语来引导。对比用unlike、until、not so much…as等词语引导,命题者常对用来对比的双方属性进行考查。⑷在比较处命题。无端的比较、
相反的比较、偷换对象的比较,经常出现在干扰项中,考生要标记并且关注到原文中的比较,才能顺利地排除干扰。⑸在复杂句中命题。包括同位词、插入语、定语、从句、不定式等,命题者主要考查考生对句子之间的指代关系和语法关系。
细节类问题一般都能在原文中找到出处,只要仔细就可以在文中找到答案。但正确的选择项不可能与阅读材料的原文完全相同,而是用不同的语句成句型表达相同的意思。
2. 语义猜测题 说明文为了把自然规律,事物的性质等介绍清楚或把事理阐述明白,因此学术性强的生词较多,所以常进行生词词义判断题的考查。命题方式多以The underlined part “…” in Paragraph…refers to….或What does the underlined word mean?或What is the meaning of the underlined word?为设问方式。解题时考生应认真阅读原文,分析其对某些科学原理是如何定义、如何解释的,并以此为突破口抽象概括出生词词义。也可以通过上下文来猜测某个陌生词语的语意。或者找出某个词语在文章中的同义词。要注意破折号、同位语从句、定语从句、插入句等具有解释、说明作用的语言成分。说明文在阐述说明对象时易发生动作变换、人称转变的现象,这类题目常以 it,they,them 等代词为命题点,因此考生要根据上下文语境,认真阅读原文,分析动作转换背景,弄清动作不同执行者,以便准确判断代词的其实际指代对象。
3. 主旨理解题
说明文常用文章大意判断题考查考生对通篇文意的理解。即对文章的主题或中心意思的概括和归纳。主要考查考生对文章的整体理解能力。命题形式常以This passage mainly talks about ____.What is the main idea of the passage?为设问方式。这种试题多以This passage mainly talks about the major
surprising findings about….为回答方法。答题时首先阅读题干,掌握问题的类型,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位,再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比,有根有据地排除干扰项,选出正确答案。
4. 判断推理题。
这种试题常以The passage is intended to...(2 The author suggests that...(3 The story implies that…(4 Which point of view may the author agree to?(5 From the passage we can conclude that...(6 The purpose of the passage is to...为设问方式。这种题型的答案在原文中不是直接就能找到的,它要求考生进行合理的推断。如因果关系,文中的某些用词、语气也往往具有隐含意义,考生要将这种含义读出来。说明文常出现图示判断题,这种试题可以事物之间正确的依赖关系为命题点,要求考生判断其正确的流程顺序相互关系等。考生一定要认真阅读原文,并对照原文介绍的情况,弄清图示的差异,根据题干需要最终做出正确判断。如:动物介绍性说明文常出现动物能力判断题,考查考生对特定动物所具有能力的判断。解题时考生应认真阅读原文对动物形态活动能力的判断,了解动物的生存环境和是否会使用工具,是否善于爬行、飞翔和游泳等。
观点态度题也是判断推理题考查的内容之一。说明文的对象为客观事实,但设题以议论的表达方式抒发对该说明对象的想法。如对某种新发明的赞赏,或对某个事物的批判。这类题目常见的题干表达方式有"What was the author?s attitude towards ...?" 等。
【实例探究】 Northwest China is part of the sandstorm centre in Central Asia. Sandstorms begin in desert areas. Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of "desertification". This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
【问题设计】
According to the passage which is NOT likely to cause "desertification"?
A. Climate changes. B. Cutting down trees.
C. Digging up grass. D. Saving water.
这本书花了我300元。
I spent 300 yuan on the book.
I paid 300 yuan for the book.
The price of the book is 300 yuan.
It cost me 300 yuan to buy the book.
我不懂什么英语,李明也不懂。
I don’t know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, neither does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, no more does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, so it is with Li Ming.
I know no more English than Li Ming does.
I know as little English as Li Ming does.
一到家,我就把所见到的一切都记了下来。
On/Upon arriving home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
As soon as I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
The moment I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
I’m very happy to receive your letter, and I’m glad to hear that you will go to China to learn Chinese here. I have already found a fiat for you. It is on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. Bus No.11 can take you there, and it is one stop before the Chinese School. The flat is on the third floor with 3 rooms, one of which is bedroom, the other two are bathroom and kitchen. There are a bed, a sofa, a desk and some chairs in this 25 square-metres small fiat, and the rent is 500 yuan per month. Maybe this fiat is not as good as your wish, but I’ll try my best to meet your needs. If it is not suitable enough, write to me and I will look for another better place.
Hope you will come here soon!
All the best!
Yours,
Li Hua
2010年高考全国卷1:有鱼吃还捉老鼠?
漫画作文。餐桌,许多猫吃鱼,就一只猫捉老鼠,别的猫说:“有鱼吃还捉老鼠?
往年高考漫画作文:有鱼吃还抓老鼠?
猫啊,都什么年代了,有鱼吃还捉老鼠?
是呢,为什么有鱼吃还捉老鼠呢?这的确是个问题了呢.我们可以站在这只捉老鼠的猫的立场上,试着分析一下.原因或许有二:
一则,这只捉老鼠的猫,突然有了心理障碍.他大概已经看到那只吃完了鱼的猫,正捂着肚子,表情似乎很难受,大概是吃得不舒服了.是啊,现在的鱼儿还敢随便吃吗?谁知道这鱼的来历,明白不明白呢?现在的鱼儿,多是人工养殖的呀.谁知道是不是吃激素,或是吃别的什么什么的长起来的呢?据说,还有喂避孕药的呢.弄不好,已经转基因了呢!怎么敢乱张嘴吃呢?有健康证吗?就算从湖里河里捕捞的,现在的河流湖泊大都污染的严重,黑黑的`废水,黄黄的漂沫,还有放心鱼吃吗?每年吃鱼吃出毛病住医院的,可不是少数啊?作为猫儿来讲,鱼,猫所欲也,老鼠,猫所欲也,吃老鼠不吃鱼,只是为了饮食健康,放心也.总之,现在老鼠还没有人工养殖的呢,也没见过哪个超市卖老鼠饲料的.吃老鼠,放心呀!天然的,绿色的.
二则,猫儿们的生活水平都逐年提高了.猫,已经从人类捕鼠的工具岗位,转移到宠物的位置了.现在的猫儿的生存条件,已经发生了翻天覆地的变化.还有几个逮老鼠的呢?多是鱼来张口,都已经养尊处优了呀.夏天必须在有空调的房间里休息,冬天在街上溜弯儿,也得穿上保暖马甲.但尽管这样,仍然有不失本色的猫儿呀!如图所示,至少有四分之一猫儿,仍然是捉老鼠的.正所谓,时代变化了,劳动本色不能变.这只捉老鼠的猫,实在让我们看到了猫儿们的希望所在呀!
猫不吃鱼,总有道理.
往年高考漫画作文:有鱼吃还抓老鼠?
漫画《猫有鱼吃还捉老鼠》,描绘的是这样的一幅场景:餐桌边,几只猫在吃鱼,只有一只猫放弃盘子中的鱼,在捉老鼠。其中的一只猫说:“都什么年代了,有鱼吃还捉老鼠?”,并带着一副讥笑的表情。另有一只吃饱的猫,捧着肚子,一副不屑的表情。 这幅漫画无疑是对当下社会现象的一种生动反映,如今社会经济发展了,物质极大丰富了,人们的生活条件普遍改善了,就像那些猫儿顿顿有鱼可吃了。
而作为本性就是捉老鼠的猫,是不是还应该去捉老鼠?其实,这是暗喻人们面对优越的物质条件,还去不去付出劳动,还去不去奋斗和拼搏。这是一个复杂的社会现象,总体来讲,人类追求进步,追求文明的步伐什么时候也不会停止。即使有鱼吃了,也要去捉老鼠,去努力工作和奋斗,争取不但有鱼吃,而且要吃鲍鱼、吃更高级、更有营养的食物。显然,那只去捉老鼠的猫是只好猫,是只很有远见的智慧猫。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to the university president. You should write at least 120 words based on the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 学校教学应该注重学生学习方法的\'培养。
2. 学校应该丰富学生的校园生活
A Letter to the University President
Dear Sir,
I am writing to put up some suggestions concerning our teaching and campus life.
As a sophomore from the Math Department, I am quite satisfied with the present condition of my university, but I餯 like to say that there is still some room for improvement.
First, I believe that more attention should be paid to the guidance of our study methods. To some extent, university students are capable of studying by themselves, but more often than never, we find ourselves at a loss as to choose good books to read and appropriate topics for our research. It is clear that we need some advice from our teachers. If our teachers can lecture more on how to learn by yourself for us, especially for the freshmen, our skills will be further improved.
Second, more activities should be conducted to make our campus life more colorful. I餸 sorry to say that the present life on campus is quite boring. Every day we have classes, read in the library, or stay in the dormitory. Life here is routine. We need more meaningful activities organized to enrich our college life and enable us to study more efficiently.
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