导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
我听过王笑菲的培训课,那是在大学没毕业前,我去一家公司实习,刚好他们公司举行一次企业内部培训。我有幸也参加了此次培训,整场培训下来我们个个精神焕发,几个游戏过后我们收获的不仅仅是知识,更多的是一个做人的准则。这本书的作者用还算幽默风趣的行文风格,引入了大量的“流行语”,并将这些“流行语”稍做修改作为各章节的题目辅以一些故事还是比较容易读的,如果把这本书浓缩成两个字,就是责任。下班回家,看《百分百负责任》,感觉王笑菲对我们当代年轻人的心态很有一番研究,了解的很透彻。
记得初入济宁海螺的自己,当时正直基建高峰期,最不能承受的就是过大的压力和责任。念书的时候只需要对自己负责,上班后就要对别人负责,对工作负责,对公司负责,这样的转变曾让我无法适应。记得有一次,前一天事情较多晚上加班到很晚才回去睡觉,第二天醒来感觉很累,突然心情很差,不想去上班。于是任性的请了假,在房间里闷头睡觉。后来知道,那天的业务量又突然的增加了很多,因为少了一个人,大家的工作量陡增,忙到很晚……第二天上班看到同事们疲惫的脸,觉得很过意不去,从那之后基建高峰期我尽可能用最多的时间投入到工作中,再也没有无故请假过。
这一年看了很多关于的书,比如海螺信息中推荐的《百分百负责任》、《把信送给加西亚》等,学生时代,曾看过《做自己想做的人》、《谁动了我的奶酪》,我那会一直在琢磨怎样才能找到自己路。一晃几年过去了,我想要想找到自己,还是先学会百分百负责任吧!
进入海螺以来,经历了很多的变化,我也明白了,正如海螺经营理念:为人类创造未来的生活空间,这其实也是一种责任。在承担责任的同时,我们履行了诺言、创造了价值、丰富了知识、提升了能力,这一切也许在短期内不容易看得出效果,但却为你今后的成功铲除了荆棘、铺平了道路、成就了我们自己。学会担当,为自己负责,这就是我们现在要做的事情。
课堂上提出了一个问题:“外因和内因在一个人的成功里各占了多少的比例。”其实在决定一个人的成功因素当中内因占了很大一部分的作用。客观的东西我们不可能改变,因为它确确实实地存在。
我们所能改变的是自己的心态,我们的内因。如果发生了什么事情就一味地抱怨环境怎么不好,别人怎么没用,那是说明你是由别人在决定自己的命运,我们要重自身出发,找原因,想想如果我当时能够怎样做的话,事情的结果是不是就会不一样了呢。
的'确,往往我们遇到了问题,首先想到的是埋怨,往往不会从自己的身上找出原因,而是找别人的原因或客观的原因,但这样的做的结果的是什么。
在遇到事情永远不要抱怨、不要牢***,因为抱怨和牢***并不能解决你实际的问题,我们能做的就是找出自己的责任,想想我要是这样做的话,能不能做到更好,是不是事情就换了个结果。这样,你就是自己命运的主控者,我可以改变自己的命运。
同样,在企业里,老板和员工都是车上的司机,都能左右企业的兴衰,因此大家都有责任去让我们的公司能快速地发展。一个企业的快速前进靠的不单单是老板的能力,而是全部员工的共同进步。
此外面对同样的事情,有的人想到的是消极的一面,有的人想到的是积极的一面,当然,积极的心态能让人更正面地去面对生活。这也正是为什么在这里心态决定了事情的结果。
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
《爱,何必百分百》所表达的意思是让人们不要用生死关头这么迂的做法来考验我们的爱情,而是在乎对方今天的表现行为,即使对方是个像“摩星钻石”一样的假钻,我们也要当个真钻,快快乐乐地过一生足矣。不要总想着考验爱情,而是应该想着怎样如何去经营爱情。有一句话:人生不满百,相爱几十年,我们何必用许多假设,甚至设计各种方法去验证自己的爱人呢?
茫茫人海中,两个人相遇是缘分,如若能相爱,就得要全心全意、十全十美了,爱当然就得百分百。不敢想象一个只顾自己的人是否爱你?不敢想象在没有经历过生死的人是否爱你?刘墉先生说的`多好:不要用是否经历生死这样过程来考验我们的爱情,而是看我们现实生活中平常的点滴就够了,即使对方是个像“摩星钻石”一样的假钻,我们也要当个真钻,快快乐乐地过一生足矣。在现实的生活中,这样的爱已经不存在了。
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
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