中考2018英语作文素材【一】
??确的书信格式及范文中考作文素材在平时的学习中，大家最害怕的就是作文了吧？那么，你需要积累一些可用的作文素材！为了帮助大家积累更多作文素材，下面是小编收集整理的正确的书信格式及范文中考作文素材，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
书信历史悠久，其格式也几经变化。今天，按通行的习惯，书信格式主要包括五个部分：称呼、正文、结尾、署名和日期。
1、称呼：也称“起首语”，是对收信人的称呼。称呼要在信纸第一行顶格写起，有的还可以加上一定的限定、修饰词，如亲爱的等。后加“：”，冒号后不再写字。称呼和署名要对应，明确自己和收信人的关系。
2、正文：正文通常以问候语开头。问候是一种文明礼貌行为，也是对收信人的一种礼节，体现写信人对收信人的关心。问候语最常见的是“您好！”“近好！”依时令节气不同，也常有所变化，如“新年好！”“春节愉快！”。问候语写在称呼下一行，前面空两格，常自成一段，不可直接接下文。否则，就会违反构段意义单一的要求，变成多义段了。
问候语之后，常有几句启始语。如“久未见面，别来无恙。”“近来身体是否安康？”“近来一切可好？”“久未通信，甚念！”之类。问候语要注意简洁、得体。
接下来便是正文的主要部分——主体文，可以分为若干段来书写，即写信人要说的话。这一部分，动笔之前，就应该成竹在胸，明白写信的主旨，做到有条有理、层次分明。若是信中同时要谈几件事，更要注意主次分明，有头有尾，详略得当，最好是一件事一段落，不要混为一谈。
3、结尾。正文写完后，都要写上表示祝福的话，作为书信的结尾。这是对收信人的一种礼貌。祝福的话可因人、因具体情况选用适当的词，不要乱用。一般对长辈都说一些“工作顺利”“身体健康”之类的祝福语，而对同学则说一些“学习进步”“天天快乐”之类的话。
祝福语的格式是：在正文写完之后，另起一行空两格写“祝你”、“敬祝”，再另起一行顶格写上“工作顺利”“身体健康”等，后面都不要用标点符号。
如果不用以上祝福语，也可以最一般的“此致”、“敬礼”结尾。“此致”可以有两种正确的位置来进行书写，一是紧接着主体正文之后，不另起段，不加标点；二是在正文之下另起一行空两格书写。“敬礼”写在“此致”的下一行，顶格书写。后应该加上一个惊叹号，以表示祝颂的诚意和强度。
4、署名和日期。在书信最后一行，署上写信人的姓名。署名应写在正文结尾后的右方空半行的地方。如果是写给的亲属，可加上自己的称呼，如您的孙子、您的侄子等，后边写名字，不必写姓。写给老师则要写上“您的学生”，空一格写上自己的.姓名。日期只要写在署名下边即可。
如果忘了写某事，则可以在日期下空一行、再空两格写上“又附”，再另起行书写未尽事宜。
（例文）
小溪姐姐：
你好！
现在已经到了冬季，咱们的家乡又变成了银色的世界。加拿大那里的气候怎么样？也很冷吗？听妈妈说，你下个月就要回国了，到时请你一定到我家来，好吗？
我还在绘画班学习呢。前几天，我的一幅画在“中美少年儿童环境美术书法摄影比赛”中得了一块银牌，为学校争了光。颁奖会上，校长亲手把银牌挂在我的脖子上，别提我多高兴了。
我每天都要拉小提琴，老师说我还行，有进步。我现在已对小提琴入了迷，我决心成为一名合格的小提琴手。
以上说的是我的成绩。我还有些不足之处，比如说英语，我的口语总是不好。如果你下个月能回来，好好教教我那该多好啊！好了，就谈到这吧。盼你早点回来。
此致
敬礼
你的表弟：张钊
20xx年11月29日
中考2018英语作文素材【二】
汉末，黄巾事起，天下大乱，曹操坐据朝廷，孙权拥兵东吴，汉宗室豫州牧刘备听徐庶(三国时豫州长社人，为著名谋土和司马徽(三国时豫洲阳翟人，也是著名谋士说诸葛亮很有学识，又有才能，就和关羽、张飞带着礼物到隆中(现今湖北襄阳县卧龙岗去请诸葛亮出来帮助他替国家做事。恰巧诸葛亮这天出去了，刘备只得失望地转回去。不久，刘备又和关羽、张飞冒看大风雪第二次去请。不料诸葛亮又出外闲游去了。张飞本不愿意再来，见诸葛亮不在家，就催着要回去。刘备只得留下一封信，表达自己对诸葛亮的敬佩和请他出来帮助自己挽救国家危险局面的意思。
过了一些时候，刘备吃了三天素，准备再去请诸葛亮。关羽说诸葛亮也许是徒有一个虚名，未必有真此才实学，不用去了。张飞却主张由他一个人去叫，如他不来，就用绳子把地捆来。刘备把张飞责备了一顿，又和他俩第三次访诸葛亮。到时，诸葛亮正在睡觉。刘备不敢惊动他，一直站到诸葛亮自己醒来，才彼此坐下谈话。
诸葛亮见到刘备有志替国家做事，而且诚恳地请他帮助，就出来全力帮助刘备建立蜀汉皇朝。三国演义把刘备三次亲自敦请诸葛亮的这件事情，叫做三顾茅庐。成语三顾茅庐由此而来，比喻访贤求才，真心诚意地邀请别人。
中考2018英语作文素材【三】
1。 头绪分明，脉络清楚
写好记叙文，首先要头绪分明，脉络清楚，明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析，弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程，然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”，但动笔之前，围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心，详略得当
在文章的框架确定后，对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍，应该从表现文章主题的需要出发，分清主次，定好详略。要突出重点，详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节，略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化，使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题，也需要一定的技巧。如：
One night a man came to our house and told me， "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family， I saw the faces of those little children disfigured （破坏外貌） by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces， just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two， and went out， carrying half the rice。 When she came back， I asked her， "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer， "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言，准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动，又要表现力强，这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动，其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文：
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then， two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money， but they didn＇t take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后：
The other day， five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time， he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home， he started and crying。 Just then， two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy， why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom， I go home。" said the boy， still crying。
"Don＇t worry， we＇ll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy＇s house。 With the help of a policeman， they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound， she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully， she offered them some money， saying it was a way to express her thanks， but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
中考2018英语作文素材【四】
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
中考2018英语作文素材【五】
导入：
第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句，承上启下
正文：
第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论：
第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段，构成"总—分—总"结构
中考2018英语作文素材【六】
导入：
第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文：
第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论：
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
中考2018英语作文素材【七】
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者，使人到真实可信，如身临其境。如：
The other day， I was driving along the street。 Suddenly， a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述，优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制，而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者，直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前，文章的客观性很强。如：
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella， for it was raining hard。 On the way， he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her， but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中，记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高，且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的'，这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化，正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙，都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作，较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙，读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果，让所叙之事跌宕起伏，使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃，从而为文章所吸引，深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当，则容易弄巧成拙，使文章结构散乱，头绪不清，让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如：
In my summer holidays， I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework， reading an English novel， watching TV and doing some housework， I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach， the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while， a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red， not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea， just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述，可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态，使记叙生动、有趣，使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果：
I was in the kitchen， and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字，但经作者这么一写，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式，没有人物语言，把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整：
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door， I asked， "Who?" No reply。 After a while， I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It＇s you。" I said， quite released。
