1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
“防空”这一词在我的意识中从未接触过,也不知道它的重要性。因为从小生活在安定的年代里,没有战乱,不曾艰苦,所以不能防空的重要性。可当我读完《人民防空》这本书后,才感悟到:哦!原来防空是那么重要,它象征着一个国家的强盛,捍卫着一个国家的尊严。
顾名思义,人命防空是指让人民群众一起防备敌人空袭和消除空袭的行动,被简称为人防。而民防就是把民众参与实施的战时防空与平时救灾结合,成为民防。人防和民防都是我国国防的核心部分,是促进现代建设发展的重要因素,更是让全民一起来参与的重要事业。因为防空是一项需要时刻准备的任务,所以“长期准备、重点建设、平战结合”是人民防空的三点工程。
在我国《人民防空条例》中规定,人民防空的任务是:根据现代战争特点,动员和组织人民群众采取防护措施,与敌人的空中袭击作斗争,保护人民生命安全,避免或减少国民经济损失,保存战争潜力。人民防空是必须贯彻执行:“全面规划,突出重点,平战结合,质量第一”的建设方针。可见,人民防空是被我国极度重视的一项实施方案,人民防空能为我国人民带来安宁与和平。
人民防空是一项长期的战备任务,因为只要帝国主义和霸权主义仍在,战危就一直不会散去。所以我们不能让现在的片刻安宁麻痹了我们的思维,人民备战也就不能停止。由于现代科学技术的发展,武器的***伤力也越来越大,在未来的战争中对居民造成的伤害也必然越来越大。因此,在现代战争的条件下,加强人民防空的建设是当今核时代的需要,它具有着重要的战略意义。所以我们要居安思危,有备无患。
现在,我相信,只要配合国家人民防空建设。在不久的将来,我们的祖国一定是最强大的`。我们不能忘记抗日战争时的耻辱玉血泪,那是我们血的代价,是我们用血肉之躯重塑新中国时的艰难与险阻。现在,我们应居安思危,好好的为国家的将来做好一切准备,这样才会有备无患。
合上书本,“人民防空”这四个大字早已深入我的内心,久久不能挥去。为了祖国的将来,为了走向世界的顶端,我们应该认真的读书,好好的做一名国家未来的小主人,我们还要不断创新,不断强健体魄,让我们的祖国屹立在世界的顶端。我坚信,人民防空将会越来越受广大群众所重视,祖国也会日益兴旺、发达。
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
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