认真地分析作品的词和曲,这是演唱好任何音乐作品都首先要做到的,但对演唱好艺术歌曲而言,我们还要对作品的时代背景、各作曲家的个人创作风格等进行全面的了解和研究。
1.要分析作品的时代背景
很多艺术歌曲都带有浓郁的时代特色,饱含丰富的时代气息,可以说,一首优秀的艺术歌曲,就是以音乐形式对那个时代精神的浓缩和凝结。古典主义音乐崇尚理性、重视规范、要求感情的节制和形式,古典时期的作品声音力度不是很大,强弱的幅度对比也不是很强烈……在浪漫主义时期,音乐就着重强调自我主观意识的表达,作品多以理想事物、古代神话传说和幻想故事为题材,强调音乐与、戏剧、绘画等其他艺术的结合,注重音乐的标题性和诗情画意,重视吸收民族民间音乐的素材体现民族性。
2.要分析作品的民族特色
世界上任何民族的音乐都有既明显又与众不同的特点。我们应该借助语言学、民族学、历史学和地理学等学科的科研支持,更好地分析和演绎不同国家、民族风格作品。德国艺术歌曲的演唱含蓄、内向、诗意,声音要求圆润、情绪变化幅度小,情感更加细腻,小动作多……意大利的艺术歌曲演唱就比较倾向于热情洋溢,大起大落,感情很外露夸张,因此,意大利风格的艺术歌曲演唱需要更多的热情浪漫,声音的变化和幅度可以强烈些。我国在二十世纪二三十年代的黄自为代表的艺术歌曲的风格内向、典雅、小巧精制、文人气比较浓。
3.要分析作品的创作风格
舒伯特和舒曼同为艺术歌曲大师,但是由于其生活的不同经历,形成了他们不同的音乐风格。舒曼多表现人的内心情节,很少表现对大自然的感情抒发,其对歌词的诠释分别放在了歌声与琴声中,有时甚至用琴声代替了歌声,伴奏和演唱都成为作曲家的创作手段;而舒伯特的艺术歌曲较多地表现对大自然的感悟,在其作品中,钢琴伴奏的地位有很大提高,但仍以歌唱为主。在我国的艺术歌曲作家中,黄自的作品风格精致、典雅,赵元任的作品简朴、醇厚等等。
艺术歌曲的“根”是个体精神层面的艺术表现,演唱者必须要有这样一个寻“根”的过程,力图去最好的表现他的精神内涵。
This is my first week in ** Senior Middle School.Everything here is new for me.Our school is an old school but it`s very beautiful.I have 50 new classmates in my class.They`re all very excellent, I think, and I felt a little sad.Because I`m too common.But come to think of it,it`s a very good thing.I believe I can also be very excellent if I study with such excellent classmates.I didn`t know why Ms *** chose me to be the committee of study.But I know it`s a good chance for me to raise my ability.All I can do is do my best in the future.I am sure that Ms *** and my classmates can help me when I do something wrong. Because they`re all very kind.It`s a pleasure to work and study with them.I`m really very happy.I`m not an outstanding student in this class,but I can do the same thing like others.I believe I won`t make anyone disappointed.
When I was a freshman in college I watched the film Gua Sha Treatment for the first time, now I am a junior student and I come back to review the movie from a multicultural aspect, I have many different feelings after watching the film again.
At the beginning of the film, XuDatong is given an award and later he delivers a speech. What makes me impressed most is in his speech he says “one day I will become one of you, a truly successful American, today this award proved that America is a true land of opportunity and I am the living proof of that.” At that moment Xu thinks he has realized his American Dream totally with his lovingly wife and adorable son. However, I think it is ironical that to make a speech like that and I assume it is made on purpose to hind a clue for the story\'s development. How many non—American people have such a beautiful American dream? One of my classmate studies in American now and before he went aboard he told me his American dream is he can stand at the top of the New York. To be honest, I also dream that one day I can get the Green Card living there happily and successfully maybe working at the Wall Street. When Xu gets the award he thinks he entirely melted in the melting pot neglecting the multicultural obstruct, later the plot goes against the way he thinks. And later Quinlan asked Xu\'why you be the scapegoat of your father?\' Xu answers \'because he is Chinese.\' Then maybe Xu knows that there is always a wide gap between Chinese and American cultures.
The second scene is Xu hit his son Denis because Denis hit the son of xu\'s boss, at the middle of the film xu tells his boss that he hit his own son is only to show his respect to his boss John Quinlan, that time Quinlan feels puzzled “what a Chinese logic”,yes, American can never understand such a logic full of Chinese characteristic, because they respect everyone including the children, they won\'t beat a child to please the boss, and there is no such a conception of degree between employee and employer, they feel everyone is equal, which is quite different from china.
Connected to the second scene, the third difference I want to analyze is the care for the children. In America, people pay more attention to the right of children which can be seen from the law—leaving children alone at home is illegal, while in China it is so common that almost everyone may experience such loneliness. And Children Welfare Agency does work in America which shows the importance Americans attach to children\'s right. What\'s more, I remember a line \'No one won the case, especially the child.\' In my opinion, it also manifests the universal concern from the American public to the children.
The fourth aspect is following the procedure, in the film, more than there times, the people focus on the rule, the law, the procedure. At the Christmas Eve Xu wants to return back to his home pretending as a Santa Claus, what a pity, the security recognizes him and persuades \'you are always a good tenement, never causes troubles for me.\' And another scene is at the end of the film , the judge says \'I have to follow the procedure.\' However, in China people always have to ask for a favor to do something, and later you have to pay back the favor,for myself, I prefer the American style, strict to the procedure.
The fifth and the last point is the humors, Quinlan says \'you can\'t fall, your health security is the company paid.\' \'Datong, welcome home, maybe next time, you can come from the front door.\' \'dady, why you come from the window\' \' because we don\'t have a chimney.\' I really adore this distinguished American humor, especially in dangerous situations, which is quite rare in China.
That\'s my whole reaction to Gua Sha Treatment.
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