这个游戏从表面上看只不过是一个报数的游戏,可是,它还有“陷阱”,规则有点复杂。“1-2”还是照常报数,,可是到“3”了却得报“4”,到“4”时却得报“3”,这就是“颠三倒四”,一不小心就会出错。到“7”时不能报数,得做动作,跳起来双手上举,“8”也不报数,做动作,跳起来双手下伸。到“10”了,还得双手抱肩,也不报数。报完“1-10”就重新开始,而且会改变方向。说错了的,还会吃“板粟”,被同学们打头,错了三次,就要被罚写一篇作文。
开始玩游戏了,第一轮就给了我沉重的打击,本应该报“4”的,我却条件反射般地报“3”,我真是太愚蠢了。我吃了同学们的不少“板粟”,真的是太令人尴尬了。一出错,我就更加紧张了,而且报了几轮后,难度又开始增加了,有顺时针和逆时针。结果,越紧张,越容易出错,我把顺时针和逆时针搞混了,旁边的同学双手抱肩后,我不知道是该我说“1”呢,还是他左边的.同学说“1”,我又呆了几秒,输了,又吃了不少“板粟”。这时,其他的同学可兴奋了,因为到目前为之,我已出错两次了,是最有可能被罚写的。第三次的时候,我小心翼翼地报着数,一圈报完了,我没出错,两圈下来了,我也没出错,我的脚下仿佛踩着一朵幸运的云,心情也轻松了一些了。可是难度又增加了,不仅顺时针、逆时针交替着报,而且还加上英文和中文交替着报。“1”、“2”、“4”、“3”,到我了,我却鬼使神差般地说了“FIVE”。我的妈呀,我又出错了。同学们大笑,整个教室都沉浸在欢笑着,只有我无比尴尬,我终究没有摆脱写作文的命运,我脚下的那朵幸运的云飘走了。还好,游戏接着进行,我想:下一个会是谁陪我写呢?有人作伴,总比只我一个人罚写要好。原来是朱博颖,她本该上举的结果做成了下伸,顺时针变逆时针的时候,她没反应过来,她已错两次了。这时,那些一次都没错的同学兴高采烈地手舞足蹈,朱博颖紧张得嘴唇咬着手指。“ONE”、“TWO”、“3”,到朱博颖了,她脱口而出说成了中文。她的脸顿时变得通红,她一共输了三次,也要被罚写了。这时,大家都松了一口气,我更是为朱博颖喝彩,我们是同病相怜了。
这就是《七上八下》的游戏,怎么样,想“七下八下”的心情,就来玩这个游戏吧。
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
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