好的文章动静结合、张弛有度有节奏感。句式也是一样,要有变化性,这不仅能使文章更生动,也是语言表达方式的需要和表达能力的体现。句式的`变化,主要是要注意两点:
● 不要从头至尾使用一种句型。
● 长短句结合。
由于语言功底的欠缺和惯用思维,很多人写的文章一种句式到头,如:
I think …
I hope…
He does it.
He will take it
这样的文章虽然意思表达出来了,却显得呆板,欠生动。解决的办法是:
1.间或使用主从复句。
Because he is very much determined, he will carry it out this time. (原因
比较:He is very much determined. He will carry it out this time.
2.使用分词结构句。
The weather being fine, a large number of people went sightseeing.
比较:The weather is fine. A large number of people went sightseeing.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
比较:Africa is the second largest continent. Its size is about three times that of China.
3.使用不定式句。
To be or not to be, that is a question. (莎士比亚
To study or not to study, that is much different.(引申
To do it well, you must plan it well.
比较:You want to do it well. And you must plan it well.
4.倒装句
Only when we fully recognize its importance can we have control of its essence.
比较:After we fully recognize its importance, we can have control of its essence.
No sooner had he arrived home than it began to rain.
比较:He arrived home. And it began to rain.
5.失衡句
whether or not he will come is still unknown to all the people present.
比较:No one present knows whether he will come or not.
That he has done it all by himself is known to everyone.
比较:Everyone knows that he has done it all by himself.
当然,句子并不是越长越好,也不是越复杂水平就越高。凡事皆有度。太多长句的堆砌让人觉得是买弄。有时侯,一个短小精辟的句子可以起到画龙点睛的作用。特别是在文末段尾。比如:
●As a creature, every one knows.
●Actions speak louder than words.
●Practice makes perfect.
一个好的主题句是文章成功的一半。不仅文章有主题,段落有纲,句也必有中心。文章失却主题,就会不知所云;落无纲,则一盘散沙,句缺中心,就无意义。所以,在立足于篇章时,一定要首先明确文的主题;在发展段落时,也要首先写好主题句。从PETS三的特点来考虑,主题句最好是置于文首或段首,这样让人一目了然! 以下就是两个实用的开门见山式发展主题句的方法。
●To begin with, we must attach the greatest importance possible to this issue/fact (key word.
●As is well known to all, it is now high time that we took this (topic word into serious consideration.
在我这里,见得敢多的鸟就是麻雀。无论春夏秋冬,都可以看到它的身影。
麻雀喜欢停在在电线杆上,一双红色的小爪子紧紧地抓住电线杆。它的颜色不太好看。从头上到尾部的羽毛全是谈黑色的,背部也一样。腹部的羽毛像谈灰色的衬衫。它小巧玲珑,一双明亮灵活的眼睛下面,长着一张又小又长的嘴。麻雀鸣声清脆,爱把巢搭在屋檐下。
虽然它的样子不好看,但它是一个捉害虫的能手,农民伯伯很喜欢它。我爱样子丑而勤劳的麻雀。
我外婆的家乡,可以说是桥之乡。那里,有许许多多的桥,不过那里的桥,不像我们现在城市里的桥一样,建造得那么精美,那么宏伟高大。
我外婆的家乡那里的桥,都是用竹板或石块构造成的,建造简单,但十分坚固。然而,每逢我去外婆家时,我都要在那边的桥上玩上好一段时间,不如说,让我天天玩,也不觉得厌烦。
一条条用竹木板做的桥,横跨在河岸上,河里则是有许多鱼儿在嬉戏。它们时而跳出水面,好像在向从桥上经过的人们问个好,打个招呼;它们时而在吐泡泡,好像正在为水面增添几分色彩:它们时而在水中,跳起那它们独有的舞蹈,那优美的舞姿,使从桥上经过的人们,没有一个不感到赞叹!
那澄清澄清的河水,清得可以看见河中沙石的水。给周围的坏境增添了一种不同寻常的色彩,也足画一般的美景中不可缺少的重要一部分。
河边的杨柳就如淑女一般。常常捧着那面大镜子,不肯放手——梳着自己那又长又美的长发。一阵风吹过,那长长的头发随风飘了起来,柳树姑娘们,好像正在得意的展现自己的美。“你比我美,我比你美。”大家都陶醉在一片欢笑中┅┅
这么热闹的场面,当热缺少不了,鸟儿们那优美动听的歌喉,清爽而又干脆的歌声迎面送来,好像在为这么美的村子增添一种诗情画意般的美。让那些每天辛勤劳动的村民们,得以精神上的休息……
如画般美的地方呈现在我们眼前,但又如此艰辛,劳作的画面也出现在我的眼前。
美,辛苦。这正是这么辛勤劳作换来美的成果……
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