To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界,
一花一天堂,
手中即无限,
永恒亦短暂。
四级英语很快就要到来了,英语是占据重要的部分,快来看看下面的范文及写作指导吧。
下面请看一篇漫画式命题的作文预测题:
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should express your views on the impact of air pollution. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
【参考模板范文】
The Impact of Air Pollution
The cartoon vividly reveals the phenomenon of air pollution or the decline of air quality. In the cartoon we can see the air pollution is so serious that the earth can't bear it.
What exactly contribute to this phenomenon? Possible reasons can be listed as follows: firstly, vehicle exhaust gases could be one of the most leading causes. With the improvement of economy and people's living standard, urban inhabitants in mounting numbers own their private cars. More automobiles will inevitably generate more exhaust gases. Additionally, household appliances widely used in cities also release a great amount of carbon dioxide gases, which further intensifies air pollution. Last but not least, many factories around the cities emit large quantities of untreated poisonous gases, which should also be responsible for the decline of air quality.
Definitely, air pollution will exert a detrimental impact on many aspects of people's life. For example, many diseases such as cough, skin problem and lung cancer are caused by it. Perhaps it is high time that we should adopt some measures to solve the problem of air pollution.
英语漫画作文写作指导
第一、读图审题
四级漫画作文中的漫画通常反映一个社会现象或生活哲理,要求考生根据自己对漫画的理解来写作。因此,要写好四级漫画作文,审题格外重要。考生在下笔之前要仔细看漫画,弄清漫画的寓意,这是文章切题的保证。此外,在本次四级考试的三道写作题中,Directions部分都给出了写作内容的大致方向,这也为考生把握漫画寓意提供了帮助。下面笔者就来逐一梳理2013年6月四级作文的三幅漫画及其传达的寓意。
第二、谋篇布局
在把握文章的主旨之后,考生就可以构思整篇文章的架构了。四级漫画作文的写作可以分为下面三个段落。
第一段:开门见山,简要描述一下漫画内容,并指出漫画的寓意。描述漫画内容是为了揭示其中的寓意,是手段而不是目的,所以描述要简洁明快,一般来说一句话足矣。需要提醒考生的是,写作的Directions部分虽然给出了大致的写作主题,但是也要求考生对漫画进行简要描述,因此考生切不可抛开漫画内容直接展开议论。
第二段:表达考生对漫画寓意的看法,这是文章的重心所在。比如,就第一道写作题目而言,考生应在第二段阐述阅读文学作品的重要性;就第二道写作题目而言,考生应在第二段论述为什么凡事必须从小事做起;就第三道写作题目而言,考生应在第二段论述掌握基本技能的重要性。
第三段:指出漫画的寓意对大学生的教育意义,或者提出解决问题的建议。考生需要注意的是,结尾段一般并不需要实质性的分析,其主要作用是总结和升华,使文章结构完整。所以结尾段的写作要简明扼要,点到即止。
第三、论证方法
漫画作文的\'第二段要表达考生对漫画寓意的看法,这是文章的核心段落,也是作文字数达到要求的关键。因此,考生在这一段要浓墨重彩,写深、写透。在写这一段时,考生要尽量摆事实、讲道理,避免空泛的议论。针对这一核心段落,笔者在此推荐以下三种展开议论的常用方法,希望对考生有所启发。
1.条分缕析
在写作第二段时,考生可以从2~3个方面对观点展开论述,这种写法可使文章显得层次清楚、条理清晰。例如,本次四级作文第一道题目的第二段需要阐述阅读文学作品的重要性,考生就可以从以下两个方面展开:第一,相对于电子媒体,文学阅读更能培养人的想象力;第二,阅读文学作品能够帮助我们更好地了解社会。请参考下面的范文。
There wasa time when children could relish (欣赏/ 也可以使用appreciate 替换 literature. But childrentoday can enjoy the sounds and action on a TV or computer screen. “So why bother reading?” some ask. The reasonis obvious: It enriches our imagination. When we read apiece of literature, we are living the life of RobinHood or starting an adventure with Tom Sawyer. In addition, literature is the mirror of society,whether it be poetry, drama or fiction. We know thesociety better through literature.
2.举例论证
如果漫画所传达的是抽象的人生哲理,那么考生在论述时最好能举出具体的事例,尽量避免空洞的说教。比如,就本次四级作文第二道题目而言,考生可以在第二段中举出一些成功人士如何从小事做起的例子。笔者下面提供的范文中用到的是哈兰·桑德斯上校从一个小吃店做起,最后缔造出遍布全球的肯德基快餐帝国的例子,用以证明只有从小事做起,才能成就大事。请看下面的范文。
Everything is smallbefore it is big. A good example is KFC. In 1930 Colonel Harland Sanders beganserving food to his service station customers in Corbin, a city in Kentucky. He fried chicken in his own kitchen andperfected his secret recipe there. From the small roadside eatery, he went on to build an empire of fast food.
3.类比论证
如果漫画中的寓意不容易通过具体的事例来证明,那么考生还可以使用类比论证的方法,即通过打比方来论证一个抽象的道理。比如,对于本次四级作文的第三道题目,考生可以在第二段中用学习打篮球的过程来打比方。学习打篮球时,只有先学会了投球、运球、传球这些基本技能,才能进一步学习高难度的技能。以此类推,无论做任何事情,只有掌握了基本的技能,才可能取得更大的成功。此外,考生还可以举出统计数字,用具体的研究结果来证明论点。请看下面的范文。
Simple as they mayseem, basic skills serve as the first link in the chain of success. Thisis analogous to learning to play basketball. If shooting, dribbling and passing are not mastered,learning advanced skills will become difficult, if notimpossible. A growing body of research has also documented that such basicskills as reading, writing and computing are highlycorrelated with success later in life. A 2012 study surveyed 300 CEOs ofFortune 500 companies and found that 87% attributed part of their success tothe basic skills they learned in primary school.
这一天,我在家里诵读了《中华诵经典诵读》这本书。其中,“三人行,必有我师焉”这句让我受益匪浅的诗句,就是出自于儒家的圣贤孔子之口。这句包含着一个哲理:“能者为师,虚心请教。”你见过高山吧?它是那样雄伟绵延!你见过大海吧?它是那样壮丽无边!山之高,是因为它不排斥每一块小石头;海之阔,是因为它聚集了千万条小溪流。如果你想具有高山的情怀和大海般渊博的知识,是否就应该善于从生活中寻找良师益友,吸收他人的点滴长处呢?这也是曹操的短歌行中的“山不厌高,水不厌深的哲理”啊!
“窈窕淑女,君子好逑。”这千古传诵的佳句,让我第一次认识《诗经》。“硕鼠硕鼠,无食我黍。”是人民不堪剥削压榨,忍无可忍,幻想投奔“乐土”的诗。诗人用诗的形式,抒写的却是他们并不平静的心灵。对爱的自主追求,对自由的渴望,对正义的崇奉……每一种感情都是如此的强烈,如此的真切;每一颗心都是如此的善良,如此的虔诚。阅读《诗经》,我看不到古时人们的闭塞,愚昧与保守,我看到的尽是爱,智慧,自然,希望与阳光。一切美好的词汇,美好的事物,美好的情感……充溢着每一首诗。那么和暧,那么执著,那么崇高,那么圣洁,每一首诗都是一首动听的歌,每一首诗都是一个真实的故事,每一首诗都拥有一个美丽而高尚的灵魂。
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
“读经典古诗文,做美少年君子”。多读古诗文能陶冶我们的情操,能丰富我们的知识,我爱读古诗文。
在中华民族五千年的灿烂文化中,精髓莫过于国学;在岁月的长河中,国学是华夏沃土灿若晨星的瑰宝。为了使我们感受到国学的博大精深,学校给我们每位同学送了一份“礼物”――一本《中华文化经典教育读本》。
六年级的《中华文化经典教育读本》主要收录了《新古文观止》和《古体诗词》中的名篇。其中我最喜欢的莫过于北宋周敦颐的《爱莲说》。
《爱莲说》主要表达了作者无意于隐逸,也不贪图荣华富贵,志在坚贞不渝地保持君子的操守,既抒发了感情,又讽刺了世态。
当我读到“予谓菊,花之隐逸者也;牡丹,花之富贵者也;莲,花之君子者也”时,我可以感受到作者不赞同当一个用隐逸来逃避社会责任的隐士,也不赞同当一个贪图荣华富贵的世俗小人,作者只想当一个正直、清高的君子。
当我读到“噫!菊之爱,陶后鲜有闻;莲之爱,同予者何人?牡丹之爱,宜乎众矣!”时,我可以感受到在这个社会上大多数人都贪图荣华富贵,只有少数像周敦颐那样的人,“出淤泥而不染”,不阿世俗。贪图荣华富贵的人,就是喜欢“牡丹”的人,他们为了名利,成了世俗之人。而像周敦颐那样的人,即为“爱莲者”,他们为人洒脱,仙风道骨,多数都是思想家、理学家,他们为世俗者所不能了解,算是人群中的圣人,这多么可叹啊!
《中华文化经典教育读本》中像《爱莲说》这样的名篇比比皆是,这些名篇潜移默化使人变得知书达理、善良聪慧和乐观坚定。《中华文化经典教育读本》,当之无愧的经典阅读。
从品读学习中我知道了做人的尊严、人格的力量。感谢《中华文化经典教育读本》,因为有了它,让我的生活不再单调乏味,让我的心灵受到洗礼,它真是一碗“心灵鸡汤”!
中华文化是中华民族生生不息,团结奋进的不竭动力,而中华文化的传播媒介丰富,尤其在书中到处能看到中华文化的缩影。
文体中涵中华文化。从古代到近代的中国文学著作,其文体大多为文言文形式,而这种形式至今仍被人们关注。文言文的文章在教材中增多,而文言文也成为了一个人语文水平的重要方面。书的这一文体,包含着深厚的中华文化,无论是《论语》、《史记》还是《红楼梦》、《聊斋志异》都从中渗透出一股源远流长的文化精髓。诗歌也是一个很平常的文体,但中国的古诗另有一番文化的内涵。无论是《诗经》、《楚辞》中的古体诗,还是《唐诗三百首》中的近体诗,都有一股浓浓的中国味道,文化也随之展现于世人眼前。中国的文体多样,在书中,则能尽收眼底,从书中,使人不禁感受到“中华文化”的博大精深。
书中艺术涵中华文化。艺术是一个反映文化的重要方式,而其载体之一,就是书。《天工开物》,让人感叹年味的美妙;《衣装秘语》揭开了中国装饰的奥妙。也许,在这些书中,艺术是主体,但不可否认的是,中华文化暗藏其中,工艺美术是中华文化,年画是中华文化,服饰也是中华文化。不久前,听到一则新闻:一位上海女士,想将其设计的旗袍以及旗袍表演团队带到欧洲、美洲等地区。但她没有考虑到旗袍早已在世界各地传播,唐人街上到处可以看到穿旗袍的蓝眼睛金发女郎。而这一切不仅在于海外华侨的贡献,更多的在于书的作用。书的传播使中华文化的传播更进一步,而中华文化的艺术魅力也会永藏于书中。
文化人传播中华文化。读到文化人,很容易使人联想到中国历史上许多有名的诗人作家。从《小说老子》、《说李白》到《鲁迅评传》、《余秋雨人生哲言》都可领略一代代文化人所折射出的中华文化。人是一个国家的代表,璀璨的中华文化也像这些文化人一样不断发展完善。
中华文化,一个底蕴深厚的`名词,而从书中,我们可以不断吸取文化的养料,懂得以中华民族传统文化修养自己,增强中华文化的认同感,建设中华民族共有的精神家园。从书中,我们感受中华文化,我们理解中华文化,我们为中华文化而自豪。
© 2022 xuexicn.net,All Rights Reserved.