为使必修教材更好地适应课堂教学实际,教材内容按照学生的认知规律和“最近发展区”教育理论进行设计。引领学生积极地参与技术学习和设计活动,转变学习方式,让他们自主地建构技术的基本知识和基本方法。
在每节课前认真研读学习目标,指引学生把握学习方向,掌握需要达到的最低学习要求。生动而简洁的导入学习主题内容,通过案例分析、讨论、思考或辩论等栏目,创设学习情境,搭建一个师生间、学生间可以互动的平台。引导学生去理解、分析主题内容,并在理解的'基础上自主地建构技术知识,“同化”学习内容,通过练习中的“做中学”的方式动手实践,实现从“无形”到“有形”的转变,进一步的“消化”和巩固。在每章的最后,通过综合实践活动,将学到的知识、技能、方法综合化,并拓展和延伸,使学生学到的知识、方法、技能“综合化”,实现“顺应”。
同时,教学内容中的实例、设计和项目都应紧贴学生的生活实际,如教材中以每家每户都使用的灯具作为横贯教材的前后内容的一个主要教学载体。由于灯具已经为学生熟悉,所以在教师的引领下,学生可以从现有水平比较容易地完成一个设计任务,达到一个解决设计问题的新水平。
技術试验在《通用技术课程标准》中占据了重要地位,这是因为它是一种重要的技术方法并具有巨大的教育价值。技术试验除了对技术活动本身具有不可缺少的重要价值外,还存在不可忽视的巨大教育价值。发掘技术试验活动的教育价值,是落实和实现通用技术中情感、态度和价值观目标的重要方面。
技术试验在教材中占有了相当重要的地位,教材中为此专门设置了“技术试验及其方法”一节和众多的“试验栏目”。通过学生经历这些试验活动,参与动手实践,培养他们的不断探究精神,体验解决技术问题的艰辛和感受获得成功的愉悦,养成百折不挠的意志和品质,培养实事求是、精益求精的态度。
在技术试验教学过程中,首先要激发学生对技术的好奇、爱好和追求,勇于不断提出“为什么”、“做什么”、“怎么做”,学生才能积极而主动地参与到技术试验活动中。要明确试验的目的和要求,了解试验的基本步骤,提醒学生在试验过程中要主动地进行观察。最后,要求学生以实事求是的态度写出简单的技术测试和技术试验报告。
在教学中,如何对待学生的试验失败、如何评价试验失败,成为教学中经常碰到的问题。要认识技术试验失败经常可能发生,引导学生认真分析试验中的失败原因,从中吸取教训,增长知识和技能,使其成为成功之母,并经历失败的磨练,培养良好的意志和品质。
初稿
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money -it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to to life than just money -it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
自评
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to life than just money it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
评分:23
互评(刘兴顺评)
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to life than just money -it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
评分:23
互评(战越评)
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to life than just money -it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
评分:
互评(李春霞评)
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to life than just money -it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
评分:
利用教材的开放性、选择性和丰富性,提高教学的适应性。教材中开辟了丰富的阅读、链接等栏目,设计的不同教学案例,提供的多种设计项目,编制的学生可以挑选的练习题和综合实践活动题,设置的“留白”和开放性问题等,增加了教材内容的丰富性、选择性和开放性,提升了教学的适应性。在教学过程中,教师和学生可根据当地资源的实际情况对教材正文之外的内容进行适当的选择和整合。此外,教师要成为教材的建设者,开发适合教学实际的富有地区特色和地方特点的案例或练习。
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