1。hereby
该词意为by means of , by reason of this, by this agreement,“特此”,“因此”,“兹”,“在此”。此词常用作法律、经贸文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语,在合同条款中需特别强调时也可用,表示当事人借此合约,要宣示某种具有法律效力的“意思表示”,如保证、同意、放弃权利等,一般放于主语后,紧邻主语。如:The Company hereby covenants and warrants that…… 意为:By this agreement the Company covenants and warrants that……即:公司在此保证……再如:Both parties hereby agree that……意为:By this agreement both parties agree that……即:双方当事人在此同意……
2。hereof
该词意为:of this agreement,“关于此点”;“在本文件中”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:to take effect on the date hereof 意为:to take effect on the date of this agreement 即:于本合约之日期生效。再如:the headings of the sections hereof 意为:the headings of the sections of this agreement 即:本合约各条款之标题。
3。hereto
该词意为:to this agreement,“至此”,“在此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的`名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:both parties hereto 意为both parties to this agreement,即本合约之当事人双方;items specified in Attachment I and hereto 意为:items specified in Attachment I to this agreement 即:本合约之附件I所列之各项。
4。herein
该词意为:in this agreement,“此中”,“于此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等,一般置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词。如:to file a suit in the court agreed to herein 意为:to file a suit in the court agreed to in this agreement 即:向当事人于本合约中同意管辖的法院提起诉讼;再如:to follow the terms and conditions herein 意为:to follow the terms and conditions in this agreement,即:遵守本合约所规定的条件。
5。hereinafter
该词意为:later in the same Contract,“以下”,“在下文”,一般与to be referred to as, referred to as, called 等词组连用,以避免重复。
6。hereunder
该词意为:under this agreement,“在本合约内”、“依据本合约”。如:obligations hereunder,意为obligations under this agreement,即“本合约内的义务”。再如:rights granted hereunder,意为rights granted under this agreement,即“依本合约所赋予的权利”。
Since the 1970s, with the worsening oil crisis, the major businesses in the automotive internal combustion engine as much as possible to reduce the car's fuel consumption, while sparing no effort in the development of hybrid vehicles and new energy vehicles. There are hybrid gas-electric hybrid and mixed fuel in two forms, both in the car body design is no different with the traditional internal combustion engine vehicles, the future trend is nothing more than a continuation of current trends, efforts to reduce the drag coefficient, reducing weight while increasing strength and stiffness and so on.
Hybrid vehicle technology only in the product over, to really new energy vehicles, preparatory and experimental products, the ultimate trend or completely replace the existing traditional energy vehicles by the new energy vehicles.
1。thereof
以”there”为前缀加上介词构成的词,如thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith等,在文中具体指什么,需要读者依照合同的上下文来判断,因而理解起来比较复杂,请看下例:
This Agreement is written in the English language。 In case of any discrepancy between the English version and any translation thereof, the English text shall govern。 句中”the English version and any translation thereof”从上下文判断意为 “the English version and any translation of the English version”,即thereof一词代替of the English version。与以here开头的词如hereof的理解方法类似。
2。therein
该词意为in that, in that particular
context, in that respect,“在那里”,“在那点上”,“在那方面”,表示上文已提及的“合同中的”“工程中的”。如:the contract or any part thereof意为the contract or any part of the contract,合同或合同的任何部分。
3。thereto
该词意为:to that,“随附”,“附之”,如:“Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto。 句中or developments with respect thereto 意为:or developments with respect to the developments。
4。thereunder
该词意为:under that, “在其下”,“依照”,如:The Borrower fails to pay any amount payable thereunder as and when such amount shall become payable。 句中any amount payable thereunder意为any amount payable under the contract。
By the time you read this you will be 30. At the age of 18 I had so many hopes and dreams about where you'd be, what you'd be doing and with whom you'd spend your life with.
Right now I hope that you have traveled and seen everything you've always wanted to, both in Canada and overseas, and maybe even settled down somewhere in Australia doing some research in the field of biology (genetics.
I hope you're married to the man of your dreams. The man of mine is Gwynn. He is originally from South Africa (another place I wish to visit.
You'll probably have two children of your own – a girl(Michaela Anne and a boy (name yet to be decided.If everything goes according to plan you'll be living in Australia in a big house in a small town outside of a big city with a lot of land, a dog, Gwynn and your two beautiful children. Hopefully you have a career in the medical field, maybe doing research in genetics. Gwynn will be a computer programmer and you will be doing alright for yourselves.
However, if things don't go according to plan for you, I wish you all the love, happiness and joy in the world and don't settle for anything less than the best since that is absolutely what you deserve.
Live long, be happy and live life to it's fullest.
Love Sherri "18″
1、如果眼泪可以换成亲人的长命百岁,我愿用这轮回的生生世世所有的眼泪,去换取她的长命百岁!可是这只是幻想幻想而已!不要在胡思乱想了,人生总会与世分别的那一天,只是或早或晚,我努力的安慰自己,使自己心里平静下来!
2、风,悄悄的,把美梦埋葬,枕着一缕馨香恬然入眠。一份无法抑止的忧伤,一份永远痴缠的记忆,翻开一生的惆怅,那些遥远的往事,重复着久违难忘的铭心。蓦然回首,却恍若隔世!
3、有时候,无所事事的时候,凝望远方,看着那参差不齐的屋顶,红砖黑瓦,看着那电线杆上站着的几只麻雀,看着那在冬日里依旧挺立的青松,突然发现,生活亦是这般美好,也只有在静静凝望的时候才能品味出这种意境吧。
4、有家的人真幸福!没家的人很可怜!有了家,我们就有了依靠,因为家有我们的父母,再大的困难,他们也用自己的身躯为我们挡着o在这充满爱的家,我家是心灵的依存,唤着浪子回头,载着游子思念家的赤红的心。
5、母亲象一堵墙,挡住了烈日,遮住了风雨,让我们这些不禁风雨的小树苗能茁壮成长。母亲象慈祥的鸟妈妈,每天都用充满爱的翅膀,抚摸着我们这些雏鹰。鼓励我们去搏击万里长空。母亲像土壤、像水分、像阳光,让我们着些还不成熟的种子能健康快乐的成长。
6、风筝,飞得很高。却,被那一细线牵扯着,怎么能算是飞翔呢。也许,细线是一种保护,但青春就是这么一回事,勇敢的去拼搏,得到的会更多的。手握阳光的我们,怎样去放飞它呢?
7、你的勇气是一堵墙。这是青春给你的激情,是你生存于世间宝贵的动力。世界对你而言是一片空白,你可以用自己行动的画笔,重重的去描绘。你会遇到很多困难,同时要会总结经验,培养自己的信心。
8、人生是美好的,因为我们可以从中悟出很多道理。我的人生,我自己走,我的命运,我自己掌握,我一定会通过自己让我的人生更加精彩,更加美好!
9、友谊就像是一朵永不凋零的花,开放着我们青春奔放的热情,它宣告着少年一切美好的感情,就像我与她一样,在互相信任的基础上开出了一朵无言的花。曾经播下的中子,是否已经结出了友谊的瓜果?在喧闹中,我聆听岁月静好,与朋友一起度过的日子,就算是哭也是开心的。
10、人生,好比山岭,有起有伏,有平有坦,人生,好比打破的五色瓶,有酸。甜、苦、辣、咸。我们的人生只有在磨难中品尝甘甜,在困难中获的经验,在拼搏中得到喜悦,这样,我们的人生才会更加美好!
11、每一份感情都很美,美得让人心痛,每一程相伴都温馨,温馨得令人陶醉,让我更加留恋,其实人生很无奈,留一丝的遗憾,一丝伤感,也许有回忆的人生才完美。放手也是一种美!
12、勇敢,是人类进步的阶梯,每一个人都会有自己所惧怕的事情或物品,每一个人也还会有极限,所谓极限,其实是我们以胆怯为名,给自己限定了一个高度,认为自己不可能突破这个高度!
13、望断几世凡尘,挥洒丹青不悔。忧柔的情思,揉入幽韵的诗情画意,一双似水的娇眸,染红了痴守三生三世的唇,玲珑的瘦影,用纤指挑拨着缱绻的弦音,心酸了前世今生的眷恋。
14、一袭思念的霓裳,起舞在婉约的宋风里,诉着一腔的细腻思情。古韵声声,缠绵着心中不灭的梦魂。满眼忧伤的风尘,、在你走过的浸满离愁的尘世,遗落一地哀戚的痕迹。世间的繁花似锦,毫不留情的在年华的窗幔上,投下一片斑驳的剪影。
15、心里的苦,谁也不会懂得,在微笑的背后有说不出的委屈。这只能自己默默的承受这一切,眼泪却不知不觉的滑落在脸颊,有的人却永远也不会重现,而记忆里的画面却一幕幕重现在脑海,而那种幸福的味道,确只能在追忆里品味!伪装的外表,内心的疼痛,却无法掩饰眼里的悲伤!
16、生命是如此的短暂,我们要抓住生命的真谛,理解生命的意义,诠释生命的勇气,永远都不能轻易的放弃!生命不再与活的长短,而要看活得是否有意义。理想,是生命中的一部分,实际行动才是理想的真谛,整天沉浸在幻想中也未必能成大器。需要的不仅是勇气,还有行动和信心。
17、痛过了,才会懂得如何保护自己,疯过了,才会懂得学会去冷静;傻过了,才会懂得潇洒去放手。在得失之间慢慢地认识自己,明白自己。其实生活并不需要无谓的执着,没有什么就真的不能割舍,没有谁离开谁活不成。懂得放手,生活会更容易。
18、青春岁月里,金钱我们可以不要,享受,我们可以舍弃,唯有宝贵的时光不可丢弃。我们脚下原本是遍地荆棘,没有我们辛勤开辟,就不会繁花似锦。
19、你的健康是一堵墙。这是青春给你的力量,是你生存于世间宝贵的风采。青春因此而充满活力,你可以努力开创你钟爱的事业。这世界很大,你可以把目光投向远处,然后执着踏上跋涉的征程。
20、在苦恼中成长,一切悲哀,如加以诗情和智慧去涂染,将都成为深深沉沉激动的美丽。那些关于成长的美好片段风串成一曲欢快的旋律,悬挂在心里,在怅忙的回忆中轻轻地吟唱着……
1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
City traffic is a big problem in some cities in the world, especially in big cities. To solve the problem, someone are in favor of developing buses as means of city traffic. Others are in favor of the subway. Between them,which is the better choice?
在世界上的一些城市中城市交通是一个大问题,尤其是大城市。为了解决这个问题,有人赞成发展公交车作为城市交通的方式。另一些人则赞成地铁。在它们之间,哪个是更好的`选择?
It is easier to take buses as means of city traffic than the subway trains because buses don't need special roads. But buses have also many disadvantages, some of which are very serious. They may cause louder noise and more traffic accidents. Buses give rise to serious air pollution and traffic jam. In order to stop what buses cause, a large amount of hand must be used to widen the roads. On the contrary, the subway train is of more advantages. Except the difficulty and high cost of building the subway, it is superior to the buses in many aspects.
公共汽车作为城市交通方式要比地铁容易,因为公共汽车不需要特别的道路。但是公交车也许多缺点,有些是非常严重的。他们可能会导致噪音和更多的交通事故。公共汽车也导致了严重的空气污染和交通堵塞。为了阻止公交车带来的后果,必须用大量的人力来拓宽道路。相反,地铁列车有着更多的优势。除了建设地铁的难度和高成本外,在许多方面它都优于公共汽车。
Taking the advantages and disadvantages together into consideration,I would be in favor of developing the subway train as soon as possible.
把优点和缺点一起考虑,我会赞成尽快发展地铁。
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