考查方式,在保留“选择、填空、简答、辨析”等传统题型的基础上,呈现出“多角度、有创意”的特点。主要有:
想象补写题。即通过想象,或再现情景,或推断故事发展,或揣摩人物语言等方式来考查阅读理解。它不仅要求考生能读懂原文,而且还要有一定的生活经验的积累和再现融合的能力。
理解评析题。这类题目主要考查阅读感受或评价的能力。它比传统的阅读理解题在能力层级上有所提升,不仅要求考生通过阅读知道是什么,还要知道为什么,并在此基础上发表自己的阅读见解,作出自己的评价。
体验感悟题。这类考题主要考查的是阅读体验,即人们所说的用“心”读书,读出“个性”。这是阅读的较高要求。一般说来,只有在读书的过程中将自己的生活、情感、想法等融进文本,才能从文本中获得自己所独有的启迪。
自主赏析题。这类考题是传统“赏析”类试题的进步,它是新课程理念“学生是学习和发展的主体”在考题中的具体体现。它往往在题干中只规定赏析的范围,至于具体的赏析对象则由考生根据自己的喜好来决定。这样有利于张扬同学们的阅读个性,有利于培养同学们的成就感,进而激发学习语文的兴趣。
情景设置题。这类考题往往借助选文中的某些情景,运用“换位”的方式来设问。它既是对考生选文理解能力和语言表达能力的考查,也是对考生生活素养的考查。
比较阅读题。这类考题在阅读试题中穿插阅读材料,一般用链接的方式,从两文的某一角度切入,设置一两个比较点,以考查考生对选文的感受、理解、欣赏和评价等能力。
读书方法题。这类考题是为了检验“过程与方法”课程目标的落实情况而出现的一种题型,它主要考查考生“自能读书”的能力。它考查的方式比较灵活,可以从整体阅读入手设题,如根据相关要求作“读书笔记”;可以从局部赏析设题,如要求对文中传神的词语、精彩的句子“作批注”;也可以就阅读积累设题,如按照要求制作“读书卡片”等。
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
Hi! Boys and girls! My name is kelly,I am 12 years old. I am a student. I study at XiShan Primary School.I am in Class 1,Grade 5.I have three good teachers. They are Mr Lai, Miss Huang and Miss Lu.
My chinese teacher is Miss Huang. She is beautiful. She wears glasses. She always helps us study and.Music is her favourite. Eevrybody likes her because she has a kind heart.
Miss Lu is our math teacher. She,s very active and smart. She has tress. She,s young and pretty. She,svery strict,but kind. Her class is so much fun.My favourite teacher is Mr Lai. He is our English teacher. He has two small eyes and big mouth. He wears a pair of glasses, too. Because he is a university student. He,s very humoar. He speaks English very well.we like him so much.They are my teachers. Do you like them?
Thank you
第一、了解记叙文的六"要素",即时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果,有些记叙文还要注意对环境的分析。分析清楚每个要素的作用,有助于从整体上把握文章的内容。
第二、分析掌握贯穿全文的线索。记叙文的线索主要有以下几种类型:以时间的推移和地点的转换为线索,以人物为线索,以事件为线索,以行踪为线索,以人物思想感情的变化或作者思想感情的变化为线索,等等。分析线索有助于把握行文的思路和全文的结构。
第三、弄清文章的记叙顺序。常见记叙顺序有三类:一是按时间顺序安排情节,包括顺叙、倒叙、插叙等;二是按空间顺序安排内容;三是按材料不同而分门别类叙述内容。分析记叙的顺序,可准确地把握文章的条理、层次,体会不同的叙述方式对表达文章中心的作用。
第四、了解记叙的人称。包括:第一人称;第二人称;第三人称。记叙文常见的人称是第一人称和第三人称,少数如书信、为了表达的特殊需要等情况下才使用第二人称。
第五、掌握记叙的中心和记叙的详略。与文章中心关系密切的内容是要详写的,相反,与文章中心有关系但关系不密切的是要略写的。
第六、分析描写的.作用。描写可分为人物描写和环境描写。人物描写的主要方法有肖像、语言、行动、心理、细节描写,还有正面描写和侧面描写。环境描写的主要方法有自然环境、社会环境描写。阅读记叙文要注意研究分析各种描写方法,并理解不同方法对不同主题的表达作用。特别要注意人物描写、景物描写对突出文章中心的作用,理解正面描写与侧面描写的作用,进而分析把握文章的写作特色。
第七、注意分析记叙文中的议论和抒情文字。议论和抒情均有直接与间接之分,它们都是记叙文中的关键部分,分析它们的作用对把握全文的中心大有助益。
第八、注意分析生动、有力的词语,品味记叙文的语言,特别要注意分析各种修辞手法的表达作用。
要求:1、主题明确。语言流畅。思路清晰。2、字数在100字以内。
思路点拨
写记叙文要按照事物发展的客观规律叙述,所叙述的内容要交代清楚,条理清晰,重点突出,主次分明,详略得当。
这篇文章也是记叙文,主人公应该用第三人称,时态以一般过去时为主。以主人公为中心线索,以一、两件事件为重点内事件为重点内容去组织材料,反映主人公的形象特征。整个内容情节要合情合理,有真实感,叙述时可按事情发展的顺序进行,同时加以点评。
参考范文
My Classmate
Liu Kai is my classmate. He is a good student and always ready to help others.
One day on his way to school, he saw a little girl crossing the road. A car was coming towards her quickly and the girl was too frightened to move. The car nearly hit her. Just then LiuKai rushed up to her and caught her by the arm. The little girl was saved. She told him where she lived, and he took her home. When LiuKai hurried into the classroom, the teacher had already begun his lesson. He told the teacher why he was late. He was then praised for what he had done.
My chinese teacher is Miss Huang. She is beautiful. She wears glasses. She always helps us study and.Music is her favourite. Eevrybody likes her because she has a kind heart.
Miss Lu is our math teacher. She,s very active and smart. She has tress. She,s young and pretty. She,svery strict,but kind. Her class is so much fun.My favourite teacher is Mr Lai. He is our English teacher. He has two small eyes and big mouth. He wears a pair of glasses, too. Because he is a university student. He,s very humoar. He speaks English very well.we like him so much.They are my teachers. Do you like them?
Thank you
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