1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
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你们好!
宁静的晴空在瞬间留下一道残阳般鲜红的血丝,那撕心裂肺腑的呼喊划破了四川人民心中的每一个憧憬之梦,就这样,一盏盏生命的灯火在废墟下永久熄灭
5月12日2点28分,我们正在欢声笑语中嬉戏,我们正在课堂里沐浴于书海,愉悦地捧起太阳的光泽而这时,脚下大地的震怒却毁灭了一切,不带走一丝回忆,不带走一滴憧憬,不带走一米灿烂消逝,沉沦,熄灭。
当执子之手,与子偕老的承诺化为乌有,当谁言寸草心,报得三春晖的立志成为泡影,当但愿人长久,千里共婵娟的祈祷成为余音,当牵手后必然是永久的别离时,花落了,叶残了,灯灭了
我没有看到他们对世界不公而产生的愤懑之情,我没有听到他们可怜巴巴的乞求声,我没有!他们依旧是光采的化身,他们依旧是执着的尊严,他们依旧是富裕安乐的四川!在这时,我想尽一份我的力量
爸、妈,我明白家里的状况,我明白门前的墙瓦该修一修,我明白母亲你省吃俭用为了支撑起这个贫困的屋脊。但是现在,有多少人住在没有屋檐的角落里,有多少人捂着残缺的.双腿说不疼,有多少人望着天空,裸露着自己冰凉的背脊,爸、妈,有人比我们现在更加需要帮助,请伸出我们的援手,送去一份温暖的慰问。
妈,还记得我那只大白猪罐吗?那里面是我从小到大你们为我攒下来的压岁钱,那是你们的血,那是你们的汗,但我请求你们,借借我,借借四川,借借那些孤苦伶仃的人们!我向你们承诺:我一定会好好学习,将自己的成果奉献给你们,回报给你们!也请你们相信,四川会好起来,四川会旺起来,四川人民不会忘记我们的爱!
爸,你不是喜欢大熊猫吗?可是它们生活在的四川——那个美丽清秀的熊猫故乡正等待我们的救援。爸,相信我,支持我,请为我而骄傲!
爸、妈,帮帮他们,帮帮四川,帮帮中国!那些天堂里灿烂的微笑会更加恬静安详,那些角落里的孩子们会更加憧憬,更加祈祷明天,祈祷美丽。
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