一个好的主题句是文章成功的一半。不仅文章有主题,段落有纲,句也必有中心。文章失却主题,就会不知所云;落无纲,则一盘散沙,句缺中心,就无意义。所以,在立足于篇章时,一定要首先明确文的主题;在发展段落时,也要首先写好主题句。从PETS三的特点来考虑,主题句最好是置于文首或段首,这样让人一目了然! 以下就是两个实用的开门见山式发展主题句的方法。
●To begin with, we must attach the greatest importance possible to this issue/fact (key word.
●As is well known to all, it is now high time that we took this (topic word into serious consideration.
好的文章动静结合、张弛有度有节奏感。句式也是一样,要有变化性,这不仅能使文章更生动,也是语言表达方式的需要和表达能力的体现。句式的`变化,主要是要注意两点:
● 不要从头至尾使用一种句型。
● 长短句结合。
由于语言功底的欠缺和惯用思维,很多人写的文章一种句式到头,如:
I think …
I hope…
He does it.
He will take it
这样的文章虽然意思表达出来了,却显得呆板,欠生动。解决的办法是:
1.间或使用主从复句。
Because he is very much determined, he will carry it out this time. (原因
比较:He is very much determined. He will carry it out this time.
2.使用分词结构句。
The weather being fine, a large number of people went sightseeing.
比较:The weather is fine. A large number of people went sightseeing.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
比较:Africa is the second largest continent. Its size is about three times that of China.
3.使用不定式句。
To be or not to be, that is a question. (莎士比亚
To study or not to study, that is much different.(引申
To do it well, you must plan it well.
比较:You want to do it well. And you must plan it well.
4.倒装句
Only when we fully recognize its importance can we have control of its essence.
比较:After we fully recognize its importance, we can have control of its essence.
No sooner had he arrived home than it began to rain.
比较:He arrived home. And it began to rain.
5.失衡句
whether or not he will come is still unknown to all the people present.
比较:No one present knows whether he will come or not.
That he has done it all by himself is known to everyone.
比较:Everyone knows that he has done it all by himself.
当然,句子并不是越长越好,也不是越复杂水平就越高。凡事皆有度。太多长句的堆砌让人觉得是买弄。有时侯,一个短小精辟的句子可以起到画龙点睛的作用。特别是在文末段尾。比如:
●As a creature, every one knows.
●Actions speak louder than words.
●Practice makes perfect.
最近,湖南卫视又推出了一部真人秀:全员加速中。里面有很多明星,要依靠自己的智慧、运气、地理等等来逃避猎人的追捕,还要根据信息做任务。直白地说就是“高级版的猫捉老鼠”,我对里面的内容念念不忘,也好想亲身体验。
今天有一节体育课。老师集合完就直接解散了。
正愁着该怎么打发时间的时候,邓葉提出了个建议:“要不玩‘全员加速中’?”“真是个不错的提议!”同学们纷纷对此表示赞同。邓葉清了清嗓子,把目光投向五个男生,“好!你们五个当猎人。数完一分钟来抓捕我们。剩下的就抓紧时间躲藏逃避追捕!”
我们一窝蜂地往旧教学楼跑,有的躲进小卖部、有的躲进一楼、二楼、三楼,五花八门。我和邓葉、苏嘉棋来到了一楼与二楼楼梯的交界处,邓葉小声而迅速地说:“我去二楼看看,有猎人我会提醒!”邓葉才刚刚跨上2、3个台阶——张楚洋!——猎人!“快跑!是猎人”谁知道,苏嘉棋竟然没有反应过来,挡在了我前面,我大喊:“快让开!猎人!”等她反应过来,我急的快速冲下楼梯,因为雨水打湿了台阶,导致台阶非常湿滑,“啊!哎哟!”我脚下一滑,一屁股坐了下去,背部突然遭受撞击,我疼的流出了眼泪,但仍然没有忘记自己在干什么,仍然边擦眼泪边忍痛站起来,往前冲。猎人看到我摔倒大吃一惊,一时竟忘了抓捕,我侥幸逃过一劫。而苏嘉棋冲出去后遭到三个猎人的包围,被抓。我们玩得不亦乐乎,汗流浃背,谁也不愿停下。后来,是老师的哨子声才把我们唤回来。
我终于体验到了这游戏的刺激,这游戏的滋味让我流连忘返、恋恋不舍,下次一定还要玩!
每次玩“全员加速中”,我与好朋友李珂、金志洋都自告奋勇当猎人。由于别人都不愿意当猎人,所以我们三个顺利组成了一个“智慧猎人组合”。我们三个可都是分析高手,课外书读的也都多,什么三十六计、孙子兵法、文韬武略,这时我们全用上了。
我们兵分三路,先是给他们(加速队员)来个无中生有,假装追几步,造成一个虚假状态,让他们惊慌地往前跑,我们再绕道到他们逃跑时的必经之路以逸待劳,当他们跑来时,我们再将他们抓住。
除了直接抓捕,我们还会车轮战术,一个去追逐,另两个休息,当追的人没力气的时候,另一个再上,这样下来,加速队员累的气喘吁吁,我们再将他们抓捕。每次看到“监狱里”我们用计抓来的“辉煌战果”,以及几局下来唾手可得的胜利、加速队员们中计时的大惊失色。我们别提多开心了。
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