如何做好中国菜英语作文【一】
抄录原文读书笔记就是照抄书刊文献中与自己学习、研究有关的精彩语句、段落等作为日后应用的原始材料。摘抄原文要写上分类题目，在引文后面注明出处。
如何做好中国菜英语作文【二】
索引读书笔记是只记录文章的题目、出处的\'笔记。如书刊篇目名、编著者、出版年月日、藏书处。如果是书，要记册、章、节，如果是期刊，要记期号，报纸要记年月日和版面，以备日后查找方便。例如：庄照：《也谈为谁立传》，《光明日报·〈史学〉》
如何做好中国菜英语作文【三】
第二、把握记叙的线索和结构。阅读一篇文章，怎样迅速地找出其线索呢?首先要了解文章的体裁和内容、表现手法，再认真阅读全文；其次注意文章标题，不少文章标题就是线索。
记叙文的结构指什么呢?是指记叙文的具体内容的构成，即材料与材料之间的排列组合。它包括开头和结尾、过渡连贯和照应、段落与层次这些“零部件”，其中段落层次最重要。如何划分段落层次呢?其方法如后：① 按时间、空间的变化划分。随着时间的推移、地点的转换，文中的时间、地点的语言标志，就可以作为划分文章结构的主要依据。② 按人物、场景的变化划。③ 按选材角度的变化来划分。④按作者思想感情的发展变化来划分。当然划分记叙文的结构依据还有很多，但主要是以上四种。在划分时要综合考虑，把握文章的特点，理清文章的结构层次，进而把握文章的中心。
过渡是段落层次连接的桥梁，对语气的连贯、布局的缜密、转承的自然等都起着重要的作用。如何分析文章的过渡呢?首先要分析过渡的方法，了解过渡的规律。一般来说，过渡可以用词语、用句子、用段过渡。在记叙文中，过渡的\'主要作用是连接不同事件或不同场景；记叙、议论、抒情间的转换；转换不同的叙述方式。说明有关的记叙要素时，也需过渡。
至于“连贯”是指一段文字中句子与句子之间必须有紧密的联系，前后呼应，上下衔接，使语意贯通，形成有机整体。
另外要注意文中的交代照应。一种是文题照应，文章前有交代，后有照应，可使文章显得严密。
第三、记叙的中心、材料及详略。作者在生活中接触到许多人和事，有了体验，逐渐形成对生活一定的看法。这种看法通过记叙人和事体现出来，这就是记叙文章的中心意思。怎样提炼记叙文的中心思想呢?记叙文的中心意思是蕴涵在所记叙的人、事之中的，所以准确归纳记叙文中心意思的关键是正确理解文章的内容，具体的方法有这样几种：① 抓住文中直接告诉读者中心意思的语句。② 抓住文章开头、结尾段中提示中心意思的点题句、关键句，用适当的词语连贯起来。③ 还可以通过结构分析来归纳中心意思，把文章各部分的大意连贯起来，加以综合概括，然后指出作者借以表达的思想、感情、态度等。④ 还可从时代背景入手，好的文章都具有明显的时代烙印，能折射出特定时期特定的社会内容所包含的深刻含义。
多数记叙文不直接给出中心意思，需要读者自己分析概括。归纳中心意思时常常用“通过……表达……”的句式来表述。“通过……”就是要概括出文章所写的内容，语言要简明；“表达……”就是要总结出作者的立场、观点、感情等。当然，归纳中心意思不一定非用这种句式，但这种句式给我们提供了归纳中心意思的思路，值得我们借鉴。
阅读记叙文，要注意区分文章材料的详略，要注意把这些详写的或略写的材料同文章的中心意思联系起来进行阅读，这样才能对文章做到全面充分的理解。应该注意的是，略写的材料并非不重要，更不能缺少。如上面所引略写材料，没有它们，就破坏了叙事的完整性，当然要影响中心的表达。同时，这些略写的材料还具有突出详写的重点材料，使其能充分发挥表达中心的作用。
知识智囊：①记叙的六要素包括：人物、时间、地点、事情的起因、经过和结果。②记叙的线索包括：以时间、空间转移为线索；以人、事、物为线索；以思想感情的发展变化为线索。③记叙的顺序包括：顺叙、倒叙和插叙。④记叙的人称。包括：第一人称；第二人称；第三人称。
如何做好中国菜英语作文【四】
分析范文或优秀作文是我们学好写作的第一步。不要小看任何的优秀小短文，那其中一定有需要你掌握的内容。To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界，
一花一天堂，
手中即无限，
永恒亦短暂。
如何做好中国菜英语作文【五】
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先，提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段：提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段：正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段：摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次，提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性，连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity：段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛，也不可太具体，做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明，另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence：关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰，层层展开。
完整性(completeness：以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头，这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次，提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型：It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单，注意练习并接句的使用，会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as，如：
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头，句式简单，我们可以通过把since提前改变句式，如：
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后，提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法：millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论，辩论”的意思，而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.，相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略：使用最近所学的单词，如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后，我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文，以供参考：
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
