哈!一个五光十色的泡泡听说首府南宁要开南博会了,就赶忙来到南宁逛一逛。
泡泡一大早就动身了,还没等进城就看见一条宽阔的环城公路围绕着整个城市,象是一条缥缈的腰带。不一会他就来到了刚建好的河堤路。哇!河堤路真宽啊!共有六条车道呢,汽车在闪着亮光的沥青路面上穿梭行驶。路中间种满了各式花草。一排造型独特的路灯齐整地在花草中毅然挺立,延伸到远方。远望面,几条五颜六色的小船停歇在一条大船的旁边,真象一群孩子偎依着亲爱的妈妈。边,戴着黄色盔帽的.叔叔正在加紧修建葫芦顶大桥,不久邕的上空又将飞架一座漂亮的斜拉索桥。
泡泡看到这一切,不禁赞道:“南宁真美呀!”
指导教师:
孩子能用自己的眼光发现城市的变化,用心去体味劳动者的建设成果。文章简洁、流畅,透着一股自然风。
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
对于一个在海边住惯的人,像我,冬天要是风能小点,便觉得是一个奇迹。南宁的风并不在,在我看来,冬天能看到阳光也觉得是件怪事儿。
南宁的太阳就是那么可爱,像在与人玩捉迷藏似的,一会儿露出个影,让人个暖和暖和,一会儿又躲到云层里,使天空渐渐变暗,让出来晒太阳的人又躲回了屋子里。
树上的叶子似乎四季都是一个样。微风一吹,树叶沙沙作响,一点儿也不畏惧冬天还与冬天做朋友呢:风呼呼地吹着笛子,树叶左右、前后为风摇摆伴舞。冬天的叶子依旧是绿色的',绿得逼人的眼,迷得过路的行人也会时不时望向那深绿色的树叶。
南宁的冬天不会太冷,湖水自然也不会结冰,冬风时不时向湖面吹来,泛起层层涟漪,这天资娇景煞是动人,连湖边高傲的大树都不忍心浪费如此美丽的风景,偏要在水里照个影呢!如果你也在这儿欣赏,想必你也会为此陶醉的。
南宁到处驻扎着绿树,这一棵棵绿树穿插在肥沃的土地上,是当之无愧的绿城。布满绿树的南宁特别可爱,就像是给南宁穿了一件小棉袄,它们低声说道:“你们放心吧,这儿准保暖和!”
冬天虽然是寒冷的,但它也会让我们感受到温暖。
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成"总—分—总"结构
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
前几天,我和爸爸妈妈一起去了南宁,我们在那里呆了一天的时间。
早上的时候,我们去了青秀山。上山的路上,看到了一片又一片翠色(se)欲流的草地,一些树叶不时地在空中忽飞忽落。我们先去了一座观音庙,庙很大,也有很多人,到处弥漫着香薰的味道,我们进去拜了佛像,许下了心中的愿望,也看了一些经书,之后便离开了寺庙。我们继续沿着一段树荫小路往下山的方向走,沿途还有很多摆有小猴子造型的石凳子,他们一个个生龙活虎、栩栩如生,我还跟它们合了影。
傍晚,我们到南湖公园去散步。我们沿着湖边的小路,一边照相一边走,经过了一座很漂亮的桥,她不仅会向下喷水形成瀑布,还发出彩色游动的光线,十分的漂亮。
到了晚上,我们去中山路吃烧烤。这里可热闹了,人山人海的。在这儿,汇集了各式各样的摊点和烧烤品种,我们点了螺蛳粉、扇贝、豆腐、茄子……我觉得它们都十分的香甜可口,有一种吃完了还想吃的感觉。
我们虽然只在南宁呆了一天,但是过得非常充实、非常快乐。
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