一个好的主题句是文章成功的一半。不仅文章有主题,段落有纲,句也必有中心。文章失却主题,就会不知所云;落无纲,则一盘散沙,句缺中心,就无意义。所以,在立足于篇章时,一定要首先明确文的主题;在发展段落时,也要首先写好主题句。从PETS三的特点来考虑,主题句最好是置于文首或段首,这样让人一目了然! 以下就是两个实用的开门见山式发展主题句的方法。
●To begin with, we must attach the greatest importance possible to this issue/fact (key word.
●As is well known to all, it is now high time that we took this (topic word into serious consideration.
好的文章动静结合、张弛有度有节奏感。句式也是一样,要有变化性,这不仅能使文章更生动,也是语言表达方式的需要和表达能力的体现。句式的`变化,主要是要注意两点:
● 不要从头至尾使用一种句型。
● 长短句结合。
由于语言功底的欠缺和惯用思维,很多人写的文章一种句式到头,如:
I think …
I hope…
He does it.
He will take it
这样的文章虽然意思表达出来了,却显得呆板,欠生动。解决的办法是:
1.间或使用主从复句。
Because he is very much determined, he will carry it out this time. (原因
比较:He is very much determined. He will carry it out this time.
2.使用分词结构句。
The weather being fine, a large number of people went sightseeing.
比较:The weather is fine. A large number of people went sightseeing.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
比较:Africa is the second largest continent. Its size is about three times that of China.
3.使用不定式句。
To be or not to be, that is a question. (莎士比亚
To study or not to study, that is much different.(引申
To do it well, you must plan it well.
比较:You want to do it well. And you must plan it well.
4.倒装句
Only when we fully recognize its importance can we have control of its essence.
比较:After we fully recognize its importance, we can have control of its essence.
No sooner had he arrived home than it began to rain.
比较:He arrived home. And it began to rain.
5.失衡句
whether or not he will come is still unknown to all the people present.
比较:No one present knows whether he will come or not.
That he has done it all by himself is known to everyone.
比较:Everyone knows that he has done it all by himself.
当然,句子并不是越长越好,也不是越复杂水平就越高。凡事皆有度。太多长句的堆砌让人觉得是买弄。有时侯,一个短小精辟的句子可以起到画龙点睛的作用。特别是在文末段尾。比如:
●As a creature, every one knows.
●Actions speak louder than words.
●Practice makes perfect.
一只小燕子玩累了,停在电线杆上休息,脸上依旧洋溢着笑容。我连忙跑去问它:“小燕子,你为什么这么快乐?”小燕子甜甜地说:“哇,这儿的风景真美!”小燕子像老师一样地教导我:“你看,山上树木郁郁葱葱,花儿争奇斗艳,小河清澈见底,小鱼小虾跳来跳去,空气中散发着淡淡的清香,城市干净美丽,街道也闪闪发亮,没任何垃圾,这还不算美吗?”我真服了小燕子,它那样骄傲地炫耀着自己的家乡。
春去秋来,又是一年过去了。第二年春天,我看见小燕子飞回来了,正栖息在树上,哭哭啼啼的,仿佛有什么伤心事。我跑过来,担心地问小燕子:“小燕子,你为什么这么伤心?”小燕子一边哽咽着一边回答:“这里的变化真大,环境太差了,到处都受到了污染。”我吞吞吐吐地对小燕子说:“我……是这儿的老住户,怎么没看出来有变化呀?”小燕子连忙诉说着自己的心声:“这儿森林消失了,树木也被大量砍伐光了。河水太浑浊了,到处漂浮着许多垃圾,什么塑料袋呀、矿泉水瓶呀,都像赶集似的聚拢来。,人们还乱扔垃圾,到处都臭烘烘的,连我都失去了家,能不悲伤吗!”城市里顿时安静了,我也为小燕子感到非常悲哀,心里也在咒骂人类的破坏行为。
我们居住的地球好比是我们和蔼可亲的“妈妈”,保护“妈妈”的年轻美丽就是我们的职责。地球上的山山水水、动物、植物都是我们人类的好朋友,我们应该保护环境,爱护地球,还给小燕子一个美丽的家园!
今天,我和姨姨在家里玩,看见一只受伤的小燕子。它飞不起来了,我让姨姨帮我把它捡起来,拿到屋里,我拿来了米让它吃,可是它不吃。
我怕它飞走,我把门关上,小燕子飞起来又头朝下掉下来了。我拿起小燕子仔细观察了一下它的翅膀,发现它左边的翅膀受伤了,然后我又让姨姨找个绳,帮我把小燕子拴起来,姨姨不拿,姨姨对我说要爱护小鸟。
于是,姨姨把门打开,把小燕子拿到外面放了。小燕子试了几次,最后它终于飞起来了,飞到我们房子上的窝里了。
我希望小燕子的伤快快好起来。
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