Many people simply regard Pride and Prejudice as a love story, but in my opinion, this book is an illustration of the society at that time. She perfectly reflected the relation between money and marriage at her time and gave the people in her works vivid characters. The characters have their own personalities. Mrs. Bennet is a woman who makes great efforts to marry off her daughters. Mr. Bingley is a friendly young man, but his friend, Mr. Darcy, is a very proud man who seems to always feel superior. Even the five daughters in Bennet family are very different. Jane is simple, innocent and never speaks evil of others. Elizabeth is a clever girl who always has her own opinion. Mary likes reading classic books. (Actually she is a pedant. Kitty doesn’t have her own opinion but likes to follow her sister, Lydia. Lydia is a girl who follows exotic things, handsome man, and is somehow a little profligate. When I read the book, I can always find the same personalities in the society now. That is why I think this book is indeed the representative of the society in Britain in the 18th century.
The family of gentleman in the countryside is Jane Austen’s favourite topic. But this little topic can reflect big problems. It concludes the stratum situation and economic relationships in Britain in her century. You can find these from the very beginning of this book.
The first sentence in this book is impressive. It reads: “It is a truth well known to all the world that an unmarried man in poss ession of a large fortune must be in need of a wife”. The undertone is very clear: the foundation of the marriage at that time is not emotion but possession.
People always think that Austen was an expert at telling love stories. In fact, the marriage in her book is not the result of love, but the result of economic needs. After reading this book, I know the truth is that a poor woman must be in need of a husband, a wealthy man.
I couldn’t forget how eager Mrs. Bennet wants to marry off her daughte rs. If you want to know why she is so crazy about these things, I must mention the situation in Britain at that time. Only the eldest son had the privilege of inheriting his father’s possessions. Younger sons and daughters who are used to luxurious lives have no choice but marry a man or woman in possession of a large fortune to continue their comfortable lives. Thus, we can see that getting married is a way to become wealthier, particularly for women without many possessions. Jane Austen told us that money and possession determined everything, including marriage and love in her century.
In “Pride and Prejudice”, the sister of Mr. Bingley strongly opposed his plan of marrying Jane because the Bennets don’t have many possessions and their social positions are much lower than them. From this, we can see there are a lot of obstacles for a not very rich woman to marry a wealthy husband. The society, the relatives would not allow them to get married.
In modern society, although the marriages of economic needs have decreased rapidly, the concept of “money determines everything” is still rooted in some people’s mind. A lot of parents try hard to interfere their children’s marriages. Education background, possessions, jobs remains the main reason that may influence one’s marriage. Marry for money is still a big problem in our
society. We can’t help thinking: can money determine everything?
Austen left this problem for us to think. The genius of Jane Austen lies in this perfect simplicity, the simplicity that reflects big problems. Although Austen was only 21 when she wrote “Pride and Prejudice”, her sharp observation of social lives makes the style of this book surprisingly mature and lively. The plots in her works are always very natural. The development of the plot is as inevitable as a problem in mathematics. I think the depth of Pride and Prejudice is the reason that makes this book prominent and classic. Today, her book still can be the guide telling us the economic relationships both at her time and in modern time.
在探讨此问题之前,首先要交代一个背景,即当时官员的家庭结构问题。一般而言,当时官员的家庭构成往往不仅包括夫妻子女,而且还包括前来投靠的亲戚。学者陈弱水最近发表了一篇题为《试探唐代妇女与本家的关系》的论文。文中指出唐代妇女在丈夫死后回本家(即娘家)是一种比较普遍的现象。我们知道,妇女回娘家住往往还要带着孩子,这样就造成了一个个比较大的家庭,使娘家的父亲或兄弟在生活中需要负担的人口变的多起来,再加上当时似乎有个惯例,亲戚投奔拿俸禄的官员,或者说拿俸禄的官员养活前来投靠的亲戚(甚至朋友)都是天经地义的事情,于是家庭成员增多了,家庭规模变大了,家庭负担也就随之变得重了起来。我们举几个例子。比如贞元元和间的名臣阳城与兄弟住在一起,又“有寡妹依城以居,有生(甥)年四十余,痴不能如人,常与弟负之以游”,则阳城不仅养活了自己的弟弟,还养活着妹妹及妹妹的儿子。
又如殿中侍御史李虚中“昆弟六人,先君(指李虚中)而殁者四人。其一人尝为郑之荥泽尉,信道士长生不死之说,既去官,绝不营人事。故四门之寡妻孤孩,与荥泽之妻子衣食百须,皆由君(指李虚中)出”。李虚中没办法,为了养家,只好去“佐河南水陆运使。换两使,经七年不去,所以为供给教养者”。这是说以一人俸禄养五家人口,可知负担之重。从中还可知,若担任像水陆运使这类财政官员的属官,收入比较可观。第三个例子是亲王长史李仁钧。他在汴州当官时对朋友很好,后来到了洛阳,“则又不忍其(指旧时朋友)三族之寒饥,聚而馆之,疏远毕至”。这就不仅是养家实际还包括抚养朋友的子女及亲戚,以致弄得“禄不足以养”,迫使自己的儿子李础不得不“从事于外”,以减轻父亲养家的困难。类似的例子真是多到不胜枚举。因此这样一种亲戚朋友投靠有俸禄者,以及有俸禄者有义务养活他们的习俗或惯例,影响了当时许多人的生活水平,韩愈就是其中之一。
就总的生活水平而言韩愈应该属于不太富裕的阶层。特别是元和八年(813年)他四十六岁之前,除短时期外,生活一直比较艰辛。众所周知,韩愈三岁丧父,养于兄韩会处。差不多十二岁时兄死,由嫂子抚养成人,这其中的艰辛可想而知。也正是由于家庭生活困难,为了养家,韩愈遂西上长安,所谓“家贫不足以自活,应举觅官”就是这个意思。这样,在贞元二年(786年)韩愈十九岁时,他开始了自己的生活。从这时直至二十九岁时入汴为董晋的观察推官止,十年间他中进士考宏词,四处求官不得,生活艰难,“终朝苦寒饥”。那么这一段他既然没有得到官,其生活来源又是什么呢?关于这一点,由于史料缺乏,我们只能作一点推测:估计就像他后来经常资助朋友和找上门来的士子们一样,他也只能靠投靠权贵来求得一些帮助。从三次《上宰相书》中我们可见那求人的诚恳和迫切。后人往往以此讥笑韩愈,其实从韩愈当时的生活境况及当时的社会风气看,这都是完全正常的。韩愈求人资助留下来的唯一实例是他求到了北平王马燧头上。韩愈后来追述说:“余初冠,应进士贡在京师,穷不自存,以故人(指韩愈兄韩弇)稚弟,拜北平王于马前。王问而怜之……轸其寒饥,赐食与衣。”唐代士子应进士举,在京师的生活总的说来比较艰难。他们长时间得不到官,没有俸禄,只好求人度日。
韩愈自贞元十二年(796年)为汴州董晋的观察推官,十五年(799年)为徐州张建封的节度推官,到十六年(800年)冬回京参选,这段日子过得比较舒服。前引所谓“于汴徐二州,仆皆为从事,日月有所入,比之前时,丰约百倍”,讲的就是这段生活。他在《此日足可惜赠张籍》诗中也说在徐州“箧中有馀衣,盎中有馀粮。闭门读书史,窗户忽已凉”,心情悠闲,远非求官时的燥急可比。这里我们还想指出一点,即在唐后期,同是地方官,做节度使观察使的幕府官员如推官巡官之类,收入是比较丰厚的。卫中行的哥哥到岭南去炼黄金,“药贵不可得,以干容帅。帅且曰:若能从事于我,可一日具。许之”。只因为入了容管经略使的幕府,就有钱炼黄金了,可见幕府官员收入之丰。因此当时的许多著名处士,让他当县尉、参军他不干,却纷纷进入了节度使观察使的幕府,像洛阳名士石洪、温造,江淮“四夔”之一的卢东美等就都是如此。明白这一点很重要,由此可知唐后期士人纷纷投靠幕府的一个重要原因。同时也知道,幕府官员俸禄的高下,大约是由府主自己决定的。
韩愈自贞元十六年(800年)冬在京师待选,十八年(802年)为四门博士,十九年(803年)贬为连州阳山令,二十一年(顺宗永贞元年,805年)为江陵府法曹参军,元和元年(806年)再拜国子博士,二年(807年)分司东都,直至元和七年(812年)三为国子博士,这一段时间的生活也不富裕。在待选期间,韩愈已经收留了侄子韩老成一家,加上乳母奴婢,“家累三十口”。所以虽然很快得到了四门博士一官,但养家实为困难。不得已,他又恢复了求人资助的行为,曾经给山南东道节度使于頔写信,写下了“愈今者惟朝夕刍米仆赁之资是急,不过费阁下一朝之享而足也”的词句。在连州为阳山令是“酸寒何足道”;在江陵府为法曹参军时是“掾俸之酸寒”。分司东都,日子依然不好过。这不仅因为国子博士的俸禄不高,而且因为韩愈这时又收留了堂兄韩俞死后留给他的子女。因此他“不知孤遗多,举族仰薄宦。有时未朝餐,得米日已晏”,以致于在送贾岛归范阳时,竟无东西可赠,自嘲说“欲以金帛酬,举室常顑颔”。待到三为国子博士,生活仍不见好转,以至学生都嘲笑他是“冬暖而儿号寒,年丰而妻啼饥”,可见国子博士虽月有俸钱四十贯,但用它来应付一个大家庭的日常生活,是捉襟见肘的。
从元和八年(813年)韩愈为比部郎中后,直至晚年为兵部、吏部侍郎,虽中间曾被贬为潮州刺史量移袁州刺史,但其生活水平已经有了比较大的提高。韩愈留下的诗文中,对这十年的生活再也没有提到过贫寒。究其原因,这十年韩愈除了有较丰厚的俸禄外,还能靠写碑铭获得许多额外收入。当时的流氓文人刘义曾“持(韩)愈金数斤去,曰:此谀墓中人所得耳,不若与刘君为寿”。话虽有些无赖,所言恐怕也是事实。我们看韩愈留下的二通有关文字,即《谢许受王用男人事物状》和《谢许受韩弘物状》,从中可知韩愈因写碑文,在前者那里得到“马一匹并鞍衔、白玉腰带一条”,在后者那里得到“绢五百匹”。当时物价,绢一匹“直钱八百”,则五百匹就是四十万即四百贯钱。“四百贯”钱是个什么概念呢?当时一斤盐仅卖四十文,一斗米五十文。四百贯钱可以买一万斤盐,八百石米。当时的成年男子一年所需口粮是七石二斗,则八百石米可供一百人吃一年。又,元和九年(814年)孟郊死,孟郊的朋友韩愈等人凑了一百贯为他营葬,“尚有馀资”,再加上郑余庆派人“所送二百七十千”,则“足以益业,为遗孀永久之赖”,即三百贯钱左右就可以使人过一辈子了。看来四百贯钱不是一个小数,而韩愈一次就得钱四百贯,由此可知韩愈的“润笔费”之多。当然,由于“争为碑志”是当时的社会风气,以致有“贫不可堪,何不求碑志见救”的说法,因此靠写碑志挣钱补贴家用似乎也无可厚非。元和十四、十五年(819、820年)韩愈在做潮州刺史和袁州刺史时,虽然心情不好,生活却并不坏。刺史的俸钱,据《唐会要》卷九一《内外官料钱上》,在元和十四年(819年),紧州为一百八十贯,中州为一百五十贯。潮州为下州,估计月俸应在一百贯上下。按说这已经不少了,但观察使仍“虑有阙乏,每月别给钱五十千,以送使钱充”。由此可知节度使观察使手中掌握的这一笔“送使钱”,可以自由支配,其中一项开支就是能够酌情给手下的属官加俸。这五十贯加上后,韩愈的俸钱就达一百五十贯左右,是国子博士俸钱的四倍。因此他在潮州时,可以“出己俸百千(即一百贯)以为举本,收其赢馀”用作州学学生的饮食费用。同样,在袁州刺史任上,韩愈也曾“以私钱十万”助修湘君夫人神庙。从这种出手之大方,亦可见韩愈生活水平的提高。
纵观韩愈从官近四十年的生活状况,我们可以简单地说,在贞元长庆年间,韩愈以及与他相似的阶层的官员,如果没有田产只靠俸禄生活,又如果负担着一个大家庭的生活的话,不论他是正七品下的法曹参军事、正七品上的四门博士,还是正五品上的国子博士,其生活水平都不很高,甚至是比较艰难的。差不多是同一阶层的官员如县丞崔斯立,是“秩卑俸薄食口众”;国子助教薛公达,是“禄又不足以活身”;县尉毕坰,“既卒,家无一钱”;太原府参军苗藩,养“四室之孤男女凡二十人”,死时“遗资无十金,无田无宫以为归”。如此等等,生活都很艰辛。相反,如果是做了节度使观察使的幕府从事(特别是盐铁使、水陆运使的佐官),或者升到朝官中郎中侍郎、地方官刺史一级,生活状况就比较好了。要是再有些额外收入如润笔钱之类,生活就会更好。当然,如果成了宰相功臣如裴度、马燧,或节度使观察使如韩弘、于頔,其生活就说得上是奢侈是豪富了。他们的生活水平又远在一般官员之上。明白唐代官员中不同阶层的不同生活水平,对于研究唐代社会生活是非常重要的。
许多时候在我们的生活中,身边有着很多不为人知的事物,但这些事物大多数会被那些善于发现的人所察觉。
如今,现代科技快速发展,日新月异,人们的生活得到了改善,但也就是因为这些,导致我们的生活一方面在突飞猛进的发展,而另一方面,也就是我们生存的环境也在急剧的恶化,人们为了富裕的生活,再加上科技的发展,竟不惜代价,破坏我们唯一的'家园。还有许多人根本没有良心的在给地球“捅刀子”。制造出白色污染,对地球进行有意伤害。
就在我们同学的身边,就有人在使用这些可恶的污染。修正带、修改液、修正贴的污染,现在几乎可以算入白色污染中的重要部分。这些涂改液等物品非常受同学们的青睐,有很多的学生,为了让自己的书本上变得干净、整洁,因此,就在文具市场上买了这些能够修改字迹的奇妙用品。我们却从来都没有想过、考虑过,这小小的文具其实带给我们人体,以及地球都是有严重的危害。
我想一支修改物品,在文具市场上大概卖4-5元钱,但是,我们无法去计算那些厂家给我们的批发量。就拿修正液来说吧,文具店醒目地摆放着各种香味袭人、形状各异的多款修正液,它们都带有明显的刺激性气味,而且未见铅、钡、镉等有害物质的说明。只有几款不带刺激气味的修正液,在产品说明上写着“绝不含三氯乙烷、甲苯、乙酸乙酯等有机溶剂及pvc有毒物质”,但是,这些不带刺激性的修正液的价格要比其它品牌的修正液高出一到两倍。因由于价格较高,这种修正液只有成年人或意识到这个东西有危害的人,购买较多;学生们则多数选择价钱较低、印有卡通人物包装和有五彩颜色的其它品牌修正液。真正无害的涂改液应该是无味的。不少学生有啃、咬文具的习惯,这些用品一般与人身、皮肤直接接触,有害物质容易进入学生体内。涂改液一般含有二氯甲烷、三氯乙烷和对二甲苯,这些物质挥发出来的气体对人会有不良影响。
有些同学不喜欢用修正液,都是用修正贴或修正带。但他们不知道,其实这两样文具所制造的材料以及塑料浓度的成份,挥发出来的气体对人会有不良影响,对我们身边的环境也是一样,有大大的危害。
据我了解,涂改液是一种化学合成物,所含的苯和甲苯,长期使用会对肝脏、肾脏等造成危害,甚至导致学生们患上白血病。另外涂改液含有二氯乙烷、三氯乙烷、四氯乙烷等化合物,这些化合物对眼睛有很明显的刺激作用,经常使用会造成流眼泪、眼睛发红,个别的还会造成恶心、呕吐、浑身不舒服。有关专家提醒,在使用涂改液时,务必要有自我保护意识,比如不让涂改液与人体接触,不要让儿童接触涂改液,要把涂改液局限在一个恰当的使用范围修正液的主要成分及危害。
用修正液来修改作业的确方便,但是长期使用会对人体造成潜在的危害。而且,久而久之会养成同学们做作业不用心,马马虎虎了事,对修正液养成一种依赖性。为了同学们今后的成长,我在这,想呼吁广大的学生们:“放下手中的修正液,还我们一本干净的作业吧!”
近年来随着中国古代社会史研究的勃兴,对唐代历史中“社会生活”领域的研究也兴盛起来。但是目前这种研究往往比较笼统,不分时代前后、不分阶层高下、不作定量分析,所以常常使人感觉缺乏具体性。鉴于此,黄正建先生的这篇文章就唐代某一时期某一阶层中的某个个人(士大夫代表:韩愈)的日常生活作些探讨,期望在探讨许多不同的个案之后,将这一时期的日常生活状况具体化,或者能为唐代社会生活史研究的深化提供一点参考。
唐德宗贞元至穆宗长庆期间(785—824年),被近年来的唐代文学史家规定为中唐后期,是“唐文学的第二个繁荣阶段”。从社会历史的角度看,这一时期也大致可以自成一个阶段。这表现在两个方面。一是安史乱后,唐代的政治经济军事等制度出现了混乱,经过肃宗代宗时期的探索,从德宗开始,实行了一系列诸如设立两税、完善俸制、删定敕格、整顿朝仪、理顺使职、发扬礼典等措施,整个贞元长庆间应该说社会已经走入正轨,成为一个整理整顿制度的时期,一个大致有秩序的时期,像代宗“大历中权臣月俸有至九千贯者”的状况已经不复存在。第二,导致唐代灭亡的几个重要矛盾还没有发展到极端:藩镇割据问题还处于中央和割据藩镇的较量阶段,元和年间甚至取得了胜利;宦官专政也远未达到操生***大权的程度,宪宗曾对宰臣李绛说,得宠的宦官吐突承璀“此家奴耳……若有违犯,朕去之轻如一毛耳”;牛李党争只是初露端倪,从史籍看,到元和末长庆间唐代君臣才开始注意党争问题。因此这一时期大致是一个相对安定、政治上尚有活力的时期。而在这一时期之后,上述三大矛盾就愈演愈烈,终于达到不可收拾的地步了。
所谓“文人型官员”,首先他们是官员,那些没有做官的处士游客,即使能“文”,也不在我们的研究范围内。其次他们是文人,那些武将节帅,即使做了大官,我们也不研究,只可以用作比较的对象。文人型官员又大都“不喜为吏”、“惟酷好学问文章”,在这一点上不同于一般的文官。文人型官员从生活水平看可以大致划分为三个阶层(详后)。有的文人型官员逐渐从低层走向高层,而有的则一辈子只生活在低层。
选择贞元长庆间文人型官员进行研究的另一个重要原因在于这一阶段是文学的繁荣特别是“文”的繁荣时期,许多文人型官员为我们留下了大量的诗文特别是“文”。受社会风气影响,这些“文”中涉及个人生活的东西相对多了一些。因此虽然总的来说唐代史料对于研究日常生活仍不够丰富,但就这一阶段而言,与初唐、盛唐和晚唐相比,可供利用的资料还是相对比较多的。
韩愈是文人也是官员,贞元二年(786年)十九岁时初来长安,长庆四年(824年)五十七岁时病故,恰与这一阶段相始终,因此我们首选他作为贞元长庆间文人型官员的一个个案。以下的研究,想首先揭示韩愈对日常生活的看法,其次探讨他的总的生活水平,最后看看他的具体的日常生活。
每个人对大学的认识都有所不同,同样,每个阶段的人对大学的认识也有所不同。而我,在不同的阶段也对大学有不同的认识。小学时,大学是一个梦,多么遥远的事情,上了大学就意味着能找一份好工作,让家人过上幸福的生活。初中时,大学是一种期望,认为能够上大学的人都是非常了不起的人,于是我总是希望能够考上一所好的高中从而更加容易地走进大学。高中时,大学是一份任务,一切为了高考,寒窗苦读12年,就是为了最后一次高考。那一刻,大学越来越近,我也越来越憧憬大学生活了,憧憬那无拘无束的自由的生活。 如今,我已走进了大学校门。然而,大学并不像自己当初想的那么完美。大学毕业就意味着一大批的大学生失业,大学生满街都是,每天还要为各种事情而忙碌着。跟自己想象中的大学生活完全不一样 我的大学没有北大那么悠久的历史,没有清华那么好的教育资源,但所有的一切都不能阻止我奋斗的激情、为梦想追逐的勇气!有人说:理想很丰满,现实很骨感,但是谁知每一个为了理想努力拼搏的人,他的大学远不能用骨干来描述。
犹记得高考后的那晚,我已知道我的成绩不能上一所很有面子的大学,也有过沮丧也有过泪水。面对将要来临的'赤裸裸的现实,再坚
强的人都无法接受生存之道的打击。短暂的悲伤之后,我重振信心,大学不是在于学校的等级,更重要的是自己是否有一颗不被现实摧败的雄心。很幸运自己进入了合肥学院,来到这里生活学习,相比而言,我的人生也更加丰富。
同学们说大学生活乏味,大学无趣。的确,大学生活缺少了幻想中的激情,远没有想像中的精彩。但我们应该把握机会,因为机会只给有准备的人,机会也爱正在寻找他的人。人生能有多少岁月能让我们虚度啊?珍惜时间,珍惜我们的拥有。把时间花在对自己毫无意义的事上,那是一种悲哀,是一种失败。进入工业大学时,我就对自己的大学生活有了一个总体的规划。
如果说人生是一本书,那么大学生活便是书中最美丽的彩页;如果说人生是一台戏,那么大学生活便是戏中最精彩的一幕;如果说人生是一次从降生到死亡的长途,那么大学生活就是风华正茂的少年,这就是我的大学生活。军训期间,我自愿作为班级负责人,积极为班级同学的生活等事物服务,短暂的半个月使我懂得,和不同的人相处你会学到不一样的精彩。大学就像一个小社会,错综复杂的关系犹如闪烁的霓红灯,让人琢磨不定。只是,见到的和听到的,已经能证明些什么。竞争犹如一只铁鞭,驱赶着我们走向功利之路,无论是朋友,还是恋人,都在这样微妙的关系中扭曲了。不过,让我高兴的是,即使有人费尽心机争名逐利,我仍能找到许多游离在名利之外的朋友,我们都懂得,青春的色彩不应沾染铜臭。夜里,我梦见,携着朋友们的手,奔跑在绿色的田野中,笑靥如阳光般灿烂。
This is a story about a special and unreserved woman who has been exposed to a hostile environment but continuously and fearlessly struggling for her ideal life. The story can be interpreted as a symbol of the independent spirit.
It seems to me that many readers’ English reading experience starts with Jane Eyer. I am of no exception. As we refer to the movie “Jane Eyer”, it is not surprising to find some differences because of its being filmized and retold in a new way, but the spirit of the novel remains----to be an independent person, both physically and mentally.
Jane Eyer was a born resister, whose parents went off when she was very young, and her aunt,the only relative she had,treated her as badly as a ragtag. Since Jane’s education in Lowwood Orphanage began, she didn’t get what she had been expecting——simply being regarded as a common person, just the same as any other girl around. The suffers from being humiliated and devastated teach Jane to be persevering and prize dignity over anything else.As a reward of revolting the ruthless oppression, Jane got a chance to be a tutor in Thornfield Garden. There she made the acquaintance of lovely Adele and that garden’s owner, Rochester, a man with warm heart despite a cold face outside. Jane expected to change the life from then on, but fate had decided otherwise: After Jane and Rochester fell in love with each other and got down to get marry, she unfortunately came to know in fact Rochester had got a legal wife, who seemed to be the shadow following Rochester and led to his moodiness all the time ----Rochester was also a despairing person in need of salvation. Jane did want to give him a hand, however, she made up her mind to leave, because she didn’t want to betray her own principles, because she was Jane Eyer. The film has finally got a symbolist end: Jane inherited a large number of legacies and finally returned. After finding Rochester ’s misfortune brought by his original mad wife, Jane chose to stay with him forever.
I don’t know what others feel, but frankly speaking, I would rather regard the section that Jane began her teaching job in Thornfield as the film’s end----especially when I heard Jane’s words “Never in my life have I been awaken so happily. ” For one thing, this ideal and brand-new beginning of life was what Jane had been imagining for long as a suffering person; for another, this should be what the audiences with my views hoped her to get. But the professional judgment of producing films reminded me to wait for a totally different result: There must be something wrong coming with the excellence----perhaps not only should another section be added to enrich the story, but also we may see from the next transition of Jane’s life that “Life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what you would get.”
What ’s more, this film didn’t end when Jane left Thornfield. For Jane Eyer herself, there should always be somewhere to realize her great ideal of being independent considering her fortitude, but for Rochester, how he can get salvation? The film gives the answer tentatively: Jane eventually got back to Rochester. In fact, when Jane met Rochester for the first time, she scared his horse and made his heel strained, to a certain extent, which meant Rochester would get retrieval because of Jane. We can consider Rochester’s experiences as that of religion meaning. The fire by his frantic wife was the punishment for the cynicism early in his life. After it, Rochester got the mercy of the God and the love of the woman whom he loved. Here we can say: human nature and divinity get united perfectly in order to let such a story accord with the requirements of both two sides. The value of this film may be due to its efforts to explore a new way for the development of humanism under the faith of religion.
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