近年来,为推进学生综合语言能力的培养,中学英语语篇教学越来越受到英语教学专家和一线教师的关注。如何将建构主义教学思想应用于中学英语语篇教学?我做了如下思考与尝试。
提问行为是课堂教学的重要组成部分,是教师输入信息、传递信息,与学生共享信息,达到师生双边交流的一条重要渠道。提问涉及到教学内容的重点,它是组织教学的开端,是教学进程中转换的“关节”,是学习过程中激活学生思维活动的重要因素。恰当的提问,对学生来说,具有引发学生的学习动机,激发思维,加深对所学知识的理解程度,检验学生掌握学习技能程度等作用;对教师来说,具有检查教学目标,重新组织教学,反馈自己的教学效果等作用。
但是,实行班级授课制以后,提问在课堂教学中的运用相对减少了,教育工作者对提问技术的研究与认识也不够充分,即使在师范教育中,也没有哪一门课程专门探讨它。尽管在教育学和各科教学法中,大都初略地提到提问的问题,但这与提问在课堂教学中的地位和重要性是不相称的。近几年,在我国中小学教学中,提问逐渐引起人们的重视。如果我们对日常大量的提问现象作一下分析, 可以看出提问作为一种教学技术,在课堂使用中依然比较模糊、杂乱,其功能的发挥也不够全面,提问操作中还有相当的故障影响着教学效果。
国家新一轮基础教育课程改革的目的是要落实素质教育目标,提出学生的学习方式和教师的教学方式都需要进行科学的改变和完善。提问作为在课程中促进师生之间共同成长的一个基点,深入研究提问是摆在我们眼前的一个迫切任务。所以,提问既是对一种传统的教学方式的再认识,也是新课程改革中的重要课题。鉴于此,我们可以说,改善和提高教师课堂提问行为是实施新课程改革,落实素质教育目标的需要。
现任英语教师绝大多数成长于传统教学之中。在学生时代,他们接触到的是以教师为中心的教学,呈现的是以事实为基础的教学主题和像菜谱一样稳定不变的训练实践,从而在个人的经验中形成了许多固定化了的教学心理模型。这些固定化了的教学心理模型形成了定势,强有力地影响了他们自己走向讲台后的教学行为。
英语教师专业发展的直接途径在课堂,改变传统的固定化了的教学心理模型和课堂教学行为是目前摆在我们眼前的重要任务。提问作为课堂教学行为之一,也不可避免地成为我们促进教师改变其教学行为的关键性因素,是我们提高英语教师专业化水平的重要方面。
提问在英语课堂教学中有着举足轻重的作用,教育心理学告诉我们:学生的思维过程往往从问题开始。学起于思,思起于疑。我国南宋理学家胡宏又把学习过程看作是发现问题、解决问题、提出独立见解的过程。可见,每位老师都要科学设计问题来激发学生探究知识的愿望、拓宽学生的思维,并使自己及时对教学过程进行有效的调控,从而提高师生之间的双向思维交流活动,促进课堂教学的和谐发展。所以课堂提问的有效性使我们值得研究的课题。
那么,教师应如何优化课堂提问,提高课堂效率呢?读了《优化课堂提问》以后,我对课堂提问有了进一步的认识:
提问应遵循鼓励性原则。教师在提问时应引起学生的重视,激发学生学习动机,提高学习积极性,鼓励学生参与课堂活动,积极地思考,变被动回答问题为主动积极,从而促进课堂效率的提高。教师要使每一个问题都要让学生觉得有话可说,要鼓励学生大胆说出自己想法。
在语篇教学过程中,我常采用这样三个环节:1 导——设置话题,着力于激活与本语篇相关的背景知识,为学生提供建构的基础与可能,同时进行新单词新句式的适当铺垫(铺垫那些会对语篇学习形成较大障碍的内容;2 听/读——根据技能训练的不同要求,以听或读的方式为学生提供能够独立接触语篇的机会,让学生对语篇获得一个整体的、自己的感知。在此基础上,对文本进行进一步的处理,引导学生借助对文本的听或读获得信息、整理信息、转述信息,同时不断验证老师提供的学习策略或学习方法,使之逐步成为学生自己的学习经验;3 练——设置任务型的语言活动,以交流互动、有效合作等方式为学生提供语言建构的情境和机会,促进学生语言运用能力的养成。
Dear teacher:
I am just writing to say thank you.thank you for teaching us things we need to learn, thank you for being there for us when we have any problems, thanks for your devotion and willingness to help us, thank you for the love you've shown to us.
I am lucky to have a teacher like you. and no matter what kind of person i will become, you will always have your influence on me. You taught me how to study, how to live and even how to be a man. From you I learned what kind of person i want to be and what should i get from life. this means everything to me.
my dear teacher, no matter what you will always have a special place in my heart and i will remember what i have learned from you and carry the knowleges through my life! I will make good use of the school, teachers would also like to be able to impart a better learning methods, such as English will be able to make progress there is a greater interest in education teachers and thanked the ex Thank you!
Yours
Jane
《特工艾米拉》以一种全新的故事包装,巧妙的融合了好莱坞的叙事方式,又以本土化的形式来糅合女特工的商业动作类型,从而使影片更具观赏性和视觉冲击力。而影片中的摄影、美术、特效等方面,也绝对算得上大片模式。好莱坞特效师Andy Chen、担任《赤壁》、《谍海风云》、《孔子》等大片主美术的南楠、台湾传奇车神明等等,都云集影片。扎实的制作阵容,一流的特效,让导演和观众一起玩转一次谍战特工的超豪华表演。其中让人耳目一新的美术设计和动作、枪战、飞车场景,可谓丰富了视觉效果,呈现出超强悍的大制作水准。
《特工艾米拉》中,似乎可以清晰地看到《生化危机》、《刺客联盟》和《古墓丽影》的影子,这足以看到导演小徐对好莱坞此类大片的“顶礼膜拜”。《特工艾米拉》并不是一味的模仿,而是有自己独有的特色。影片中超现实的`叙事空间,点缀着“空中飞人”的疯狂,那飙车与枪战的场面,没有虚情假意,更没有矫揉造作,而是用真诚的态度,去创作,去尝试国产类型片,这样的诚意之作带来的视觉奇观,简直是让人“防不胜防”。那处处扣准观众的心理飙车和情感场面,让人连连拍好。
这部由好莱坞班底倾情打造的《特工艾米拉》,剧情扑朔迷离,节奏紧凑,显然没有了之前《富春山居图》的“注水”式的叙事逻辑和单一的华美视觉包装,而是一种真正向好莱坞大片看齐的努力尝试。对于飙车的电影,可谓数不胜数,比如《007系列》、《速度与激情》系列、《碟中谍》系列、《极品飞车》等等。虽说之前中国对于车戏的电影也有尝试,但几乎都不能跟国外的经典赛车电影相媲美。而《特工艾米拉》中勇敢、机智、冷静、勇猛的艾米拉,则完全具备007的“特色”。开车、骑车、飞车、飙车以及拳脚功夫样样能行,绝不含糊。特别是艾米拉面对一系列失意之后,依旧能勇往直前,而她那飞腿擒敌、勾腿拿凶、弹腿索命的销魂腿功,随着音乐“曼妙起舞”,简直让人销魂。
影片中的车戏也绝对百分百的精彩。曾为《十二生肖》、《我想和你好好的》等影片做车技执导的车神明,用自己传奇的赛车经历与影视效果完美的嫁接,设计出一场场精美绝伦的动作场景。加入冒险元素之后,影片中惊魂飙车、飞车开枪以及针对摩托车独有特性设计的追逐戏份,则显得更加的耐人寻味。
尽管影片在很多方面都不如好莱坞经典的谍战、飞车系列电影,但是影片在故事架构、悬念设计、动作设计、飙车以及枪战爆破等方面还是很多值得津津乐道的地方。《特工艾米拉》,其实就是用诚意,上演了一次大片式的谍战商业动作戏,更是玩转了一次“空中飞人”的令人震撼的视觉奇观。
Miss Li always wears a blue coat . I think her favourite colour will be blue .
Miss Li is very friendly and kindly .Her classes are very interesting ,we all like to have Chinese class .
She always smiles when she speak to us .Sometimes she is very strict with us,when we make a mistake,she often makes us stand up . 李老师是我的语文老师,她大约30岁左右,她长的又漂亮,又年轻,她的卷发是棕色的`。
Miss Li often sticks to have lessons when she is ill , She looked weak,but still beautiful . 李老师经常穿着蓝色的上衣,所以我认为她最喜欢的颜色是蓝色。
Miss Li love us very much, she teaches us so carefully .I think she is a good teacher. We all love her,too .
李老师对我们总是那样友好,亲切。她的课生动,有趣,我们都喜欢上语文课。她和我们说话的时候总是面带微笑。
有时候她对我们非常严厉,当我们犯了错误,李老师就让我们站起来。
I think teachers are like candles , giving off light for others by burning themselves 。
Dear Miss Brown,
I am writing to express my sincere thanks to you for caring me in the last two years. During the days of being your student, I learn a lot. Firstly, your serious attitude towards teaching and our students moves me too much. You inspire and push me to work harder and harder. Secondly, I fall in love with English under the influence of you. As a student of science and engineering, I’ve been thinking that English does no good to me, but you help me to find the fabulous glamour of English that leads me to know a totally different world and develop a different way of thinking. Finally, your continuous encouragement supports me a lot when I meet challenges or difficulties. You said that everything to the last will certainly become a good thing, if it is not, not yet to the last. Every time, remembering your words, I am so inspired to keep going.
Above all, I want to say thank you again and please accept my sincere appreciation. Best wishes for you.
Cruse
dear teacher ,
i am writing to you to express my thanks for your help in learning english and speaking english.
during these days in your class, i have learned much from you and it is very helpful to me. firstly, you let me know what is the west thinking pattern—straight thinking pattern. and, i think, it is very important to understand the west’s thoughts. as you know, this can help me with my examination and interaction with foreigners. secondly, i have got enough confidence in speaking in english from your class and it took me a long time to gain this confidence. now, i always express my ideas in english as possible as i can. it’s great to do that. the last not the least, i find that learning english is not an boring thing as before and i’m interested in studying english which was just a necessary task to pass examinations. reading, listening or speaking all become interesting and i really enjoy it.
above all, i want to say thanks again to you. and thank you for your time.
good luck ^_^
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