如果说童年是天蓝色的——因为它的纯洁与明净,如果说暮年是黑色的——因为它是漫漫人生道路的尽头,那么青春是什么颜色的呢?
青春是粉红色的。
因为在青春的岁月里,有着太多太多的希望和梦,那是粉红色的梦一浪漫清新而瑰丽。那梦,没有饱经风霜后的沧桑与深沉,没有久历世事后的成熟与理性,没有无情岁月的束缚和羁绊,只是那温和明朗、无拘无束的粉红色。
暮年时期的果戈理就曾说过:“不说别的,光是拥有未来,青年们就够幸福的了。”然而,我们这些正拥有青春的人,似乎没有感到如此幸福。很多人只是把青春的资本沉浸在青春的梦中,而不去为这些梦奋斗,乃至这些梦犹如肥皂泡一般,随着青春的流逝而消失得无影无踪。
青春是绿色的。
你见过那在明媚的春光下生长的新绿的幼苗吗?你见过树梢头那一簇簇在春风中轻舞的嫩芽吗?青春的绿色,是春天里幼苗的绿、嫩芽的绿,朝气蓬勃,生机饱满。李大钊说:“青春者,人生之王,人生之春,人生之华也。”英国物理学家麦克斯韦15岁发表第一篇科学论文;王维17岁就写出了《九月九日忆山东兄弟》这首脍炙人口的诗篇;恩格斯19岁就学会了25种外国语言……正是这青春时期的播种与耕耘,正是这青春时期绿色的激情,造就了这些科学家、文学家、政治家伟大的一生。
青春也可以是灰色的。
因为我们缺乏理性,我们稍有收获便沾沾自喜;我们一次又一次地犯错误;十字路口,我们常常徘徊不定……当然,上帝是容许年轻人犯错误的,因为正是一次次地犯错误,我们得到学习,得到成熟,得到理性。有这样一首诗:“别等太阳已经高挂,才进入今天;别等花已凋谢,才来珍惜;别等机会远去,才来痛心。等,只会等白我们的少年头;等,只会让我们错过播种和收获的季节……”我要再加上一句:别等青春已经流逝,才睁开眼睛寻找青春的颜色;等,只会让我们蹉跎一生,后悔莫及。
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
你像素衣的仙人,周身缥缈着云雾、仙气,轻轻向我走来,我的生命中充满了你的神奇色彩我用崇敬的语气唤了一声:“太白!”
我高傲自豪之时,也是你飞黄腾达之时。那是,你深受玄宗赏识,金碧辉煌的大殿之上,贵妃研墨,力士脱靴,舞动着豪迈潇洒的风姿。你满腹经纶,才高八斗,一壶美酒,让你的身上满是醇香,百世流芳!
我灰心丧气之时,正是你落魄失意之时。你的辉煌让满朝文武心怀嫉妒,最后,你才明白,你只是皇帝手中把弄的玩物罢了。让他开心的,立刻荣华富贵一生享用不尽;而让他发怒的,便会落入万丈深渊,永远爬不起来。于是,你离开了那个是非之地,开始了放荡的流浪生活。
“俱怀逸兴壮思飞,欲上青天览明月。”你的志气如大眼青云直上,把我沉入深谷的心提捞上来,一直冲到九天碧霄,我重新恢复了往日的自信。你微笑着对我说:“天生我材必有用,千金散尽还复来。”那时,我发现,我的生命中不能没有你。
“仰天大笑出门去,我辈岂是蓬蒿人。”你的脸上写满自信,写满豪放。
“桃花潭水深千尺,不及汪伦送我情。”汪伦的一句“万家酒店,十里桃花”将你引去,未料是空谈,而你却永远记住了他,把他视为知心朋友。一封素筏为你寄去相思,一壶浊酒让我们永记潭水般深厚的友情!
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成\"总—分—总\"结构
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
I tried my best to calm down for a long time. Then I went to the platform to begin my prepared speech.
I felt my brain was blank when I was having my speech.
Before the election, I was confident for this position, but I still so nervous when I was in the platform. Thanks for preparing in advance; otherwise, I must be embarrassed. But the result was what I want. It’s a happy thing.
今天,我们班竞选班长了。`我成为了新的\'班长。我很高兴,不过我现在仍然很紧张。竞选开始的时候,我好紧张,我都可以听到我的心怦怦跳了。我努力了很长一段时间才平静下来。然后我才走向讲台开始我已经准备好的演讲。在演讲的时候,我觉得我的大脑一片空白。在竞选之前,我对这一职位是很有信心,但当我站在讲台上时还是很紧张。幸好提前准备了;否则,我肯定很难堪。不过结果却是我想要的。这是一件值得开心的事
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
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