有贵宾驾到,家里难免要好好打扫一番啦!妈妈对着我和妹妹指手画脚,不时地下达命令,“你,把小黑板上画上图案!”“是母上大人!”妹妹调皮地敬礼,让我笑得直不起腰来。妈妈瞟了一眼我那乱糟糟的书桌,不由得皱起眉头,下令道:“你还不快把你的书桌打扫干净!”“奴婢马上去干!”我得令后不敢懈怠,马上打扫起来。只见我左右开工,把有“垃圾重灾区”之称的书桌打扫得一尘不染,光亮如新。原本东一堆、西一堆的,想象着武老师进来书本被我整理得干干净净。我不禁沾沾自喜起来。我又端出一只果盘,上面放上许多水果,看上去令人垂涎欲滴。
随着时间一分一秒地流逝,眼看着就要到约好的时间了。我心急如焚,生怕武老师会临时改变想法,让我空欢喜一场。我在家里来回踱着步子,不时地问妈妈武老师来了吗?妈妈每次都淡定的说不急、不急。“叮咚!”悦耳的电梯铃响了,急促的.脚步声,亲爱的武老师终于来了!我急忙奔了出去,冲着武老师甜甜地叫了一声:“武老师好!”妈妈闻讯也走了出来,两个大人寒暄了几句进了门。
我请武老师落座,这时,女王发话了:“还不快给贵宾上茶!”我急忙端上茶,毕恭毕敬地端给武老师。就开始今天的重头戏——古筝独奏《战台风》。我的手在琴弦上不停地滑动着。起初,琴声平缓而又恬静,风暴似乎还未到来,码头上的人们谈笑风生,似乎还未察觉到危险的到来。突然,琴声急促起来,风暴来了!人们四处逃命,惊慌失措。琴声慢慢缓和起来,台风停了。
老师听得如痴如醉,窗外的小鸟似乎也停止了歌唱。过了一会儿,才响起了如雷般的掌声。接下来要办正事了,武老师和妈妈聊起了我在学校里的表现,我在书桌上认真地写作业。
时间在不知不觉中溜走,武老师该走了。我在门口依依不舍地送着武老师,这真是一次难忘的女王节啊!
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法
结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
你是不是非常喜欢读科学幻想小说?
在科学幻想小说家的笔下,可怜的地球,不知被“外星人”占领了多少次。地球全无遮蔽地暴露在宇宙中,从战争的观点来看是绝不安全的。如果真的有“外星人”,而且“外星人”的文明和科技力量又足够“进犯”地球的话,那么,这一场“星球大战”显然是十分激烈的,甚至是不可避免的了。
“外星人”又是怎样的呢?
先不说他们会是怎样的一个形状,总之,他们的身体实在是稀奇古怪。一旦他们登上地球,也许他们的身体和我们接触之后,地球人类的骨骼和肌肉,都会像冰雪遇到阳光那样通通融化掉;又或许人们利用一些了不起的科学仪器,逐一对付我们,使我们每一个人都忘记了过去,忘记了自己的种族而任由他们摆布,终生做他们的奴隶;又或许他们是体积巨大而笨重的生命,地球人类在他们的眼中就像一堆小蚂蚁,不堪一击,只要他们把“手”一挥,我们整个人就被抛到太空中,然后痛苦地死去。无可否认,这对于一向勤劳、能***地球人来说,无疑是一种极大的讽刺。地球人类今日所能够做到的什么化学武器、生物和核武器等等,花样虽然层出不穷,可是,在“外星人”的心目中,这些很可能只是十足的“小儿科”,只要他们的飞碟发射出一些“光”或者“波”,地球人类所有的“精良武器”就很可能变成废铁。难怪一些太空科学家认为,在超时代的星空纪年里,地球人类的\'生命价值几乎等于零。
当然,我们也不必为此过分紧张,在寰宇浩瀚的太空中,地球人类有一定的智慧和灵活的思维,这是普通生命所不可比拟的,这也正是我们能够生存的一种保障。可以说,如果“外星人”事前没有深思熟虑就冒险闯进地球,他们也许会碰上大麻烦。有可能,我们地球大气层就是一个十分完美的保护网,“外星人”未必能应付得了;又有可能,我们吸入氧气呼出二氧化碳,喝液态水,食碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪等养料,而“外星人”或是不需要进行代谢,或是代谢型和我们地球人类截然不同,比如,他们喝硫酸和吃钢铁的话,可以肯定,他们只要踏足地球,就必定会因“给养”无着而饥寒交迫,以致毙命。同样道理,说不定我们想像中的“外星人”所驾驶的UFO宇宙飞船虽然是坚如磐石的工具,但一旦和地球上面的水相接触,就会立即化为气体或引起爆炸而熔化掉了。
所以,我们既不要把“外星人”看成强敌,也不要把他们视为弱者。说不定有一天我们漫步海边、郊野之际,在我们的面前会突然出现一头相貌稀奇古怪的东西,那就是来自外太空遥远天体的“人”。他们虽然相貌古怪,内心却善良而仁爱,他们渴望与地球人类交朋友,甚至有可能肩负着星际和平使命,是来自外太空文明的“和平使者”哩!
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
© 2022 xuexicn.net,All Rights Reserved.