我的老爸个子不高,外表看起来斯斯文文的。老爸有个独门绝技――变脸。什么?我爸这么能干?会川剧中的绝技“变脸”?唉,那你可猜错了!此“变脸”非彼“变脸”也!
这不,老爸的脸又开始变了。他从楼上走下来,看见我坐在电脑边正兴高采烈地玩游戏,脸上就开始飘来了阵阵“乌云”。“山雨欲来风满楼”,老爸应该心情不太好!我不由得放慢了呼吸,连操作鼠标都不敢大幅度移动。没想到该来的还是躲不掉!老爸几步就走到我旁边,呵斥道:“你还玩电脑?不写日记了?赶快把电脑关了!听见没有!”唉!没想到星期日连玩会儿电脑游戏也不行,我才刚刚玩呢!看看严厉的老爸,我不敢抱怨,乖乖地关掉电脑,迅速走上楼梯来到书房,苦思冥想起日记的内容来。
正当我拿着铅笔努力挤出几行字的时候,老爸许是不放心我,也推开房门走了进来。他走到我身后,探头一看,发现我才写了没几行的日记,这“乌云满布”的脸上简直是要“电闪雷鸣”了。他大声地斥责:“这么久才写了这几个字,你好意思啊?”我极度憋屈,腹诽不已:明明才一会儿,我素材都没想好呢!速度当然快不起来了!
但我又不敢顶嘴,只好低头默默地做作业,不去理睬老爸。如果我反驳老爸,我估计他的那张脸可就要从“电闪雷鸣”发展成“宇宙大爆炸”了!唉,小孩子是没有人权的!多说无益。
如果你以为老爸只会变这张脸,那可就错了。他对我是很凶,经常皱着眉头,冲我发怒,但对待他老婆――我老妈,那可是完全另一副脸色。瞧,老爸一看到老妈回来了,脸上立刻“万里无云”,甚至称得上是“艳阳高照”了,他“嘿嘿”冲老妈一笑:“老婆!你回来了?累不累?赶紧坐下来休息一会儿!”看着老爸谄媚的样子,我忍不住暗暗摇头,老爸,你在我面前的那威风样呢?男人的`尊严呢?也不知老妈用了什么方法,把老爸治得死死的!难道是老妈嘴上功夫了得?怪不得每次吵嘴都是妈妈赢呢!
唉,我家的“变脸”老爸,啥时候也让我享受一把“风和日丽”的待遇呢?
由于说明文往往是对客观事物或事理的一种介绍与解释,而这种客观的介绍与解释一般是不随时间和空间变化而改变的,比如:说明早锻炼的好处,介绍猫的`胡子的功能,解释臭氧层对人类生活的影响等等,是不受时间和空间影响的。因此,尽管有时为了特殊表达的要求,会在个别地方采用其他时态,英语说明文的基本时态还是一般现在时。下面这篇由香港学生写的充分反映了说明文的这一特点。
The Way to Achieve Success
Many successful people say that they owe much of their success to the cultivation (培养) of certain good habits in early life. In forming good habits, I think we should pay attention to four things, that is, honesty, industry (勤勉), enthusiasm (热情), and thrift (节俭)。
“Honesty is the best policy”。 This is a proverb to which we must pay attention. There are so many temptations (诱惑) in society that through a little carelessness we may go astray (走入歧途)。 But when we are honest, people will not be dishonest to us.
Industry gives every man and woman, every boy and girl, proper work to do. To do nothing is to ruin oneself.
Enthusiasm is a great force. One's soul will expand if one devotes (贡献) oneself to a noble cause. The difficulties in our way are tremendous (巨大的), but what can we not accomplish (取得), if with enthusiasm?
There are many proverbs which set forth (陈述) the advantages (好处) of thrift. Since we live in a world where money is a very powerful thing, we should always try to save part of our earnings for future use.
These are the four things to which we must pay attention. It is only in this way that we can achieve success.
由于在很多情况下,说明文是对客观存在的说明与介绍,因此语言的表述也应该尽可能地给人以客观可信的感觉,比如:
(1)I think that getting up late is not always a bad thing.
(2)It is said that getting up late is not always a bad thing.
相比之下,例(2)的语言要比例(1)的语言客观一些,容易让人接受一些。如果再作一些表述上的改动:
(3)Getting up late is not always a bad thing, according to Franklin Smith, a well-known psychologist in Stanford University.
引进著名人士作为信息的来源,可以使想要说明的内容更具有说服力。如果我们将例(3)中的always再改为necessarily,就可使整个句子更客观、委婉,便于为读者接受:
(4)Getting up late is not necessarily a bad thing, according to Franklin Smith, a well-known psychologist in Stanford University.
在英语中,采用被动语态,引进权威的信息来源以及选用委婉的词语是使说明文避免主观色彩,增加客观性,从而为读者接受的重要语言手段
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