天津高考阅读理解和作文【一】
这世界并不缺少美，而是缺少发现美的眼睛。
——罗丹
一堆本来可以造就成不朽的艺术品的树根，被木匠认为“没用”而抛弃了。木匠上山，选的是“可用”之材，要么作柱，要么作栋，再不当用，也要作椽。这堆奇形怪状的树根做得了这些吗?做不了。难怪木匠要叹息“没用”而离它们远去。
作为木匠，他衡量木头是否有用的标准就是“实用”。其实，只要我们把视野稍微扩大一些，便可发现，像木匠这样用“实用”的眼光来看待事物的人还不在少数。找对象首先看他(她家是否有钱，评判学生首先看他的分数多少，结交朋友首先看他(她是否有利用价值……市场经济体制在促进经济发展的同时，也使人们形成了急功近利的实用主义观念。
我们是唯物主义者。我们承认人要生存，首先要解决衣食住行方面的问题。讲究一点实用，追求一点功利，本也无可厚非。但我们的目光不能只盯在“实用”和“功利”上。人为万物之灵，理应有除物欲之外的更高层次的追求。除了“实用”的眼光外，我们还要有审美的眼光。
用审美的眼光去看这个世界，可以发现许多美的东西，可以造就许多可造之才。根雕艺术家用审美的眼光发现了树根身上的美，把它们雕刻成了非常有价值的艺术品;钟子期用审美的耳朵听出了俞伯牙演奏的乐曲中的美，两人成了“高山流水”的知音;蔡元培用审美的眼光发现了行伍出身的沈从文文才的美，使沈从文成了北大著名的教授。
一堆树根在根雕艺术家的手里成了有价值的艺术品，一匹平常的马在伯乐眼里成了千里马，一块石头在天文学家眼里成了陨石，这一切都因为发现者用的是“审美”的眼光，而不是世俗的“实用”的眼光。
给我，给我一双审美的“慧眼”吧!为了奇形怪状的树根不被抛弃，为了千里马不“骈死于奴隶人之手”，为了这世界上的美不再被埋没。
天津高考阅读理解和作文【二】
Make Up Your Mind to Succeed
Kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure.
The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because “everyone’s winner.” And their report cards sounded more positive（正面的）than ever before. As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PHD, calls them” the overpraised generation.”
Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. Her research
has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it. Here’s how they work:
A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent(才能 is genetic – you’re a born
artist, point guard, or numbers person. The fixed mind-set believes it’s sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame. When things get difficult, it’s quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.
On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent
and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego（自尊）isn’t on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it’s quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience.
We are all born with growth mind-sets. (Otherwise, we wouldn’t be able to live in the
world. But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets byencouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise. Dweck’s book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth. But she
says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.
( 57. What does the author think about the present generation?
A. They don’t do well at school.
B. They are often misunderstood.
C. They are eager to win in sports.
D. They are given too much praise.
( 58. A fixed mind-set person is probably one who ___ .
A. doesn’t want to work hard
B. cares a lot about personal safety
C. cannot share his ideas with others
D. can succeed with the help of teachers
( 59. What does the growth mind-set believe?
A. Admitting failure is shameful.
B. Talent comes with one’s birth.
C. Scores should be highly valued.
D. Getting over difficulties is enjoyable.
( 60. What should parents do for their children based on Dweck’s study?
A. Encourage them to learn from failures.
B. Prevent them from making mistakes.
C. Guide them in doing little things.
D. Help them grow with praise.
Not everyone who teaches in a college or university is a professor. Many are instructors or lecturers. In fact，not even all professors are full professors. Many of them are assistant or associate professors or adjunct professors.
So what do all of these different academic titles mean at American colleges and universities？Get ready for a short lecture，especially if you are thinking of a career in higher education.
Professors usually need a doctoral degree. But sometimes a school will offer positions to people who have not yet received their doctorate. This person would be called an instructor until the degree has been completed. After that，the instructor could become an assistant professor. Assistant professors do not have tenure. Tenure means a permanent appointment. This goal of greater job security is harder to reach these days. Fewer teaching positions offer the chance for tenure. Assistant professors generally have five to seven years to gain tenure. During this time，other faculty members study the person's work. If tenure is denied，then the assistant professor usually has a year to find another job.
An assistant professor who receives tenure becomes an associate professor. An associate professor may later be appointed a full professor.
Assistant，associate and full professors perform many duties. They teach classes. They advise students. And they carry out research. They also serve on committees and take part in other activities.
Other faculty members are not expected to do all these jobs. They are not on a tenure track. Instead，they might be in adjunct or visiting positions.
A visiting professor has a job at one school but works at another for a period of time. An adjunct professor is also a limited or part-time position，to do research or teach classes. Adjunct professors have a doctorate.
Another position is that of lecturer. Lecturers teach classes，but they may or may not have a doctorate.
1．In which column of a newspaper can the passage probably appear?
A．Education.
B．Entertainment.
C．Politics.
D．Sports.
2．Which of the following positions should have a doctoral degree?
A．Instructors and lecturers.
B．Assistant professors and instructors.
C．Lecturers and adjunct professors.
D．Assistant and adjunct professors.
3．According to Paragraph 3，how long can an assistant professor stay in his or her position at most?
A．13 years. B．12 years.
C．7 years.D．8 years.
4．Which one shows the correct order for a professor's development?
a．An assistant professor.
b．An instructor.
c．A full professor.
d．An associate professor.
A．b，a，d，c B．b，d，a，c
C．c，a，d，b D．b，c，a，d
5．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Those teaching in a university are all professors.
B．You'd better learn about it before being a professor.
C．Those without a doctoral degree can't find a job.
D．Professors in a university share the same duties.
答案：DADA，ADDAB
天津高考阅读理解和作文【三】
母亲躺在医院的病床上，双眼紧闭，嘴唇乌紫，她中风的脑子迷迷糊糊的，已经3天了。前两天，母亲的床前是没有人的，而今天，她的3个子女破天荒地都到齐了。老大一脸横肉，倚着床，盯着母亲，眼里有一种攫取的光。小弟小妹各有心事，又仿佛等待着什么。
病房的门被推开，一个声音叫道：“3号床，准备记忆移植。”护士的话音刚落，3个人几乎同时一跃而起。
他们3个人将同时移入母亲的记忆，原因很简单，眼看着母亲快不行了，他们私下开始讨论分遗产的问题。但由于母亲突然中风，什么话也没留下，加上3个人以前从未照顾过母亲，对母亲有多少财产谁也不知道底细。
“记忆移植进入程序。”随着医生的话，3个人立即在大脑里开始了搜寻：……一间阴暗的小屋，潮湿，肮脏……沾满油渍的锅台，落灰的橱顶……这不是母亲的 家吗?这样陌生，却又熟悉。老大心想，当自己含冤入狱时，是母亲四处奔走，解救了他;又是在这间屋里，他休养了一年，然后自己找了媚子当老婆。媚子逼着他 抢占了母亲的堂屋，把母亲赶进了这间破房。从此，自己就再没有踏进这破屋门槛。
小妹开始了“回忆”：……腹部的痉挛，巨痛袭来，生下一个血糊糊的孩子。这孩子的双眼被血糊了个严实，睁不开。有人低下头，在孩子眼上一口一口地吮，吮了七七四十九天，血淤散尽后是一双明亮的眼睛……这不是我 吗?妈说过我小时候眼睛睁不开，原来是这样。小妹的心一阵抽搐，正是这双眼睛，给了母亲多少白眼。
小弟脑海中闪出这样一幅图景：在自己家里，媳妇在大桌上吃得有滋有味，母亲却在门边的一张小凳上，手里拿着一个洋铁碗。媳妇不时用刀子般的眼光剜着母亲……这大约是去年冬天，母亲来自己家住 的那些日了。我忙得不着家，原来小蓓是这样对待母亲，难怪有一天回家看见母亲在擦眼睛，我问她，她还说没什么。
3个人都在“记忆”中泪眼模糊。他们都“回忆”到了一个大包裹，土里土气的没见过。他们怀着沉重的心情打开老屋的门，找到那个包裹，令他们大吃一惊的是，包裹是一双双崭新的保暖鞋，大大小小的，红红蓝蓝的。他们用哽咽的声音数着：“一双、两双、三双……”
