“读书不做笔记,犹如雨点落入大海,无踪无迹。”
做读书笔记虽然费点时间,但是好处颇多:勤做读书笔记可以帮助我们进一步领会和记忆读过的书的内容;勤做读书笔记可以培养独立思考和分析问题的能力;勤做读书笔记可以丰富知识,积累资料,便于经常复习,温故知新;勤做读书笔记可以提高写作能力。
Dear Mr.Smith,
I am indeed very sorry that I missed the examination on International Business English Writing you gave last Friday. I feel awful about it and want you to know what happened that day.
I suddenly fell sick early that morning and my parents had to send me to the hospital.Please find enclosed a copy of the medical bill.
I sincerely hope you can understand my situation and accept my apology. I would appreciate your allowing me to take a make-up examination. I will come to your office during your office hour on Monday to discuss this possibility with you. Once again, I apologize for any inconvenience caused.
Sincerelyyours,
Wang Hua
是读书时把一些与自己学习、工作、研究问题有关的语句、段落抄录下来。
Dear David:
I am afraid that you will think me unpardonably negligent in not having answered your letter dated 7, December sooner, but when I have told you the reason, I trust you will be convinced that the neglect was excusable. When your letter arrived, I was just in Hong Kong. As my family could not forward it to me during my absence, it has been, therefore, lying on my desk until the moment when I took it up. Now the first thing I have to hasten to do is to write to you these few lines to express my deep regret.
I enjoyed many pleasant sights during my trip. I shall be pleased to give you an account to of them when I see you next.
Sincerely yours,
Tom
读书笔记的种类
1、符号式笔记我们读书的时候,把书中重要的、或者有疑问的地方,用各种符号(例如直线、曲线、括弧、三角、问号……等等勾划出来,或在书的空白处写上批语,这种笔记,就是符号式笔记。符号式笔记使读过的书上的重点问题、疑难问题一目了然,这就为提纲笔记、摘录笔记等其它形式的笔记作好了准备。批语可以是对书中一段内容的概括,也可以是心得体会,或者是对书中某一个问题没有看懂所表示的疑问等。做符号式笔记需要注意以下几点:
(1所读的书必须是自己的。图书馆的或借别人的图书,不应该乱批乱画。
(2每一种符号所代表的意思,自己应该固定下来,不要随意改动。比如,用直线表示重要的内容,用“…”表示精采的句子或优美的词汇,用“ ”表示应当特别注意的地方,用“?”表示尚未弄懂的问题等,以后看书,就都要按自己的这个规定去使用这些符号。
(3符号不能作得过多。如果整页整页都围上圈,划上线,全都成了重点,就等于没有了重点,符号也就失去了它的意义。
(4要清楚整齐。不要把书弄得很脏,涂划得连原文都看不清楚了。以读高尔基的《海燕》为例:海燕在茫茫的大海上,狂风卷着乌云。在乌云和大海之间,海燕像黑色的闪电,在高傲地飞翔。一会儿翅膀碰着波浪,一会儿箭一般直冲向乌云,它叫喊着——就在这鸟儿勇敢的叫喊声里,乌云听出了欢乐。在这叫喊声里——充满着对暴风雨的渴望!在这叫喊声里,乌云听出了愤怒的力量,热情的火焰和胜利的信心?海鸥在暴风雨来临之前***着,——***着,它们在大海上飞窜,想把自己对暴风雨的恐惧掩藏到大海深处。
2、摘录式笔记摘录式笔记就是把我们从书上、报上看到的一些精辟的,富有哲理的,对我们很有启发的内容抄写下来。这种方法看起来比较费事,其实是一种省时省力积累知识的好办法。摘抄可以加深理解和记忆,日后查找起来,面对茫茫的书海,你就能体会到作摘录笔记的优点了。作摘录笔记时要注意以下几个问题:
(1要有选择地抄录。把文中对我们最有用、最有启发的内容抄下来,每条抄录笔记应当“少而精”。“少”指字数较少,“精”指内容把握要点。
(2要忠实原文。书里有段话,我们觉得挺好,想把它抄下来。抄的`时候,又觉得某个词用得别扭,干脆另换一个词代替,这样不行。既然是摘录,作者怎样写,我们就应怎样抄,不但词句不能改动,就连标点符号也不能改动。一段话中,前后和中间不需要摘录的文字,可以用省略号表示。
(3要注明出处。每条材料都要注明是从哪本书里第几页抄录的,作者是谁。如果是在报纸、杂志上抄录的,就要把报纸、杂志的名称、日期写上。还要注明文章的标题和作者。这样便于以后使用时查对。
3、剪贴式笔记在自己订阅的报纸、杂志上看到好的文章或者其它有用的资料及时剪下来,经过整理就是剪贴式笔记。这种方法收集材料快,也很简便。剪贴式笔记需要注意以下几点:
(1进行剪贴式笔记时要按不同的内容分类。可以准备几个用来贴剪报的本子,或者把一个本子分成几个部分,把语文知识、历史知识、自然常识等内容分别贴进去。
(2每一条剪贴的内容要注明出处、时间。即剪自哪一种杂志或报纸,哪一年哪一期等。
(3短小的剪贴笔记也可以作为读书卡片的内容。
4、感想式笔记读完一本好书或一篇好的文章,将自己的感想和体会写出来,这种读书笔记就是感想式笔记,也叫读后感。这种读书笔
Dear Dad,
Thank you very much for your letter written to me. In your letter , you not only expressed your expectation to me , but also showed all your love to me . I was deeply moved . Thanks again ,Daddy .You said ," I hope you get bravery and perseverance, and can quickly grasp living skills like a lion ". Now I want to tell you that I will try my best to do everything well and live up to your expectations . Dear father , you are a great lion in my mind .
When I am absent mind , when I am depressed, you , my dear father is always there . Your advice and encouragement guide me through many difficulties . Thank you , Dad, for your help and understanding.
I love you , Dad ,forever!
Dear professor Jackson:
I am indeed very sorry that I missed the examination you gave on Moby-Dick last Wednesday. I feel badly about it and want you to know what happened.
On my way to class that day,I had a flat tire,and I had to go with the mechanic when he repaired it. It took me more than one hour to get it done. A copy of the bill is enclosed.
I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation. I would appreciate your allowing me to take a make up examination. I will #e to your office during your office hour on Monday to discuss this possibility with you. Once again,I''m sorry fro any inconvenience caused.
Sincerely yours,
Alice
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