在语篇教学过程中,我常采用这样三个环节:1 导——设置话题,着力于激活与本语篇相关的背景知识,为学生提供建构的基础与可能,同时进行新单词新句式的适当铺垫(铺垫那些会对语篇学习形成较大障碍的内容;2 听/读——根据技能训练的不同要求,以听或读的方式为学生提供能够独立接触语篇的机会,让学生对语篇获得一个整体的、自己的感知。在此基础上,对文本进行进一步的处理,引导学生借助对文本的听或读获得信息、整理信息、转述信息,同时不断验证老师提供的学习策略或学习方法,使之逐步成为学生自己的学习经验;3 练——设置任务型的语言活动,以交流互动、有效合作等方式为学生提供语言建构的情境和机会,促进学生语言运用能力的养成。
建构主义学习理论把创设情境看做是“意义建构”的必要前提。在小学英语教学中,教师可利用多媒体和其他直观教学手段,创设有利于学习者建构意义的情景,加强对句型的感知与理解。例如,为了教学生“行为动词一般现在时态的一般疑问句式及其肯定和否定回答方式”,一位教师在教室前的黑板上方悬挂了一个气球,邀请一个男生和一个女生进行触摸气球的竞赛,并发出“Jump high and touch the balloon”的指令。男生跳得高,碰到了气球;女生则没有触摸到气球。这时,教师很自然地指着男生问其他学生:Does he iump high?学生回答:Yes,he does,再指着女生问:Does she jump high?教师得到的回答自然是No,she doesn’t,这样。学生就在这个真实的情景中自然地理解了该句型的意义。
Dear Miss Wang:
I am writing to express my sincere gratitude for your help in my study. Without your help , my study would not be the top three in my class. It was you who always standed by me when I am fall. You pointed my mistakes and told me how to make them right. You always worked tirelessly to train my patience.Your continuous encouragement is my greatest motivation.
I sincerely hope that you can have a good health and stay happy. In addition, I wonder if you can pay a lot of attention to your health, get more rest.
Again, I sincerely thank you for your help!
Dear Miss Brown,
I am writing to express my sincere thanks to you for caring me in the last two years. During the days of being your student, I learn a lot. Firstly, your serious attitude towards teaching and our students moves me too much. You inspire and push me to work harder and harder. Secondly, I fall in love with English under the influence of you. As a student of science and engineering, I’ve been thinking that English does no good to me, but you help me to find the fabulous glamour of English that leads me to know a totally different world and develop a different way of thinking. Finally, your continuous encouragement supports me a lot when I meet challenges or difficulties. You said that everything to the last will certainly become a good thing, if it is not, not yet to the last. Every time, remembering your words, I am so inspired to keep going.
Above all, I want to say thank you again and please accept my sincere appreciation. Best wishes for you.
Cruse
Mr Gao lives in a town .When he was twenty-five ,his son was born .He calls him Gao Ling .The little boy is clever .He and his wife love him very much .
It’s September 1today .A few school year begins Gao Ling is happy and wears his most beautiful clothes .He’s going to school with his new bag .
“Let me take you to school ,dear ,”said Mrs Gao .
“Thank you ,mummy ,”said the boy .“The school isn’t far from here .I can go there myself .”
At school a teacher met the little boy and asked ,“What’s your name ,my little friend ?”
“Gao Ling ,sir ,”answered the boy .
“How old are you ?”
“Six ,sir .”
“What’s your father’s name ?”
“Gao Dalin ,sir .”
“How old is he ?”
“Oh ,”the teacher said in surprise .“Is he as old as you ?”
“Yes ,sir ,”said the boy .“He became a father only on that day when I was born .”
我和我的'父亲一样老
高先生住在一个小镇上。他二十五岁时,他的儿子是天生的。他把他叫做高岭。这个小男孩很聪明。他和他的妻子非常爱他。
这是九月1今天。新学年开始高岭是快乐的,穿着最漂亮的衣服。他将背着他的新书包上学去。
“让我带你去学校,亲爱的,说:”高夫人。
“谢谢您,妈妈,”男孩说。“学校离这儿不远。我可以自己到那儿去的。”
在学校,老师遇到了小男孩问道,“你叫什么名字,我的小朋友?“
“高岭,先生,”男孩回答。
你多大了?“
“六,先生。”
你爸爸叫什么名字?“
“高大林,先生。”
他多大年纪了?“
“哦,”老师吃惊的说。“他和你一样大吗?“
“是的,先生,”男孩说。“他父亲只在那一天,当我是天生的。”
近年来,为推进学生综合语言能力的培养,中学英语语篇教学越来越受到英语教学专家和一线教师的关注。如何将建构主义教学思想应用于中学英语语篇教学?我做了如下思考与尝试。
dear teacher:
this is a special day, we have presented a bouquet of flowers, gifts to the world of your peaches and plums, spectrum a ode to joy, for your eyes flicker disperse tired, for you loosen the amount of wrinkled patterns.
the singing is a blessing: teacher, happy holidays! insatiable in learning, be tireless in teaching, peaches and plums fragrance, their music is happy and harmonious. i wish you a happy holiday! not only in the teachers day today, there is a tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, tai houtian, i wish your life every day, every minutes, every second, the surface is always the same smile.
the singing is concerned about: the teacher, you worked hard! your use of sweat, nurturing the tender shoots of spring have just ground-breaking. your care is like the genial spring, warm our hearts and minds. let us protect your healthy growth, formed in the autumn fruit.
lifes journey, you shine our light of hope, eich our minds, adding to our intelligence.
thank you, teacher! i wish you healthy forever! happy! happiness!
在语篇教学的推进过程中。需要建构的,不仅仅是学生,更需要教师的主动建构。
首先,教师新的角色意识的转换。在语篇教学的过程中,教师不仅应该是教会学生语篇的人,更应该是引导学生经历语篇学习过程的组织者、促进者。只有教师完成这种角色的转换,才能在语篇教学中思考:在学习该语篇之前。学生已经具备了什么?还需要通过学习获得什么?在此过程中我可以为他们做些什么?学生还需要哪些资源?他们有多少自主学习的空间?等等。经历了这样的思考,我们的语篇教学才会真正注重学生英语能力的培养。注重学生的英语学习能力和学习习惯的培养。
“书读百遍,其义自见”,只有这种解读和理解才能使得我们对教材的使用成为建立在每一个不同教师原有教学经验之上的内化和建构,才能真正用出“精彩”。
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