1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
望不见它粉嫩的肌肤、碧绿的拂袖,只闻得它脂粉沁香。我停下脚步,浸没在这梦幻般的花香中。“好香啊!和以前外祖母家的一样香!”母亲像孩子似的贪婪地呼吸着甜香,又忽然回过神来:“明明是你外祖母种得更甜香!记得我小时候啊,你外祖母还会挑最漂亮的一株,去掉上面的小刺,编花冠给我戴呢!”
母亲骄傲地说着,又拍拍脑袋,做外祖母轻抚的样子。我诧异地伫在那儿,看到母亲的童心未泯。“你外祖母呀,手就是那么巧!
每到过年,她总会用面团捏成小动物,什么小狗啦,老黄牛啦,活灵活现。蒸好了,分给各家小孩子们吃。”母亲津津有味地描述着,在我的脑海中塑造着一个个活灵活现的小动物。“真的吗?那母亲等过年也给我做,我要小兔子,行吗?”我瞪着大眼睛向母亲渴望着。又一次,母女俩靠得那么近。“
哈哈!可惜我太笨,手艺失传了。不过我女儿这么心灵手巧,跟着外祖母学定能学会。”“太好啦,跟外祖母学,一定很有意思!”蔷薇花香隐隐地弥漫,母女俩开心地笑起来。若梦境未醒的欢愉。风袭来,梦幻般的香气消失了。母亲醒来,垂下头继续往前走:“可惜,人已经不在了呀……”那时,我醒来了。
望见母亲那泛白的鬓角,母亲一直在后悔,后悔在做女儿的时候没有爱惜母亲的那份爱。这是怎样的两代母女的、亲情的羁绊?我跑上前去,主动牵起母亲的手,紧紧地。毕竟,有多少爱可以重来?
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
“床前明月光,疑是地上霜。举头望明月,低头思故乡。”我想,对于这首诗大家都很熟悉吧?这首诗叫《静夜思》,是唐代伟大诗人李白的作品,表达的是思乡之情。这首诗虽然只有区区二十个字,但就流传非常广泛,它几乎是全世界华人耳熟能详的一首名篇。
听到这首诗,大家都会想起一年一度的“中秋节”,“中秋节”又称为,“八月半”、“月夕”、“月节”,又因为这一天月亮满圆,象征团圆,又称为“团圆节”。相传,古时候有一个叫后羿的英雄,射下了九个太阳。并严令最后一个太阳按时起落,为民造福。后羿因此受到百姓的尊敬和爱戴,娶了个美丽善良的妻子,名叫嫦娥。不少志士也慕名前来投师学艺,心术不正的蓬蒙也混了进来。一天,后羿到昆仑山访友求道,巧遇由此经过的王母娘娘,便向王母娘娘求得一包不死药。据说,服下此药,能即刻升天成仙。然而,后羿舍不得撇下妻子,只好暂时把不死药交给嫦娥珍藏。嫦娥将药藏进梳妆台的百宝匣里,不料被小人蓬蒙看见了,他想偷吃不死药自己成仙。三天后,后羿率众徒外出狩猎,心怀鬼胎的蓬蒙假装生病,留了下来。待后羿率众人走后不久,蓬蒙手持宝剑闯入内宅后院,威逼嫦娥交出不死药。嫦娥知道自己不是蓬蒙的对手,危急之时她当机立断,转身打开百宝匣,拿出不死药一口吞了下去。嫦娥吞下药,身子立时向天上飞去。由于嫦娥牵挂着丈夫,便飞落到离人间最近的月亮上成了仙。
不要再听传说了,“中秋节”已经到来了,今天,我们怀着兴高采烈的心情回到外婆家,傍晚,又大又亮的圆月缓缓地升起,我的家人也开始欢聚一堂,吃起团圆饭来,饭桌上摆满了各式各样的菜,比如:土鸡、烧鸭、扣肉等等。吃完了团圆饭,孩子们一蹦一跳的跑上楼顶,大人们就在准备吃的。这时率先达到楼顶我们,开始活动起来,我开始说话了:“趁他们没上来,我们先来做一些活动吧?”表妹着急的说:“我们来背关于中秋的古诗吧。”我们的一致的同意,我抢答了:“但愿人长久,千里共婵娟。《水调歌头》吧!”大家齐点头,叫好。我笑眯眯的忍不住满脸通红。我们还进行了许多游戏;重要的环节到了,吃月饼,我们孩子迫不及待的想吃到月饼,大人们切好之后,我们每人同时把月饼放到嘴里,大家都说:“好吃,太好吃了!”
又香又甜的月饼放到嘴里,温暖了我们心田,让我们一起在家人的陪伴下,在中秋佳节里,共度欢乐。
茂盛的树阴下,知了在欢快地唱着歌,我静静地欣赏着这一切,感觉自己又回到了童年时代的美好生活。
小时候,妈妈带我去乡下,什么都不知道的我,到了那里,竟然被一种自然的景色吸引住了,从那一刻起,我知道了什么是一种自然的美。
一个个小草房虽然简单,破陋,但它却是温暖的,因为那里的每一个人都是纯朴的,善良的。
一块块四季翠绿的菜园,是农民用劳苦换来的,金黄的油菜花谢了,结出了密密的嫩荚;黑白相间的蚕豆花谢了,长出了小指头似的豆荚;雪白的萝卜花谢了,结出了一蓬蓬的种子。这一块块菜地有了农民们的关爱,不论什么时候,不论什么季节,都是一片诱人的翠绿。展示着一种自然的和谐之美。
每当太阳落下山后,在微风中,一缕红霞照耀着乡村的时候,农民就会把饭菜搬到门前,天高地阔地吃起来,有说有笑。一幅其乐融融的样子。
吃过晚饭,他们便三三两两地聚在一起聊天,即使空中的鸟儿从他们头顶上飞过,这些善良的村民也不会伤害它们。
到了晚上,大自然有音乐家——蝉就会唱起一首美妙的歌,那歌声清脆悦耳,胜过摇篮曲,让那些忙了一天的人们,甜甜蜜蜜地进入梦乡。
茂盛的树阴投下一片片暗绿。那只知了可能也没有原本活泼,但是它在我心中永远最活泼、可爱。因为它让我回忆起了去乡下时的快乐时光。我爱它。
你说你不曾见过时光,我说它可就在你眼前。我常在午后伸手去迎窗外黄澄澄的日光,也常在雨前望着低低着的云层,我在不久前见过遥遥的群山,也会在分秒之后与浪涛问好。你说你不曾见过时光,我说时间荒废得好就成了好的时光。
和家人一起荒废时光,中秋月圆,一方圆桌,从空中洒下阳台的透亮而又细碎的月光。母亲时不时的一两句哼吟,父亲摩挲手掌的憨笑与静默流淌着温柔水波的目光。我吃着最喜欢的豆沙馅的月饼,暂时忘却那些复杂的单词、公式,心中充盈的只有温暖与安适。
和朋友一起荒废时光,几辆颜色各异的脚踏车,不再装着习题书而是水与食物的背包,逆风前行时耳边掠过的欢笑声。河畔旁的草地上铺开的带着褶皱的方格餐布,拥挤着分享食物与心事的一个午后,垂柳继续抽条,野花与心中的向日葵就这样悄然绽放。
和陌生人一起荒废时光,走在路上的一个无意的侧身,排队时一句好心的提醒,不小心掉落却又在几经转折后回到手中的物品。人与人之间的温度在这样无比轻微的细节里升温,不用担心陌生的城市与路途,因为你知道好的时光充满未知,需要勇气与信心来填满。
和自己一起荒废时光,翻开一本书掸去书页上的灰尘,不再是满目的数学题不用去揣度老师的用意怎样才能拿最高的分数,满足自己小小的私欲,随着主人公一起过另一种人生。夜幕降临,便提笔,潇潇洒洒的记述一段趣事、一程风雨,人生百态,此时的方圆几里只有静静流淌的时光与秉持赤子之心的你我。
被工作与学习占满的时光虽意义卓群,但那不是唯一最好的时光。最好的时光还要用来“荒废”,用来和各种各样的人与事物一起共度。正如《踏雪寻梅》中所唱,一只毛驴,一个晴天,一缕花香,一串叮铃作响的铃铛和一个意性正浓的你我。
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
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