One day, Paula and Richard decided to make a kite.
First they went out and found two straight sticks of the same length. They brought them back home and tied them with a piece of string into the shape of a cross. Then they took some string and used it to tie the four ends of the sticks together. Then, they spread some brightly coloured paper over the frame and glued it around the string.They stuck a tail made of paper to one of the corners, and tied a long string to the centre of the kite.
On the next windy day, they took the kite to a hill near their house and flew it.
一天,保罗和理查德决定做一个风筝。
首先,他们出门找了两根一样长的直木棍。他们把木棍带回家,用一根绳子把它们绑成十字形。然后他们又拿了些绳子,把木棍的四个顶端连在一起。然后,他们把一些颜色鲜艳的纸涂上胶水,粘在风筝的框架上。他们将纸做的尾巴粘在一角,在风筝中间系上一根长绳。
在接下来的一个有风的日子里,他们就在家附近的小山上放风筝了。
The end of the summer,should have a good rest! But my mother is very busy。 As the daughter of course I want to help my mother to do some。 Early in the morning I got up, washed the dishes, sweep the floor, cooking and so on, at noon, I tired, lying on the bed, fan fan, more comfortable。 终于放暑假了,应该好好歇歇了!可是妈妈很忙。作为女儿的我当然要帮妈妈分担些了。一大清早的我就起来了,帮妈妈洗碗,扫地,做饭等等,到了中午,我快累死了,往床上一躺,扇扇电风扇,舒服多了。
nowadays, we can see some boys and girls who live in a small world of their own. they bury themselves among books and are proud of themselves. they think that it will make them lose their face if they do housework for they often think themselves very noble.
these young people are wrong. in my opinion every student should have a knowledge of housework. after all, they will have a family of their own, and they should do their part in keeping a good home. boys should also learn to do housework, for what will they do if they remain single? though not all boys remain single,yet they will be very helpful in the family if they know some housework. anyhow they will not lose anything, but, on the contrary, they will gain something useful.
for what i said above, we can find some eamples of our fellow-students studying abroad. all young men do housework as girls do. someone would argue that we can employ servants. this is true.however, what shall we do if the servant leaves us and all things are left to ourselves? we just cannot leave our clothes as they are and let worms and ants eat them up. and what can we do it we go and study in a foreign country where servants are out our means to employ? we must work for ourselves. why not start to learn to do housework now or else it will be too late? everyone should learn to do housework. what do you think about my idea, boys and girls?
(一)图像的解释
图像通常指image,icon,picture和它们的衍生词。在人类文明的历史上,图像先于文字产生,象形文字就是从图形变化来的,先有图再有字。自然界是人所面对的对象,图像是对自然的模仿,也是人类认识自然的方式。文字是图像的抽象化,是人类认识自然和交流信息的高级形态。人类对图像的接受是一种视觉的***和饥渴,通过图像来识别很多东西,同时也可满足自己的一种审美要求。
图像输入策略是用来激励学习者学习语言的兴趣的,而兴趣又是基于理解之上的。否则,学习者的学习动机就不会被激发,从而导致对自己缺乏自信,甚至产生焦灼感。因此,教师在输入时,要尽可能选择学习者感兴趣的并能使他们自然灵活掌握的策进行图像输入,指有助于学生感性地理解语言材料的各种工具和方法,包括直观教具(用于课堂教学的视觉形象材料,如黑板、道具、实物等)和电化教学设备(利用光、聲、电原理设计的各种现代化视听工具,如幻灯、图影、录音机、录像机等)。这两类直观手段都能摆脱课堂教学时空的束缚,将各种生活情景生动活泼地展现在学生眼前,从而有利于学生感知和思维。它能提供大量真实逼真的语言交际情景,使教师传递的语言信息更具形象性、层次性、连贯性和逻辑性,有助于学生按逻辑顺序思维,加速对外语信息的理解和吸收;有助于学生对外语材料的感知、理解、吸收和内化,有助于强化学生的注意力,引导学生对知识的整理和归纳。学生在此状态下,兴趣浓,积极主动性高,注意力集中,思维敏捷,想象活跃,加速了语言输入的过程。
(二)创设运用语言情景
图像输入主要是用来创设情景的。学生在特定的情境中,其主动参与意识会更强。通过创设情景,学生一开始就进入口语合作的氛围,激发学生说话的兴趣,给学生提供语言交流的平台,使学生在情景中运用课文的套句、语汇,两人或多人一组进行表演。教师要将情景与日常生活结合起来,努力给学生创造一个心理自由和心理安全的环境,让他们抛开害羞、怯懦等不良情绪,积极主动地参与,充满隋感地倾诉。成功的外语课堂教学应在课内创设更多情景,让学生有机会运用自己所学的语言材料。那么如何创设语言情景呢?扩充教学手段,丰富课堂内容,提供学习示范是关键。可利用多种手段或媒体,如挂图、投影图片、录像、声音模拟等图像输入来创设语言情景。学生置身于这种情景之中,在教师的启发下便会情不自禁地想用所学的语言来表达自己的感受、看法、设想或者是疑问。这种疑问可以是关于语言情景方面的,也可以是关于语言表达遇到的各种障碍,或者是自己创设的由感而知的与主题有关的感受及设想,由此与主题相关的诸多内容也逐渐地丰富起来,学生应尽可能全面地用语言倾诉出来。
It was sunny and very hot today。I got up early and helped my parents cook breakfast。 Then I washed the dishes and cleaned the room。 After a short rest I did my homework in the morning。 In the afternoon I went swimming in the nearest swimming pool with my friends。 It was really cool to swim in such a hot day。 I surfed the internet and read a storybook in the evening。 I really had a busy and interesting day。 今天天气晴朗比较热。 我起得很早,帮父母做早饭。然后我洗碗打扫屋子。休息一会后我上午做作业。 下午我和朋友去我家最近的.游泳池游泳。 在如此炎热的夏天游泳的确很棒。 晚上我上网、看故事书。我今天很忙过得很有趣。
(一)图像在教学中的最大优势——形象性
图像具有非凡的表现力。课堂教学中有许多内容,用文字去表述会比较抽象,而用图像去表现时却十分形象。图像具有信息量大、现场感强、直观感强、容易记忆、便于再现等特点,能充分地激活课堂的教学气氛,给教学注入新的活力。它可以多方面、多角度,以不同的形式描述某一事物,提供直观的教学素材,克服文字与口头表达形象性弱的缺点,有助于学生观察能力、自学思维能力的培养。
(二)符合初中学生的认知心理
图像输入具有直观性、新颖性、多样性和趣味性,形象生动的图像,既能提高学习效率,又能集中学生注意力,提高教学效果。图像的`运用能最大限度地调动不同感官在学习中的作用,使学生确立鲜明的、完整的表象,把注意力集中到学习的对象上,从而产生强烈的学习***和运用语言来表达的***。这种强烈的求知欲正是学生学习知识技能必须具备的内驱动力。初中学生年龄小,心理不够成熟,认知较直观,注意力不容易长时间集中,形象思维比较突出,对感性的事物较容易理解,对理性的知识则不易理解,课堂教学活动只有形式多样化,才能吸引学生注意力,激发兴趣。在教学中通过生动的语言、实物、动作、图像等创设一定的、真实的、有趣的情景,进行丰富多彩的课堂组织活动,可以激发学生的学习兴趣,充分发挥学生的主观能动性,让学生在模仿中熟悉和感知语言知识。
总之,运用图像进行英语教学,突破了传统教学的局限,提供了丰富的声像并茂的语言内容,最接近语言实际的自然语境,能使学生在真切的语境中学习到活的语言,实现语言习得的目标。
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