读书笔记分为摘录笔记、提纲笔记、评注笔记、心得笔记四种。
摘录笔记就是把所读文章的好句子、好材料摘录下来的笔记。这种笔记有的同学小学时就做过,但是坚持下来的人很少。摘录笔记做多了,经常读一读,对于提高我们的语言表达能力很有帮助,在时可以参考、模仿,有的甚至可以直接引用。
提纲笔记就是把所读文章的要点归纳记录下来的笔记。它对于我们阅读分析很有帮助,也有助于我们提高作文的构思能力。
如果所读的书是自己的书,还可以在书的空白处写下自己看法、疑问、评论等,也可以做一些记号。这就是评注笔记。它会加强我们对文章的理解、记忆,作文时如果要参考、模仿渡过的文章,有没有做过评注的,效果大不一样。
心得笔记简单的就是扼要地写一写读书的心得,可以不过多考虑格式,把心得记下来即可。上一讲我们说找文章的“眼睛”,实际就是一种心得,你把它记录下来,不用过多地展开议论,这就是心得笔记。
广义地讲,读后感也是心得笔记之一,但人们一般都把读后感独立地提出来讲解和练习。我们也这样做。
——读《金冠的秘密》有感
前几天,我读了一则故事。其内容是,古希腊的一位科学家叫阿基米徳,他在一次洗澡时发现了水的浮力原理。据此,他解开了金冠的秘密。原理是:拿两只大小都相等的罐子,把金冠和一个与它同样重的金块,分别放入装满水的罐子里。水从罐子溢出时,用两个盘子接着,再把两盘水称一下。若放金冠的罐子溢出的水多,说明金冠不是纯金的。这个故事给我的启示是:处处留心皆学问。
世界上的万事万物,都有它自身存在和运行的规律。这些规律有许多我们并不知道。要认识世界,掌握规律,学到知识,就要去留心观察。如果不留心,知识永远不会自动跑到我们的头脑中来。有一次,我家的窗户上结了冰。爸爸问我是怎么回事。我随口说道:“不就是热胀冷缩嘛!”爸爸告诉我要注意观察。经过一次次的观察思考,我才发现了其中的秘密。原来,暧空气遇到冷玻璃形成了水珠,晚上气温下降就结了冰。
我们许多人都洗过澡,为什么阿基米德洗澡的时候,就知道怎么解开金冠的迷呢?阿基米德并不比我们多长一个脑袋,也不多长一只胳膊。他发现水的浮力,是因为他留心观察,才得出结论。如果不留心,他洗一万次澡也不会知道什么是水的浮力。有的同学可能会说:“书本上学到的知识我们没有留心观察,不也掌握了,你说的处处留心皆学问不全对。”其实,书本上的知识也是前人留心观察的结果。就说我们学的地球引力吧,它就是牛顿留心观察发现的。有一次,牛顿坐在苹果树下看书,一只苹果掉在了他的头上,他想为什么苹果不往上掉呢?他留心了这个问题,才知道了地球的引力。
没有一项发明是睡觉睡出来的。我想:一个人只要勤于观察、 勤于思考、勤于试验,不怕失败,就一定能取得成功。
写这种没有约束的“自由”的读后感,不少人比写的读后感要生动、实在,原因就在于“自由”二字,如果你在考试作文时,也保持这种轻松自由的心态,恐怕写出来的作文要多得不少分。仅从这一点分析,经常写一些“自由”的读后感,是不是可以减少你在考试时的紧张的不正常的心理压力,使作文写得更好呢?
Dear Sir/Madam:
As a teacher at xxxx school, I am writing to provide you a recommendation for Miss/Mr.xx so as to help you assess her/his application for acceptance into your program and consideration for financial aid.
Considered a promising student with originality and sophistication in her/his thinking, (she/he was asked, in the spring semester of 2008, to develop a subsystem of a DBMS project for her B.S.thesis, for which I was the chief leader. T
his subsystem was designed to manage the information of materials in NO.1 Foundry Plant of Dongfeng Auto Works.To do the job, she/he read many books about software engineering and took some courses in Database Principles and Management. Keenly aware that the design of a DBMS decides the quality of the whole software system, she did her/his utmost from the beginning of the project.(参加过什么活动. From analyzing users requirements to designing the whole system, from the detailed designing to the final programming, she was very level-headed and full of innovation every step of the way. Taking full advantage of her ability and creativity, she firmly focused herself on her objective and gnored all distractions. She successfully reached her goal. In the final software testing, only a few bugs were found in her subsystem. My appreciation of her talelent was thus confirmed.Miss is a very personable woman, friendly and helpful, and she has always been a team player in her work.
I would greatly appreciate it if you could give her application for candidacy to your Ph.D. program favorable consideration. Should you need any further information in your deliberation, please do not hesitate to contact me.
Sincerely xxxx
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