是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的地方,从该行的顶格写起,在称呼后面一般用逗号(英国式),也可以用冒号(美国式)。
(1)写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时,用Dear或My dear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名(这里指名字,不是姓氏)。例如:My dear father,Dear Tom等。
(2)写给公务上的信函用Dear Madam,Dear Sir或Gentleman(Gentlemen)。注意:Dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。Gentlemen总是以复数形式出现,前不加Dear,是Dear Sir的复数形式。
(3)写给收信人的信,也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如:Dear Prof. Tim Scales, Dear Dr.John Smith。
在正文下面的一、二行处,从信纸的中间偏右处开始,第一个词开头要大写,句末用逗号。不同的对象,结束语的写法也不同。
(1)写给家人、亲戚,用Your loving grandfather,Lovingly yours,Lovingly等;
(2)写给熟人、朋友,用Yours cordially,Yours affectionately等;
(3)写业务信函用Truely yours(Yours truely),Faithfully yours(Yours faithfully)等;
(4)对上级、长辈用Yours obediently(Obediently yours),Yours respectfully(Respectfully yours)等。
Beloved father and mother:
How do you do!
If you are the water, then I am the small fish in the water; if you are the blue sky, I am the little bird flying in the sky; if you are the sea, I am the coral reef in the sea.
It is very early to tell you what I have said in my heart. I have never had a chance to tell you about it in the middle of the exam.
When I was born, you were afraid of money and sent me to the countrys aunts house. An aunt to me very well, when I get married daughter, I live very happily. At the age of nine, you sent me to the home of the great man in the city, where I had been suffering for three years because they did not see me as a man. Three years later, back to you, I think I will be very happy and happy, but you...
Because Im not growing up with you, you dont trust me, you know how I want your understanding and trust!
Remember that year, one night, you know that I called the countrys aunt, you gave me a meal, looked at the body of blood, I couldnt help crying, but you are screwing my ears, my heart is very painful, more painful. And let me kneel on the floor brick for two or three hours. You too did not understand me, they bear bitter hardships to bring me up, shouldnt I call them?
You know, how I hope to get your understanding!
On that day, the teacher asked to pay the book for twenty yuan. When I speak to you, your great response, Dad shouted to me: \"tomorrow let your teacher to write a check up, is not really to pay!\" your mother is saying: \"I ask tomorrow!\" you know, you hurt her pure heart ah! The second day, the teacher call you, after confirming you dont apologize to me, but that day for money!
You know how I want to get your trust!
Its the wind! You blow a little faster and wake up your mom and dads brain! Let them wake up!
Small fish also need freedom, birds need to understand, and coral reefs need trust, isnt it?
Mom and Dad, just ask the wind to tell you what I think!
This
Salute!
Your daughter: X
* * * * year * day
用以注明写完信的时间,写在署名之后或下边。有时写信人还加上自己的所在的地点,尤其是在旅途中写的信,更应如此。
低于结束语一至二行,从信纸中间偏右的地方开始,在结束语的正下方,在签完名字的下面还要有用打字机打出的名字,以便识别。职务、职称可打在名字的下面。当然,写给亲朋好友的信,就不必再打了。
亲爱的xx: 你好!......(此处写问候语
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.........................
..........................................
...........................................
..................................
此致
敬礼!
你的xx:xxx
x年x月x日
①称呼:顶格,有的还可以加上一定的限定、修饰词,如亲爱的等。
②问候语:如写“你好”、“近来身体是否安康”等。独立成段,不可直接接下文。否则,就会违反构段意义单一的要求,变成多义段了。
③正文。这是信的主体,可以分为若干段来书写。
④祝颂语。以最一般的“此致”、“敬礼”为例。“此致”可以有两种正确的位置来进行书写,一是紧接着主体正文之后,不另起段,不加标点;二是在正文之下另起一行空两格书写。“敬礼”写在“此致”的下一行,顶格书写。后应该加上一个惊叹号,以表示祝颂的诚意和强度。 称呼和祝颂语后半部分的顶格,是对收信人的一种尊重。是古代书信“抬头”传统的延续。古人书信为竖写,行文涉及对方收信人姓名或称呼,为了表示尊重,不论书写到何处,都要把对方的姓名或称呼提到下一行的顶头书写。它的基本做法,为现代书信所吸收。
⑤具名和日期。写信人的姓名或名字,写在祝颂语下方空一至二行的右侧。最好还要在写信人姓名之前写上与收信人的关系,如儿×××、父×××、你的朋友×××等。再下一行写日期。 如果忘了写某事,则可以在日期下空一行、再空两格写上“又附”,再另起行书写未尽事宜。
商业英文书信,一般都要求用打字机或电脑整齐地打印,左边各行开头垂直的,称为垂直式或齐头式(Block style),美国常用这种格式;每段的`第一个词缩进去,称为缩进式或锯齿式(indented style),英国常用此格式。垂直式的职务及签名都在左边的边栏界线,这种格式,在极度尊重工作效率的美国公司,已普遍采用,其它英语写作《英语书信格式与称谓的差异》。正式的商业英语书信要在称呼的上方写上收信公司名称和地址或收信人的名字全称、的职务及地址,称为信内地址(Inside address)。信内地址的写法也有垂直式和缩进式之分,垂直式和称美国式将各行并列,缩进式或称英国式将各行依次退缩。
信件如果有附件,可在信纸的左下角,注上Encl:或Enc:,例如:Encl:2 photos(内附两张照片)。如果福建附件不止一项,应写成Encl:或Encs。
我们有时可看到在称呼与正文之间有Re:或Subject:(事由)字样。一般在信纸的中间,也可与“称呼”对齐。还应在底下加横线,以引起读信人的注意,使收信人便于在读信之前就可了解信中的主要内容。事由一般在公务信函中使用,也可以省略。
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