人之美在于“肌理细腻骨肉匀”(杜甫《丽人行》),文章之美也同样体现在“骨肉”的匀称上,即鲜活的事例与雄辩的论证巧妙的融合。事例论证容易走入两个误区:其一,只讲故事,没有分析。这类考生通常积累了许多素材,但不会利用,只是生硬地叙述情节,这样就违背了议论的宗旨。其二,只讲套话,空洞说教。这类考生平时不重积累临场凑字,没有事例的支撑再多的议论也是乏弱无力的。例如20xx年满分作文海南考生《思维解读幸福》“楚之屈原,于‘举世浑浊而我独清,众人皆醉而我独醒’中决不同流合污,投身汨罗江,死亡的虽然是血肉的身躯而升华的却是永恒的幸福”。
“言而不文,行而不远”,优美的语言同样是一篇范文所不可或缺的。修辞在文章中恰倒好处的运用是增强语言感染力、丰富文采的重要手段。常用的修辞手法,如比喻、排比、引用、反复等都能很好的效果。例如:《海棠依旧?绿肥红瘦?》“张志和渴求隐逸,而在桃花流水中,青箬笠,绿蓑衣,斜风细雨不须归;林黛玉在冷雨敲窗之时倍感寄人篱下的凄凉,便觉秋窗秋不尽了,风雨却还要助凄凉;刘禹锡心胸开阔,众人悲秋,他却从排云而上的白鹤中品出了诗情,欢歌‘秋日胜春朝’
可以是题材本身新,也可以是手法新,旧题材写出新意。题材还可以也应该进行合理虚构。选材时,要尽量写校园外的,要尽量写自己熟悉的,要尽量写有一定的典型性的(能够以小见大,要尽量写一个片断,要尽量写能展开的(展开后能出彩的。
贯彻医院的是main road,第一部分以大门为参照物,介绍了靠大门且通过main road东西相对的急诊楼和门诊楼。
第二部分以湖为参照物,中心线还是main road,介绍其他分诊楼、实验室、放射室等。
第三部分写main road尽头的建筑物。
这样,繁多的细节显得井井有条。因此,选择好主线及参照物是决定文章成功的关键。
Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition about“THE LAYOUT OF A HOSPITAL”. Locate some important departments in the hospital based on the information given below.Your composition should be no less than 120 words.
(1)the Emergency Department
(2)the Out-patient Department
(3)the Surgery Department
(4)the Dispensary
(5)the Physician Department
(6)the Eye,Ear,and Throat Department
(7)the Dental Department
(8)the Laboratory
(9)the X-ray Department
(10)the Administrative Building
(11)the Ward
古人认为,写文章要有“起、承、转、合”四步,这不仅适用于古人作文,对于今天用来规范考生写作,强化文体意识也是非常有帮助的。所谓“起”,就是文章的开头即阐明观点;“承”,就是一般性地解释观点,明确论证的角度;“转”,就是转到素材的导入、事例的分析;“合”,即文章的收尾点明主旨、升华主题。以上四字口诀不仅指导考生把握全文的结构层次而且是局部分点论证的重要依据。例如:20xx年高考满分作文江苏考生《稳中求胜》“沉稳从志而来。一个人若没有远大的志向,只沉迷于现实的花花世界之中,自然无法拥有沉稳的性格。班超投笔从戎,志在报国,在对匈奴的一战中从容不迫,沉稳冷静,终弘扬国威不叫胡马度阴山。林则徐斩钉截铁,志在禁烟,在与洋人的交涉中不卑不亢,稳中含刚,终虎门硝烟,让洋人胆战心寒。有远大的志向,眼光便放得远,心胸会沉稳下来,故曰:非有志者不能稳也。”
The Layout of a Hospital Near the gate,on the westside of the road is the Emergency Department. Opposite the Emergency Department across the Main Road is the Out-patient Department. The building to the southwest of the lake is the Dispensary,which face the Surgery Department lying on the other side of the road.Along the west wall,from south to north,stand three buildings:the Physician Department,the Eye,Ear,and Throat Department,and the Dental Department.
The Laboratory is to the northwest of the round about,and beside the Laboratory,the X-ray Department is located on the same side of the road. A winding road by the lake leads to the Ward.
Near the end of the Main Road,the Administrative Building is situated on the east side.The hospital is nicely and conveniently laid out.
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