Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
首先来个自我介绍,我姓彭,名序觉。这的确是个很俗的名字,上天真是不公平,谁叫我老爸就按照着族谱来给我取名字。但家人总是在叫我名字时念走音,叫我“阿杰”。但是在小学老师教会我汉语拼音时已经太迟了,因为他们叫惯了、我也听惯了。
我在上小学时很听话,没有哭。小学与幼儿园不同,要起得特别早,还要坐学校巴士来回。当天,还没到六点就被老妈叫醒,还要我一大早就乘学校巴士去上学,我很想哭但是我不能哭,因为哥哥说上了小学后不能哭,不然老师会打我的。老妈还叫我不需要怕,她说“巴士佬”也姓彭,跟我算是“同宗”。奇怪了,我又多了一位“巴士佬”亲戚。不过我对巴士少了一些的恐惧。
老妈今天陪我到校,带我到班上门前就走了。我读“H”班,同坐是一位女生,她叫做芷欣。班主任也是一名女教师,她要我们叫她芳老师。老师一说要选班长,大家就吵着要当班长。老师最后选了一名男同学当正班长,芷欣当副班长。我不知道“班长”是什么,而且幼儿园从来没有这种东西。
我后来知道班长可以在老师不在时叫同学不要吵,在老师进班时喊“起立”,多么威风。我讨厌芳老师偏心没选我做班长,其实我是妒忌芷欣当副班长。她很喜欢欺负我,我也很想讨厌她,骂她不要以为当了班长就了不起!但是看见她那么可爱就无法讨厌她了。
开学几天后我们就成了好朋友,我们喜欢在上课时聊天,有说有笑、无话不谈。我们说家里父母亲的事、兄弟姐妹的事、宠物的事、每天每日发生的事等等。我们总有说不完的故事。我向她吹嘘说我家的“嘀嘀”会用两只脚站起来,还会听我命令向我握手。它其实只不过是一只会乱撒尿拉屎的普通褐毛小狼犬,不过她却相信了。
“喂!阿杰,有人打来找你”。第一个打电话到我家来找我的女生也是芷欣,上课时我们交换了电话,没想到她真的打来了。老妈脸上奇怪的表情弄得我有点害羞、不敢去接电话。“哈喽,你是谁?”“喂,我是芷欣啊!”“喔,原来是你!”“嘿,我跟你讲……”
自从上次的.通话后,我们几乎每天都会给彼此打电话,总要说说话、聊聊天。也因为这样,全家人都笑我有了女朋友,哥哥还说我以后要娶她做老婆。我听了很生气,芷欣是我第一个这么好的朋友,我不要变成像老爸老妈那样,很好的女生朋友又不一定要结婚,我不要生一大堆的宝宝。
以后回到家乡过新年,当亲戚们问起我时,老妈就会告诉他们关于我和芷欣的事。我一遇到他们,他们就会说;“阿杰,你的那个女朋友芷欣呢?做么没有带回来给我们看啊?”,另一个就会接道:“是啊!……”之后就会一个接一个说得没完没了。
芷欣是我的好朋友,我不喜欢他们这样说她的名字……
一年过去了,芷欣的成绩非常好,她进到了前面班。而我进到了后面班。接下来的五年里我们再也没有同一班过。上了二年级,我再也不与女生多说话,再也不曾找到一份有着一点相似的友谊。
to prevent H7N9 we should know some common sense. First of all, it is important for us to prevent H7N9 from ourselves. For example, clean our hands frequently.
Sencondly, do more exercises. Such as running. Lastly, change our diet to keep balence. For example, eat more types of vegetables and drink more water
Expert tips on how to prevent avian influenza H7N9 collated by current argument data dictionary
1.平时加强体育锻炼,多休息,避免过度劳累,不吸烟,勤洗手;注意个人卫生,打喷嚏或咳嗽时掩住口鼻。
1 usually strengthen physical exercise, rest more, avoid excessive overworked, do not smoke, wash their hands; pay attention to personal hygiene, when sneezing or coughing and cover your nose and mouth.
2.保持室内清洁,使用消毒液清洗的地毯,避免使用难以清洗的地毯,保持地面、天花板、家具及墙壁清洁,确保排水道通畅;保持室内空气流通,应每天开窗换气两次,每次至少10分钟,或使用抽气扇保持空气流通;尽量少去 空气不流通的场所。
2 keep the room clean, use disinfectant cleaning carpets, avoid the use of hard to clean the carpet, keep the floor, ceiling, furniture and walls clean, to ensure smooth drainage channel; maintains the indoor air circulation, ventilation windows should be at least two times a day, 10 minutes each time, or use a fan to keep air circulation; as little as possible to airless places.
3.注意饮食卫生,进食禽肉、蛋类要彻底煮熟,加工、保存食物时要注意生、熟分开;养成良好的卫生习惯,搞好厨房卫生,不生食禽肉和内脏。解剖活(死家禽、家畜及其制品后要彻底洗手。
3, pay attention to food hygiene, eating meat, eggs should be thoroughly cooked, processing, preservation of food to the attention of raw, cooked separately; develop good health habits, good kitchen hygiene, do not eat raw poultry meat and offal. Anatomy of living (dead to wash hands thoroughly, livestock and poultry products.
同时,在户外洗手不方便的时候,可以使用免洗洗手液,随身携带,随时随地隔离病菌,呵护您的健康。
At the same time, when the outdoor hand-washing is not convenient, can use hand sanitizer, carry whenever and wherever possible, isolate the pathogen, take care of your health.
4.发现疫情时,应尽量避免与禽类接触;公众特别是儿童应避免密切接触家禽和野禽。
4 found in the epidemic, should avoid contact with poultry; the public especially children should avoid close contact with poultry and wild birds.
5.注意生活用具的消毒处理。禽流感病毒不耐热,100°C下一分钟即可灭活。对干燥、紫外线照射、汞、氯等常用消毒药都很敏感。
5 pay attention to disinfection and living appliances. Avian influenza viruses do not heat, 100 ° C, one minute can be inact
大自然是充满生机的,有时它是一组旋律,有时她是一副幅多姿多彩的画。冬日,雪花飘飘,天寒地暖,但雪中的景物却那般和谐静谧,散发出别致的意味。
自然是永恒的奇葩,她赋予梅花秉性,那是“众芳摇落独暄妍,绽尽风情向小园”。她绘制出别致的风景,有“乱花渐欲迷人眼,浅草才能没马蹄”的偏安一隅。她雕刻出壮阔山河,“日月之行,若出其中,星汉灿烂,若出其里”。
古往今来,文字记录了自然的旋律,它在纸面上自由挥洒,将大自然的变迁与奉献永载史册。我们后人手捧沉甸甸的书籍,恍若置身其间,不由得用心来体会自然的心跳。无数的书籍告诉我们:人与自然本是一家,两者理应和谐共存,互惠互利,与自然和谐相处,共同进化。
谈及“人与自然和谐相处”这一话题,我就会不由自主得想起一本小说《斗罗大陆》,这本小说讲述了在一个名为“斗罗大陆”的世界里,有着两个种族:魂师和魂兽。魂师必须通过猎***魂兽获得魂环来提升自己的实力,长此以往,魂师与魂兽的矛盾日益激化。小说的主人公唐三一家为了缓和和甚至解决这一矛盾,也是一直在努力探索。尽管他们开创的道路最终没有得到广泛推广和实践,但他们付出的努力也是不可置否的。
我想:这部小说中所讲述的这一故事不正是一个类似人与自然和谐相处的问题吗?很显然,小说中的这个问题比起我们人类与大自然的问题困难了十倍百倍。即便是这样,他们也最终找到了解决方案。那么,我们人类又有什么理由不去解决这一问题呢?
在经济建设突飞猛进的今天,物质生活日益丰富,为了满足自己的需要,人们砍伐一片片的`森林,污染一条条河流,侵蚀一寸寸土地,让那个曾经美丽的地球满目疮痍,这样的自然会成为我们的朋友吗?
为保障人与自然的和谐,必须建立人与自然和谐的心,除法律手段外,还必须依靠道德的力量,建立适应生态环境保护和改善的道德规范,有利于形成人们坚定的内心信念,形成强大的社会舆论压力。
唤醒“绿色之心”,实施“绿色计划”,开展“绿色行动”。让我们用双手撑起一片蔚蓝的天空!
How to prevent the H7N9?
As is well known,the A flu is spreading throught our country. However, if we negnect it, the deadly H7N9 may cause more infectors,or even more deaths. So what is the most important is that we should take some effective measures to prevent it.They can be listed as follows.
Firstly,it is necessary for you to realize the Avian flu can be prevented if you develop good living habits. For example,you shouldn’t forget to wash your hands before meals.Besides,don’t spit everywhere and try to cover your mouth or nose with paper or hankerchiefs when you have to cough or sneeze.What’s more, remember to wear the mouth-cover if you have to go to the public places, such as the crowded cinemas,supermarkets, buses,where the A flu may spread easily.
Secondly,of course, taking exercise more often and taking good sleep to build your body are wise choices for you to reduce the risk of being infected.
Last but not the least, if you are unlucky to be infected with the slight flu cold, try to stay at home,and take some medicine. Do pay attention to your daily body temperature. If you have a high fever, go to the hospital without delay for further treatment. Make sure you are not expected to come back to school before the cold or flu is cured.
Only by doing like this can you prevent or defeat the A flu in the end.
和开头一样,结尾也是构成文章的主要部分。好的结尾应该言简意深,余味无穷,画龙点睛,水到渠成,有深化主题、突出中心、增强文章感染力、加深读者印象的作用。可以总结全文,可以抒发感情,可以言尽而意无尽,还可以照应开头。常见的结尾方法有
1、首尾呼应法。即文章的开头和结尾要互相照应,特别是在结尾要回应开头,使文章成为一个完整的整体,不至于因为开头和结尾相距甚远,而使文章相互脱节,给人以残缺感。如一考生的作文《朋友》的结尾是:漫漫人生路,朋友会有好多,而像父亲这样的朋友却只有一个,我将永远记住他——我的朋友——父亲。
2、留有空白法。作文要给读者留下一定的想象空间,让读者通过联想和想象去加以补充,从而产生令人回味无穷的艺术效果。如一考生的作文《说句心里话》的结尾:路灯发着暗淡的光,我毫无目的地走在平直的马路上。说句心里话,我也曾怀疑过他们是否爱我,难道衡量的角度除了分数就没有别的了吗?我默默地走着,渐渐路上的人少了,可能是都回家了,可是今天我什么时候回家呢?我不知道……
3、余音袅袅法。这种结尾既深刻又发人深省,能够让读者在读完你的文章之后掩卷深思。如《父亲》一文的结尾:“树欲静而风不止,子欲养而亲不在。”人天相隔,骨肉永离。爸爸,您在哪里?您在哪里?我无语问苍天,无语问苍天啊!
4、总结概括法。在结尾时对全文作简单的总结,揭示事件的意义,点明题旨,深化中心。如一考生的《给我教益的一件事》一文的结尾:这件事使我受到很大的教益。在别人处于困境时,我们应该伸出援助之手。友谊、帮助和理解,能消除人与人之间的隔膜。
5、抒情言志法。结尾用抒情的语句,阐发自己真实的情感体验,直抒胸臆,情感浓烈,感人肺腑,表达作者的愿望和志向,并紧扣题旨,往往能打动读者,引起共鸣。如《爸爸妈妈,你们可知道》一文的结尾:爸爸妈妈,女儿也有自尊,你们别让女儿抬不起头来。爸爸,请不要浑身酒气地把妈妈打得鼻青脸肿;妈妈请不要让那些盘碟再成为你们大战的牺牲品。你们的女儿渴望有一个祥和的家,渴望一片宁静的天地。爸爸妈妈,别再吵了,让我们重建一个美好的新天地吧!
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