导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法
结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法
霓虹大街上车水马龙,来往行人神色匆匆,汽车鸣着响亮的喇叭飞驰而过,这城市似乎总有做不完的事。每天两点一线,大脑时时刻刻在高速运转,可每当入了夜,总会想起已故的人和那段慢下来的旧时光。
记忆里的那人似乎还在抱着儿时的我,坐在粗糙木椅上唱曲摇蒲扇,偷偷在我怀里塞个红包说能买颗糖。那时爷爷的大院子里有好多好多的菜,清早起来总会看到爷爷拽着长长的水管听着评戏给它们浇水,橘红色的阳光都被揉进了湿漉漉的泥土。我卷起袖子跑到里面去看那带着晨曦的水珠,揪下一片菜叶再埋到地里,爷爷只是微微地笑着,可是连时光都变慢了。
三月三惊蛰月沿海多蚊虫,咬得我大大小小的包,一路烦躁一路提着小铲一路挠,小杂草故意挂在我裤脚,爷爷挽起衣袖为我涂上绿莹莹好闻的风油精,嘟囔着帮傻笑着的我摘下颗颗草刺。整理罢起身摸摸我的头:“走,妮儿,咱俩吃火烧去。”随后爷爷牵起我的`手,慢慢走出铺着青石板的林间小道。
盛夏的蝉声落了一地,我踩着骄阳的影子蹦蹦跳跳地跑去爷爷的大院,拉着爷爷的衣角央他给我买冰沙。公园门口卖炸串阿婆的保温箱里总是有凉丝丝的冰。阿婆望见我们,大老远就招招手,揭开保温箱的盖子,斟了满满一杯红彤彤的果汁,又舀上一大勺冰递给我。我咬着吸管一下子就喝光了塑料杯里晶莹的汁水,晃着腿坐在大大的树荫下嚼着嘎嘣脆的碎冰渣,看爷爷和阿婆唠着家长里短,偷偷把吃不完的冰倒在墙角的小花上,慢悠悠地晃荡着过完一个暖暖的午后。
公园的小池塘边,爷爷装好鱼竿架起小伞,我照例被爷爷调鱼饵时的香味俘虏,甩出了一道弧线的浮标摇摇晃晃,我就看微风吹皱池水,看浅底几条小鱼游荡,看落在爷爷肩上的温柔阳光,最后提了一尾鲤鱼回家丢进盆里,想着会在奶奶锅里出现的冒着咕嘟咕嘟气泡的鱼汤,舔着嘴唇慢慢溜去找锅子了。
躺在床上的我缓缓睁开眼,无奈想起爷爷已去数载,我已经不能再与爷爷共同享受那段旧时光,只好把这悠悠岁月藏在心间去面对这飞快的世界。
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
此行的首站从岱庙开始。岱庙是泰山的神祉,历代帝王封禅祭祀泰山的场所,而今的岱庙中依旧香火鼎盛,善男信女络绎不绝。岱庙中有楹联成——“泰山岳中之孔子,孔子人中之泰山”。
唐玄宗封禅泰山时以张说为“封禅使”,张说的女婿郑镒借此机会来了个连升三级,之后唐玄宗问及此事,有人便说:“此泰山之力也”。于是
其实无论怎样说,泰山与孔子的关系都是密不可分的,泰山因孔子的盛名而倍受历代推崇,孔子则因泰山而使他所倡导的儒家文化远播。
岱庙的主殿是天贶殿,它与故宫太和殿,曲阜孔庙大成殿并称为“东方三大殿”。天贶殿始建于宋代,供奉东岳大帝,民间传说《封神演义》故事中的黄飞虎。殿内壁画《泰山神启跸回銮图》则以宋真宗东封泰山为蓝本,用以传奇色彩展现了泰山神出巡与回驾的场景,人物饱满且富有灵动之感。
和春水每到一处都要饕餮一餐,已然成惯例。游罢岱庙,我们步行来到泰山脚下的“泰山菜馆”,一家三星级的饭店,可就我看,这里只有装修可以达到三星级,尤其服务水平最是差强人意,让人感叹“纯朴”与“机敏”是如此的难以调和。
登泰山是翌日的行程安排,所以在离岱宗坊不远的宾馆住宿。孰料当晚却下起了雷雨,雨借风势骤然下的还很密集,在我家乡的早春时节很少能有如此急雨,一时还担心第二天的行程是否会受挫。雨急风益劲,一个多小时后才渐渐疏落下来。而这时的我俩舒展了一天的疲惫,酣然入睡。
翌日早起后,见天空依旧阴霾,不时还飘着雨丝,在这样的天气下登山,情与趣俱佳。山下作了些准备,便开始了这次旅程的中心——登泰山。我们选择的路线是泰山中路,这是历代帝王封禅的必经之路。由起点红门到终点玉皇顶距离10.5公里,可是到了中天门处,我们便无余勇可贾了,眼望十八盘顿觉高不可攀。再望南天门,惊喜的发现玉皇顶居然一片白雪皑皑,原来昨天山上降雪,这样的景致实在是不可多得。于是我们改乘缆车直上南天门,在高处俯瞰山顶,岩承雪盖,树挂冰凌,自是一番绝妙景致。
站在时光的倒影里,看梦与生活的交织无常。在匆匆的光阴里,回首驻足观望,你会在不经意间发现,还有那点滴的刻骨铭心在你曾经上演的故事里呆笨地停滞着,仿佛在提醒你,这一切,不曾被时光冲淡……
它背着坚实的盔甲,慵懒的在冬日的午后沐浴阳光。我轻轻地往他的小屋中递了些鱼虾,它便慢慢地探出头来,不慌不忙地品尝这午后的“茶点”。惬意地闭上双眼,把头微微缩入盔甲中,做起了好梦。我呼吸着温热的空气,手捧香茗,看着阳光下油亮的盔甲,它褶皱的皮肤,绿的那样的亲切,我看着它,嘴角45°上扬。就这样,阳光,午后,我和它,构成了一幅别样的和谐。
日光渐渐昏黄,它在一个充实的午觉之后苏醒过来,已是傍晚。我似乎感觉它在找寻我的踪迹。我停下手中的笔,俯下身,摸了摸那纹理分明的盔甲,它被晒得有些微微发热。我用手接了些许的水,洒在它身上,它像是在享受,一动也不动。这个午后的时光就这样像是巨大的砂砾还不愿从窄小的颈口下来,变得如此的缓慢。
每天放学归来,我都会像是完成任务一样去看看它。倾诉忧虑,分享快乐……它成了我生命中不可缺失的一部分。它是我的朋友,甚至是这个家庭的一分子。
又是许多许多个这样的午后,相同的时间,相同的地点,不同的人物,不同的风景,不同的心情。如今的它已经悄然消逝在匆匆的岁月中。可我反而却不曾觉得它离开过。是啊,它就在那慢下来的时光里,在那个冬日的午后,永远地滞笨着它的步伐,我也就那样会心地对它微笑……
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