1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
大家都写过,肯定对各类作文都很熟悉吧,特别是应用频繁的记叙文,记叙文是通过描述人物、时间及状物、写景等,来表达一定的中心的一种文体形式。如何写记叙文才更具感染力呢?以下是小编收集整理的岁月老人,其实你不懂我的心初中记叙文,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。
时光匆匆,越过门槛,越过脸颊,越过头发,越过整个身体。
当我们在洗碗时,时间从碗边溜过,但我们在走路时,时间从我们的脚边溜过,当我们还在玩的时候,时间从我们的生命中又拖走了一部分,时光啊,你为何不留下来等等,等等那些懒惰的人,那些无所是事的人。
夏天的夜晚又吵闹,又枯燥,在路边坐着的老人手中拿着把扇子哗啦啦地扇着,蹲在地上的狗嘴里舌头已经藏不住在外面滴口水,这时的我在院子里端起凉凉的铁盆,接了一盆刚从井里抽出的'凉水,毛巾一扔,沾两下,一扭一扭,啪的一声铺在脸上,那种凉意让我感觉在冬天的冰场,当我正在沉迷于这种感觉的时候,隐隐约约的听到了现在的那些会叫的车在街道穿行,我没有去外面看,但是当我正准备换水时,听见咣当一声,我就什么也不顾的跑出去,看这儿看那儿,谁知在十字路口处有一辆车和一辆轿车相撞了,当时我看到那场面时,我的心都凉了,被吓了一跳,人都被撞飞了很远,地上全部都是血,我没敢再看,我就缩出了人群越来越远,我走路两条腿一软一软的,我就坐在路边的石头上,捂着脸,眼泪慢慢的流了出来,心在不停的跳,像跳跳糖一样跳个不,看着路边的小草,它正在努力的生长,又嫩又绿,心想:它生长的多好啊,就在那安安静静地生长,你说为什么我们就不能像他这棵小草一样安安静静的成长,反而误入歧路,走歪道,就因为每天都无所事事,就在路上骑着那鬼哭狼嚎的车在街上瞎溜,时光你为什么不在他们骑过去后,再把那辆车跃过去,虽然他们不上学,学的不好,很早入社会,可你也不至于把他们的命都拿走吧,毕竟是孩子,现在还年轻,是他们在上学时的懒惰,不想上,因学习的太麻烦,就学吸烟,喝酒,然后被发现逐出了学校,学一些外面的东西,跟那些风流人物一起,今天去KTV,明天去网吧,后天去夜市,下一星期染头发,一天一个色,他们现在虽开心,但当别人上学时心里却烦得不得了。
岁月,当你能慢些等等他们时,他们就不会误入歧途,就是因为你太快,他们就会跟不上节奏而停止了对学习的念头,也停止了上学的念头,学坏,如果时间你能慢些,他们将会感谢你善待你。
岁月老人,请你在他们身上多留一些时间,不要让你成为他们最后的东西,因为你这是最后一次在他们的生命中出现,然后销声匿迹,每一个人都有一颗善良的心,就是因为某些事才使他们改变了。
I think you are not only my father but also my friend,my best friend!
When I was a child,you teached me a lot of things such as walking,saying,counting numbers and so on.You also teached me how to communcate with others.And you always told me that to be an honest student is very important.When I was in trouble,you often tried your best to help me.
But you maybe don't know how deeply I love you now.I must say "thank you"to you for what you did for me.
I love you,and I hope you can still help me in the future!
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
Dear Daddy,
Thank you very much for your letter written to me. In your letter , you not only expressed your expectation to me , but also showed all your love to me . I was deeply moved . Thanks again ,Daddy .You said ," I hope you get bravery and perseverance, and can quickly grasp living skills like a lion ". Now I want to tell you that I will try my best to do everything well and live up to your expectations . Dear father , you are a great lion in my mind .
When I am absent mind , when I am depressed, you , my dear father is always there . Your advice and encouragement guide me through many difficulties . Thank you , Dad, for your help and understanding. I love you , Dad ,forever!
Dear parents,
How is everything these days?I miss you very much.
I am very happy at my new shool.My teachers and shoolmates are very friendly to me .They ofen help me with my study.Now I am not worried about my English because I make a lot of progress in it anb I become more and more intrested in it.My shool life here is also wonderful.I take part in many part-time activities .I make many friends there and learn lots of learning methods.
Now final exam is coming.I am busy preparing it .I will try my best to do well in it.
I am glad that the summer holiday is coming.I want to take part in a GREEN CITY GROUP.I think I should make a contribution to protecting our environment.
It's hot these days but I can take good care of myself.You should pay more attention to your health.
Best wishes to you.
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