1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法
结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法
早晨轻雾笼罩大地,阳光透过树叶留下斑斑点点的光丝。走过这片树林,一条小溪横卧在眼前,一个高大身影在溪旁伫立。他身穿黑色马甲,头戴草帽,手中握一鱼竿,笑容感觉那样凶狠。他就是我的魔鬼爷爷。
爷爷转身向我伸了伸拳头:“大干一场吧!”我一身冷汗,勉强地笑了笑。那是我小时候回老家的.一次刻苦铭心的记忆。
因为我是第一次钓鱼,以前只看别人钓过,所以没有那样熟练,甚至可以说一点儿也不会,这让爷爷起了急。“线缠一块儿了!没挂鱼食呢!放线啊!”我手忙脚乱,不知如何是好。爷爷紧握拳头:“怎么有你这么笨的孙女。”于是抢过鱼竿说:“看好了!”他左手握竿,右手拽线,缠了缠,然后拿起一个鱼饵,轻轻挂到钩子上,接着身体向后倾了倾,胳膊弯曲,一咬牙,把线甩到了小溪里。爷爷一边坐下,一边说:“多简单的事啊!”于是静静地呆着。我站在一旁,有些不服气,我才第一次钓鱼,你都钓几次了,根本不公平,说是要钓鱼给我吃,其实只是显摆自己的能耐吧。我皱着眉头凝望水中的动静。一分钟……五分钟……十分钟……二十分钟……一点动静也没有,我有些不耐烦,反正也是白等,还是回家吧,想着,把爷爷以前给我的手套一摔,转身走了。
到了晚上。我翘着二郎腿,一边吃零食,一边看电视。又过了一会儿,我看了看外面,天已经全黑了,我这才有些担心爷爷,他好像还没吃午饭呢,爸妈奶奶出门办事前还嘱咐来着。我赶紧放下手中的零食,忘了关电视就飞奔了出去。穿过树林,仿佛看到了一丝光辉,原来是照鱼用的灯。爷爷还坐在那里,旁边已有一筐的鱼了。我走过去说:“爷爷,该回家了!”爷爷却做了个手势轻声说:“鱼会吓跑的。”于是又等了起来。我正想劝,听到水面有动静,一看,爷爷一下拽起了线,是一条很大的草鱼。我正高兴,爷爷转头说:“看吧,不是白等吧!”我摸了摸头,笑了下,然后一起回家了。
转眼近十年过去了,我又踏上了回乡之路,奶奶正端着香喷喷的鱼往桌上放。恩,还是原来的味道。四处望了望,爷爷呢,啊,我知道了。我跑了出去,穿过树林,又是那道光芒,一个瘦弱的身影在溪旁,我走近,是“魔鬼”爷爷。我有些不敢相信,他满脸皱纹,手很僵硬,啊,我的手套。我一愣,鼻子酸了一下,原来爷爷一直留着,我还以为早扔了。我笑着走上前说:“爷爷,该回家了。”
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
将一只只油腻的碗碟,浸没在浮满泡沫的盆里,取一块厚纱布将其仔细地擦抹,待清凉的水流,拂过碗体,原来黏糊糊的手感即刻便被滑爽洁净所替代,挂着透明水珠的青花瓷碗,在旁边米黄的大理石桌面上摞得整齐,仿佛一件件珍贵的艺术品。
寒假里洗碗的活我全包了。
以前,别说洗碗了,吃饭时专门坐在桌子前,不拿筷子不端菜,吃完饭,拿腿就走。对于堆在厨房里的碗碟更是视而不见。一次在舅舅家聚餐,吃饭之后的问题便是谁洗碗。为了给妹妹做个表率,我就以黄继光堵枪眼的架势,把舅妈那还没有说出口的俩字堵了回去。
我洗!
快速的把桌子上的大大小小的餐具挪进了厨房,准备挽起袖子大干一场。可是理想是美好的,现实是残酷的。那被我挪得过高的山堆,轰然便倒,顿时红白相间的瓷片在大理石地砖上跳起了叮叮当当的舞,老妈闻声赶来,右手掐腰,左手扶额,一副“你是猪吗?”的表情。
后来,为了让自己爱劳动的美好情怀发扬光大,每天傍晚,一边洗碗一边与家人聊天,说说笑笑。有时候没有什么话题,家里安安静静的,这时我就手握住刚洗完的筷子,一副陶醉的表情唱:“小酒窝,长睫毛,是你最美的记号……”,一只手还在台面上翻飞着。曲毕,做出恍然醒悟状:“这不是写的我吗?鼓掌!”这时妈妈会送我一个逆天的白眼并两个字:脸呢?家里充满了欢乐。
抬头看看窗外,或许,每盏灯下都有相同的故事。在橙红色的灯光下,每只碗上都流动着橙红色的光晕。心中涌起一丝温馨和满足。望着灶台上的青色瓷碗,成就感油然而生。更重要的是,随着油污的清除,觉得心中也有一股清亮的水流,冲刷尘埃,带走世俗,带来洁净,我的心因此变得美好和清亮。
有人以做家务为苦烦,我却独以之为乐。我乐在亲自动手,打理生活,装扮生活,我何尝又不是在亲自装扮自己呢?
以前,觉得烟花没什么好看的,所以到了春节、元宵节也都闷在屋子里面,脑海中还回忆着曾经的失落与苦楚,凄凉与孤独笼罩着我,可是就在昨天,我突然听到流星划过天际的声音,看到了一套带着重重光芒的流星,我忍不住走出了家门
顿时,这里震耳欲聋,那烟花的壮观使我驻足欣赏,我惊呆了,我从没见过这么壮阔的烟花。
哇!这半边天空都亮了,像无数颗星星聚集在一起,形成一面星帘,渐渐消失落下,还有的烟花绽放时,如同无数颗闪着奇异光芒的叫不出名字的星星,这种星星像宝石一般,我仿佛站在画面般的梦境中。一种喜悦感和满足感涌上心头。我对是觉得这个世界是多么美好有太多的奇妙与美丽在等着我们。
有一次看见烟花,我读懂了美就在你我身边。
让我们擦亮眼眸去感受着美的光辉吧!
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