导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成\"总—分—总\"结构
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
莲花湖,虽说不是举世闻名,但它在达州名气可高着呢!几乎家家知道,人人知晓。怎么样听我给你细谈,如何。
一进莲花湖的大 门,首先映入眼帘的是那碧绿而浩瀚的湖面。湖边有许多船,脚踏船,机动船,快艇......多得数不胜数。坐上一艘普通的脚踏船,行驶在湖中。那溅起的水 花,形成的水珠好比一颗颗晶莹剔透的珍珠。行船打破了那平静的湖面,形成了涟漪。那涟漪的形状也很多,犹如荷花、鸟儿和含苞欲放的玫瑰。坐在船上慢慢地欣 赏着水里的景物。呀!水中有不少红鲤鱼呢!还能看到水底长满菁苔的石头。谁都会赞叹这湖水的清澈、洁静。
不知不觉船到湖心岛了,岸上可 要比水里美多了。那满岛的桃树已开花,真是美不胜收。你看,有含苞欲放的,有微露笑脸的,有完全绽放的。那花瓣薄薄的,透明的,粉红粉红的。有的花瓣上还 有一滴一滴的晶莹剔透的露珠儿。那一位位桃花姑娘似乎在对你说:“来看看我吧,我的`‘新衣裳’,多漂亮啊!”“不要看她的,我比她美万倍,你看我粉红色的 衣裳中间还有一朵黄色的‘花’,怎么样,好看吗?”......一阵微风吹来,有的花瓣随风飘落,落在你的头上、肩上、手上......那可是莲花湖最美 的景色,跟日本富士山的樱花差不多。
就是环顾四周,其景也相当经典,近山远岭,峰峦叠障,也够美的。
啊!莲花湖真美!
整体教学是一种教学思想,不应单纯地被看为一种教学方法。整体教学思想是现代外语教育教学研究的重大成果,是社会发展和中学教育教学的目标对于外语教学的需要。外语教学和教研人员都应该认识到:整体教学是现代外语教育教学理论和实践研究的成果所确定的。现代外语教育教学理论和实践研究得出为众多外语教学流派所公认的结论有3条:
(1)部分之和不等于整体。
语言是个活的机体,不能切割成一块一块地去学。学习了某种语言一条条、一项项的知识,绝不等于掌握了语言整体。
(2)语言知识不等于语言运用。
语音、语法、词汇等只属于语言的结构体系。语音、语法、词汇等是语言运用的准备,但不等于语言运用。
(3)语言教学的目的应该是语言运用,而不是语言知识的掌握。
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
© 2022 xuexicn.net,All Rights Reserved.