见微知著,是一件说说容易做起来很难的事。 法国有个童谣描述了自然界的一种“荷叶”现象:池塘角落最初只有一片荷叶,但荷叶的数目每天会比前一天增加一倍。假定一共需要30天,整个池塘就会充满荷叶。但是在前28天,根本没人理会池塘中的变化。一直到第29天,村里人才注意池塘的一半突然充满了荷叶。到第30天,整个池塘都布满了荷叶。 在自然界,物种的生长是如此,物种的灭绝也是如此。当一个物种刚开始灭绝时,通常并不易发觉。走过了一段慢慢加速的衰退期后,接着就是快速绝迹。 一些大企业的消失也是如此。 在这方面,印度的一些农人有着洞见未来物候的极强能力。当他们得知季节雨危害恒河上游区域时,他们就会毋庸置疑地推测两天之内在喜马拉雅山山脚下的里希克锡、三天之内在阿拉哈巴德、五天之内在贝那雷斯会有不寻常的事情发生。
律蒲曼是美国佛罗里达州的一位画家,他一度穷得除了画具和一支短短的铅笔之外一无所有。由于绘画时需要用橡皮擦,往往要花费很大功夫才能找到,待把画面擦好后又找不到铅笔了。如果把橡皮擦用丝线扎在铅笔的另一端上不就解决了吗?实验之下,他发现这种方法仅仅能够凑合使用,没多久,橡皮擦又从笔端掉落下来。 几经思考,他终于想出了一个好办法。他剪下一块薄铁皮片,把橡皮擦绕在笔端再包起来,这样一来果然管用了。“说不定这玩意还能赚钱呢!”律蒲曼有了申请专利的念头。于是就找亲戚借钱申办了专利手续。果不其然,当他将这项专利卖给RABAR铅笔公司时,他得到了55万美金。
从前,四川的西部有个叫作蜀国的国家,土地肥沃、物产丰富,很是富庶。离它不远的秦国早就对这块富饶的土地垂涎三尺,想要把它划归自己所有。可是通往蜀国的道路非常险峻,有陡峭的悬崖绝壁和万丈深谷隔在路途上,一跌下去就会摔个粉身碎骨,进军的路线无法畅通,任凭秦国虎视眈眈,可一时也无可奈何。
蜀国的国君生性贪婪,总是大肆搜刮民间财富来满足自己对金钱的贪欲,有时甚至不惜一切代价。秦国的国王秦惠王从派去探听消息的`人口中得知了蜀王的性情,觉得有机可乘。苦苦思索了很久以后,秦惠王终于想出了一条计策。
秦惠王命令工匠打造雕刻了一头巨大的石牛,在石牛的屁股后面放了好多金银绸缎,放出消息说这头石牛会屙金子。
蜀国的探子把关于这头屙金子的名牛的奇闻告诉了蜀王,蜀王听了羡慕得不得了,暗道:要是我有这么一头石牛,天天给我屙金子,那该有多好啊!正在这时候,秦国的使者来了,他向蜀王说,秦惠王为了表示秦蜀友好的诚意,决定把会屙金子的石牛送给蜀王。
蜀王大喜过望,他听使者说石牛的身形巨大,要从秦国运到蜀国来恐怕很不方便,急忙保证说:“这个不成问题,贵国国君既然肯把石牛迭给我,我哪里有不想办法把它运到我国来的道理呢,就请你们的国君放心好了。”
蜀王也不顾大臣们的极力反对,在国内征调了大量民工,把悬崖挖开了,把深谷也填平了,为了能让石牛顺利到达,把通向蜀国的险径都修成了平坦大道。然后他派了五个大力士到秦国去迎接石牛。
贪心的蜀王哪里料得到,秦惠王早已派遣军队悄悄跟在石牛后面,随着石牛蜂拥而入,一举灭掉了蜀国。
蜀王为贪一点小便宜反而吃了大亏,失掉了整个国家,被天下人耻笑。我们要从中吸取教训,把眼光放得长远些,以免为了眼前的一点小利而利令智昏,损害了整体的利益。
一天夜里,林子和客人一起坐在院子里乘凉,天很黑,四周十分安静,只有一只蜡烛在闪着亮,林子同客人一起谈古论今,大家都对人生感叹不已。
这时,一只蛾虫扑打着粉红的翅膀,绕着烛光飞来飞去,还发出细小的嘶嘶声,林子用扇子驱赶飞蛾,它便飞走了。可是刚过一会儿,它又飞过来了,林子又用扇子赶走蛾虫,它飞走不一会又飞回来,而且一个劲地朝蜡烛火不顾一切地扑过去,这样赶走又飞来,赶走又飞来,反复七八次了。终于,蛾虫的翅膀被烛火燎焦了,它再也飞不动了,落在地上,焦头烂额,还在不甘心地挣扎着那已经烤得残破的翅膀,直到没有了一丝气息为止。
看了飞蛾的这般情景,林子感慨地对客人说:“你看这飞蛾扑火该多愚蠢啊!火本来是烧身的,可是它偏偏要不顾死活地去扑火,落得这般下场!”
客人也有同感地叹道:“谁说不是呢?可是,人比飞蛾更甚啊!”
林子说:“是的,世上的声色利欲,引得人们拼命去争夺追逐,何止像这飞蛾扑火?那些循此道路而不怀疑、毁灭了身躯而不后悔的人,岂不是也像这蛾虫一样可悲可怜又落人讥笑吗?”
人们追名逐利,正如飞蛾投火一般。飞蛾投火被人们笑其愚蠢;而那些追名逐利以至于身败名裂的人,不是更加可笑吗?
中学语文课本选唐代诗人王勃送杜少府入蜀的那首诗,诗题为《送杜少府之任蜀州》,朱东润主编的《中国历代文学作品选》(现为高等院校教材),也选了王勃的这首诗,诗题为《送杜少府之任蜀川》。学生由中学进入大学,发现“州”字少了三点,这是怎么回事? 经查《旧唐书》卷四十一《地理四》,找到了蜀州这个地名的命名时间,蜀州这个地名是武则天朝垂拱二年(686年)开始出现的,一直存在开元二十九年(741年);从天宝元年(742年)起,到肃宗至德二年(757年)止,改称唐安郡;从肃宗乾元元年(758年)开始,直到唐灭,复称蜀州。
唐时的蜀州,即今之崇州市,它在成都西面约50公里处。 再看王勃的生卒年。《旧唐书·文苑传》王勃本传,记其生卒年甚详:“上元二年,勃往交趾省父,道出江中,为《采莲赋》以见意,其辞甚美。渡南海,堕水而卒。时年二十八。”此处“上元”,是唐高宗的年号,上元二年,即公元675年。这条史料说明,在蜀州地名出现前11年(或前10年),王勃就已经不在人世了。那么,他是不可能在诗题中使用“蜀州”这个地名的。 再从这首诗的`题目对友人官职的称呼来做分析。王勃称这位姓杜的朋友为“少府”,少府就是县尉。唐代的官制,州一级没有“少府”这个官职。由此可见,“少府之任蜀州”的说法是不合逻辑的。而说“少府之任蜀川”是可以的,“蜀川”是对蜀的泛称,唐人称蜀地每每称为“蜀川”。
Ⅰ单项选择
1.thehouseonfire,hedialed119.
A.ToseeB.SeeingC.HavingseenD.Beingseen
2.Ifelldownandbrokethreeofmyteeth.IwonderhowmanytimesIhavetocomehereandgetmyfalseteeth.
A.fixB.fixingC.fixedD.tofix
3.We'retolistentoher_voice.It'stohearhersing.
A.pleased;pleasing;pleasureB.pleased;pleasant;apleasure
C.pleasing;pleased;apleasureD.pleasing;pleasant;pleasure
4.somestamps.
A.Passed,buyingB.Passing,tobuyC.Havingpassed,buyD.Pass,tobuy
5.withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.
A.ComparingB.TocompareC.ComparedD.Havingcompared
6.Herearesomenewcomputerprogramsforhomebuildings.
A.designingB.designC.designedD.todesign
7.alittlemoney,Jimmywasabletobuyhismotheralovelynewlamp.
A.TosaveB.SavingC.SavedD.Havingsaved
8.Theteachercameintotheclassroombyhisstudents.
A.followingB.tobefollowingC.followedD.havingfollowed.
9.Withthemoney,hecouldn'tbuyanyticket.
A.toloseB.losingC.lostD.haslost
10.Therewassomuchnoiseintheroomthatthespeakercouldn'tmakehimself.
A.beingheardB.hearingC.heardD.hear
11.Theresultofthetestwasrather.
A.disappointedB.disappointingC.beingdisappointedD.disappoint
12.I'veneverheardthewordinspokenEnglish.
A.useB.usedC.usingD.touse
13.howtodothehomework,Iwenttoaskmyteacherforhelp.
A.NottoknowB.NotknowingC.KnowingnotD.Notknown
14.Deeply,Ithankedheragainandagain.
A.beingmovingB.movedC.movingD.tobemoved
1
15.Withwinteron,it'stimetobuywarmclothes.
A.cameB.comesC.comeD.coming
16.theoffice,theforeignvisitorswereshownroundtheteachingbuilding.
A.HavingshownB.ShowingC.HasshownD.Havingbeenshown
17.Hewentfromdoortodoor,wastepapersandmagazines.
A.gatheringB.gatheredC.gatherD.beinggathered
18.Thestudentcorrectedhispapercarefully,theprofessor'ssuggestions.
A.followB.followingC.followedD.beingfollowed
19.Thepricewillsaveyouonedollarforeachdozen.
A.reduceB.reducingC.reducedD.reduces
20.Peopleinthecitydonotknowthepleasureofcountrylife.
A.liveB.toliveC.livedD.living
21.Theforeignertriedhisbest,buthestillcouldn'tmakehispoint
A.understandB.understandingC.tounderstandD.understood
22.Thescientistswerewaitingtoseetheproblem
A.settleB.settledC.tosettleD.settling
23.Thelibrary'sstudyroomisfullofstudentsfortheexam.
A.busilypreparedB.busypreparingC.busilyprepareD.arebusilypreparing
24.Thegroundiswithleaves.
A.covering,fallingB.covered,fallingC.covered,fallenD.covering,fallen
25.Lessonseasilyweresoonforgotten.
A.tolearnB.learnC.learnedD.learning
26.Thewalletseveraldaysagowasfoundinthedustbinoutsidethebuilding.
A.stolen,hiddenB.stealing,hidingC.stealing,hiddenD.stolen,hiding
27.Apersonaforeignlanguagemustbeabletousetheforeignlanguageown.
A.tolearn,toforgetB.learning,toforgetC.tolearn,forgettingD.learning,forgetting
28.differentkindsofpianos,theworkersfartherimprovedtheirquality.
A.ToproduceB.BeingproducedC.ProducedD.Havingproduced
29.Thestudentsintheuniversityarealltakingcoursesadegree.
A.comingtoB.goingtoC.leadingtoD.turningto
30.Manythingsimpossibleinthepastareverycommontoday.
A.considerB.consideringC.consideredD.beconsidered
2
31.manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstand.
A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.HehavingbeentoldD.telling
32.Theoldsickladyenteredthehospital,hertwosons.
A.tosupportB.supportingC.supportedbyD.havingsupported
33.Chinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld,9.6millionsquarekilometres.
A.tocoverB.coveredC.coversD.covering
34."Wemustkeepasecretofthethingsatthemanincharge
oftheinformationoffice.
A.discussed,staredseriouslyB.beingdiscussed,seriouslystaring
C.tobediscussed,seriouslystaredD.discussed,stared
35.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,
A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added
36."Canyouread?"Marysaidtothenotice.
A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing
37.thecomposition,Johnhandedittotheteacherandwentoutoftheroom.
A.WritingB.HavingwrittenC.WrittenD.Beingwritten
38.Wereyouwhenyousawthatwildanimal?
A.frightB.frighteningC.frightenedD.frighten
39.Properlywithnumbers,thebookscanbeeasilyfound.
A.markedB.markC.tomarkD.marking
40.Thechildsatinthedentist'schair.
A.trembleB.tremblingC.trembledD.totrembled
41.Atthismomentthebellrang
A.announceB.announcingC.announcedD.toannounce
42.Hewalkeddownthehills,softlytohimself.
A.singB.singingC.sungD.tosing
43.Ihadtoshouttomakemyselfabovethenoise.
A.heardB.hearingC.heardD.tohear
44.Thegraduatingstudentsarebusymaterialfortheirreports.
A.collectB.tocollectC.collectedD.collecting
45.ThecarsinBeijingareasgoodasthoseinShanghai.
A.produce,produceB.produced,produced
C.produced,producingD.producing,producing
46.WhenIcamein,IsawDr.Liapatient.
A.examineB.examiningC.toexamineD.examined
3
47.asatisfactoryoperation,thepatientrecoveredfromillnessveryquickly.
A.HavingbeengivenB.HavinggivenC.GivingD.Beinggiven
48.asatisfactoryoperation,thedoctorbelievedthepatientwouldrecoverfromhisillness
verysoon.
A.HavingbeengivenB.HavinggivenC.GivingD.Beinggiven
49.HewrotealettertomethathistriptoJapanhadbeenputoffbecauseofthebadweather.
A.informB.informingC.informedD.beinginformed
50.Hereadsnewspaperseverydaytokeephimself__aboutwhat'sgoingonintheworld.
A.informB.informingC.informedD.beinginformed
Ⅱ.用适当的非谓语动词形式填空
1.Shecaughtthestudent(cheatinexams.
2.WhenIgotthere,Ifoundhim(repairfarmtools.
3.WhenIgotthere,Ifoundthefarmtools.(repair
4.Justthenheheardsomeone
5.Heworkedsohardthathegothispay
6.Themissingboyswerelastseen(playneartheriver.
7.His__________(frightenexpressionmadehiswife__________(surprise.
8.Theworkershadthemachines(runallnightlongtofinishtheworkontime.
9.Peopleinthesouthhavetheirhouses(makeofbamboo.
10.(loseinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.
Ⅲ.改写下列句子,其划线部分应改为分词短语
1.Gentlemenalwaysshakehands
2.Acoldrainwasfalling.
3.Theoldmanwalkedslowly.
4.Theground
5.Thereisatalltree
© 2022 xuexicn.net,All Rights Reserved.