Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
“五月榴花照眼明,枝间时见子初成”,在这多姿多彩的季节里,我们迎来了期待已久的研学旅行。
去襄阳的第二天一大早,我们便乘车前往了唐城。刚下车映入眼帘的就是一片宏伟的建筑,这座城池单从外观上看来就使我震惊。进了城门,仿佛彻底与外界隔绝了,那道高高的城墙似乎就是古代与现代的分界线,若不是身上还穿着校服,周围都是游人,我恐怕会以为自己穿越了。
在城墙旁歇了一小会儿,鼓声奏响,忽然从第二道城墙里冲出一群身着士兵服装的人,他们表演了一小段后,又有一群美艳的女子舞了出来,红绿黄相互交错的衣裳,在阳光的沐浴下显得格外耀眼,舞女们曼妙的舞姿,让所有的.人忍不住鼓掌喝彩。
紧接着我们又进了第二道城门,径直向前走,导游把我们领到了一处市集,后来才得知我们来到的是“西市”,而另一边还有“东市”,据说“买东西”一词就是这么来的。在市集闲逛,只见石头铺成的路,还有各种小摊位,小桥、流水、人家,都在这块美地寻到了。琳琅满目的商品,川流不息的人群,让我又生出错觉,莫不是真的回到了盛世唐朝?
置身长廊,向下看是碧绿的湖水与嬉戏的鱼儿,平视还能见到划船的船夫,向上看则是青绿的山丘和小塔,浮躁的心在这一刻也平静了下来。
在一段自由活动结束后,导游领着我们去了一座大殿。进到殿里,周围一片漆黑,只有深处闪烁着微弱的灯光,走进去看到周围的布景就明白是要表演“大唐飞歌”了。我们依次找到位子坐了下来,过了一会儿,灯光突然亮了起来,音乐声响起,第一幕表演的是杨贵妃的生日宴会,歌女们翩翩起舞庆贺贵妃的生辰,不一会儿,杨贵妃也从阶梯上优雅的走下来,与她们共舞。第二幕则是李白“醉酒作诗”,只见李白身轻如燕从上面飞下来。他喝了一口酒,又在空中翻了个筋斗,将李白醉酒的形象表演得淋漓尽致。接下来的表演更加精彩,我和同学们跟随着这些舞者,再次走入了中国历史上最辉煌灿烂的那一段岁月。
唐城一日的穿越历史之旅,带给了我不一样的体验,使我收获了丰富的历史知识,更重要的是,它在我的内心深处留下了深刻而美好的回忆。
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
今天上午,爸爸带我到襄阳公园游玩儿。
走近公园,大门两侧各蹲着一只石狮,好像威风凛凛的将军看守着大门,栩栩如生。门楣上有“襄阳公园”四个大字,两旁镌刻着一副对联:“八百亩城池知是何年图画,数千年古墙尽归此处楼台”。
进了大门,迎面是一座大花坛,“襄阳好风日”五个大红字,好像在欢迎我们的到来。花坛里,盛开着五颜六色的花,红得似火,粉的\'如霞,白的胜雪,黄的赛金,美丽极了。花香引来了许多小蜜蜂,忙着采花蜜,还有一只只小黄蝶在花丛中飞舞,像金黄色的落叶。
沿着蜿蜒的小路,我们来到护城河,各式各样的小船在河面游曳,有鸭子形的,有龙形的,还有亭阁形的……倒影在河面上。有的人在船上欣赏着美丽如画的风景,有的儿童在船上尽兴地蹦来蹦去,还有的老爷爷在船上悠闲地钓鱼。有时我们还会看到成群结队的小鱼儿,在水中游来游去,一会儿游到这儿,一会游到那儿,好像在和我们嬉戏。河岸一排婀娜的杨柳,随风摇曳,好像在向游人展示自己优美的身姿……
襄阳公园真是风景优美、景色宜人的好地方!
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法
结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法
© 2022 xuexicn.net,All Rights Reserved.