Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
望不见它粉嫩的肌肤、碧绿的拂袖,只闻得它脂粉沁香。我停下脚步,浸没在这梦幻般的花香中。“好香啊!和以前外祖母家的一样香!”母亲像孩子似的贪婪地呼吸着甜香,又忽然回过神来:“明明是你外祖母种得更甜香!记得我小时候啊,你外祖母还会挑最漂亮的一株,去掉上面的小刺,编花冠给我戴呢!”
母亲骄傲地说着,又拍拍脑袋,做外祖母轻抚的样子。我诧异地伫在那儿,看到母亲的童心未泯。“你外祖母呀,手就是那么巧!
每到过年,她总会用面团捏成小动物,什么小狗啦,老黄牛啦,活灵活现。蒸好了,分给各家小孩子们吃。”母亲津津有味地描述着,在我的脑海中塑造着一个个活灵活现的小动物。“真的吗?那母亲等过年也给我做,我要小兔子,行吗?”我瞪着大眼睛向母亲渴望着。又一次,母女俩靠得那么近。“
哈哈!可惜我太笨,手艺失传了。不过我女儿这么心灵手巧,跟着外祖母学定能学会。”“太好啦,跟外祖母学,一定很有意思!”蔷薇花香隐隐地弥漫,母女俩开心地笑起来。若梦境未醒的欢愉。风袭来,梦幻般的香气消失了。母亲醒来,垂下头继续往前走:“可惜,人已经不在了呀……”那时,我醒来了。
望见母亲那泛白的鬓角,母亲一直在后悔,后悔在做女儿的时候没有爱惜母亲的那份爱。这是怎样的两代母女的、亲情的羁绊?我跑上前去,主动牵起母亲的手,紧紧地。毕竟,有多少爱可以重来?
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
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