写景主要应该注意六个方面:第一,写景要为表现中心服务;第二,写景要抓住特点;第三,写景要讲究层次和顺序;第四,写景要注意动、静结合;第五,写景要注意用词准确;第六,引用诗词歌赋,会使文章更具文采。
掌握写景的一些技法,不是一朝一夕的事,必须多观察,多思考,多阅读,扩展思维,形成把“画”变成“话”的能力。这样无论走到城市、乡村或名山、大川,都会被那里的景、情深深打动,从而有感而发,有话可说,在学习、感悟当中渐渐提高作文能力。
针对自己所写的事物要做到内容具体,重点突出,流露出真情实感。习作中要描绘出未来之物的外形、结构、功能、优点、使用方法等特征,用事物的形象说话让未来之物独具风采,让习作言之有物,让读者如见其物。在对未来的幻想之中,在对未来之物的描绘之中,要流露出对美好事物的向往之情和喜爱之意。这样的作文既能以奇特的想象吸引读者,又能以真情打动读者。
思路点拨:
思路1──写一写未来的服装。未来的服装会不会在保暖性、透气性、舒适性等方面有大大的改观呢?一定是价廉物又美啊!
思路2──写一写未来的食物。如今常常听到食物遭污染、食物中的营养元素不足等相关报道,真让人失望。若是能吃上口感好又“绿色”、营养全面又健康的食物该多好呢!让我们穿越时空隧道去看看22世纪的人们都在吃些什么食物?动笔把你看到的都记下来!
思路3──写一写未来的住房。随着生活水平的提高,人们对住房的要求也越来越高,你对未来的房子又有哪些期待呢?写出来让我们也看看吧!
思路4──写一写未来的交通工具。如今的交通状况可真拥挤,咱们中国人口多,随着车辆数量的不断增多,马路可是越来越不够用啦!未来的交通工具会不会向空间发展呢?若是人类像红孩儿那样穿上“风火轮”就可以飞上天,去到想去的地方该多好!或是像机器猫那样插上“螺旋桨”就直升上天……那多棒!
思路5──编一个反映未来生活的故事。人们利用未来最先进、最科学、最便利的生活用品、交通工具……那样惬意的生活中又会发生哪些有趣的故事呢!请你展开奇思妙想,好好创编吧!
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
24xx年,科技发达得很,人可以飞上天,动物呢也可以听懂人话……呵!没想到吧,我也是一个非常有名的发明家,最有代表性的就是我发明的“未来的衣服”。这是一种高科技的服装,它不仅颜色五彩缤纷,它的功能也不少哦!(开篇点题。
这种万能变身衣的最新产品十分轻便、灵活……穿上万能变身衣,即使在寒冷的南极也不会感到寒冷;就算是在巨型烤箱里,也不会感到炎热。要问为什么,因为这件万能变身衣内部装有自动调节气温系统,无论身处多么寒冷、多么炎热的环境,都能保持一定的温度不变。衣服上的纽扣就是操作的按钮。如果是冬天,你就按白色按钮,它就会给你身上穿上一件羽绒服。下雨时,你就按蓝色按钮,它就会在你的头上伸出一把雨桑如果你要去郊游玩耍,就可以按红键,它将自动放出好听的'音乐……(介绍万能变身衣的特点以及如何操作。
如果你要参加舞会,只需要输入衣服的款式、颜色,万能变身衣内部的高性能电脑便会将输入的数据加以处理,然后发出超过光速的信号,只要0.0001秒你的衣服就会变成一身有绅士风度的燕尾服,或亮丽的节日盛装。(介绍它如何变成礼服。
听了我的介绍,你愿意买一件万能变身衣吗?
老师评价:这篇习作围绕未来衣服具有奇特的功能这一中心,进行大胆想象,想象出未来衣服色彩多样、功能奇特,显示了小作者丰富的想象力。
To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界,
一花一天堂,
手中即无限,
永恒亦短暂。
to prevent H7N9 we should know some common sense. First of all, it is important for us to prevent H7N9 from ourselves. For example, clean our hands frequently.
Sencondly, do more exercises. Such as running. Lastly, change our diet to keep balence. For example, eat more types of vegetables and drink more water
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