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finally
right
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happenagain
good
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fast-growing
maketrue
should
control
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finishsthby
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concerncausegraveconcern/concernshavearisenabout
meanspelldisaster/troublefor
makesthsthAhasrenderBsth
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period
⒈写景要按方位顺序,由近及远,由远及近,由上而下,由下而上,由里到外,由外到里,或由中间到四周等等有次序地描写,要主次分明,详略得当。
⒉可以按景物的类别来写,如山、水、花、鸟;瀑、石、峰、洞;亭、台、楼阁等。要写出景物的光、色、味;既要写它的静态,也要写它的动态,还可以写出它的环境气氛。
⒊要仔细观察,抓住在不同季节里景物的不同特点进行描写,不要硬编乱造,凭自己的想象来写。
⒋写景中也可以具体地写些人和事,若让人、景、事三者交融一体来写,可以使作文更为感人。
⒌写景物时不要忘掉自己与景物之间的关系,要有意识地把自己的感情、感受写进去,这样使人读了会产生一种身临其境之感。叶圣陶老爷爷写的《记金华的双龙洞》不是具有这样的特点吗?
⒍适当地、正确地引用前人描写景物的诗词歌赋,也可以为作文增色。这就需要你平时多加阅读和积累,别等用时再去找。
写景作文写作要点
景物描写在记叙文写作中往往是必不可少的。可是许多同学在写作中不懂得景物描写的特点,有的描写模糊不清,有的分不清主次,有的缺乏情感,出现了许多不应有的败笔。那么,在记叙文的写作中应该怎样去描写自然景色呢?具体来说,景物描写应注意以下三个问题:
1、写景要有顺序。人们观赏景物都有一定的规律:或定点环顾,或边走边看。描写时也应该“顺其自然”。例如老舍先生的《济南的冬天》一文,描写济南城周围的环境时写道:“小山把济南整个儿围个圈儿,只有北边缺点口儿。这一圈小山在冬天特别可爱,好像把济南放在一个小摇篮里。”景物描写与作者的定点鸟瞰相吻合,自然清晰,形象准确。又如凡妮的`《野景偶拾》一文,按照沿途所见,依次描写绕村的溪流,山梁的小路、盆地的高粱、山坡的谷穗、旷野的幽静、落日的霞光、宛如绸带的河流和公路、华美如贝雕的田野和山林。移步换形,有如移舟前进,时过景迁,景观随之改换,给人一种身临其境之感。
2、写景要有选择。写景时应要有所取有所弃,抓住最能代表彼时彼地特征的景物加以描写,其它的景色则略写或不写。老舍先生的《在烈日和暴雨下》,为了突出天气变化的过程,就着力描写了杨柳的动态:“一点风也没有时——枝条一动懒得动;有一点凉风时——枝条微微动了两下;风大起来时——柳条横着飞。”通过杨柳的动态。显示了风的从无到有、由小到大,而对暴风雨降临时其它景象的变化,作者作了简略处理。这样,抓住特征,既形象地表现了天气变化的过程,又避免了描写的呆板重复,使得文字准确而精练。
3、写景要有情致。人们观赏景物总是要带有某种感情的。因此,描写时也应该将这种感情一起表达出来,做到寓情于景,情景相映。鲁迅先生的《故乡》一文,反映旧中国农村衰败萧条,日趋***的悲惨景象时,笔下的景色是“苍黄的天空下,远近横着几个萧索的荒村,没有一些活气。”而脑海中闪现出少年闰土的美好形象时,则为“深蓝的天空中挂着一轮金黄的圆月。”景物描写之中渗透着作者爱憎分明的思想感情。以景促情,情景交融,有力地深化了文章的主题。
要说搜集句子,首先要有一个坚强的后盾,那么这些后盾从哪里来呢?
这要看你需要什么句子,如果是找每一段开篇点题的句子,最好还是找一些文学性比较强的东西,比如说一些给白领看的经济类文章,我们经常提到了的[经济学人].The.Economist.就属此类。要想寻找经济学家的话最好还是去verycd这个网站http://www.verycd.com/topics/2727001/ 这里就是一个很好的选择。比如说无老师就从2008年11月15日这一期的第12页找到了一个很好的句子,很适合当文章的开头。Asked what China will do to rescue the world from financial turmoil, its officials these days have a boilerplate answer:its greatest contribution will be to keep its own economy running smoothly.我们把它放在Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Many teachers assign homework to students every day. Do you think that daily homework is necessary for students? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.这个题目之下,就可以改写成Asked what teachers will do to improve their students, the response in high schools have a boilerplate answer:the greatest contribution of homework will be to keep its their students appreciating their knowledge entirely.
那么我们提炼一下Asked what …… will do to ……, the response in …… have a boilerplate answer:the greatest contribution of …… will be to keep its their …….就是一个十分优秀的作文开头模板。
我们也可以从同样是2008年11月15日这一期的120页找到Further evidence of emerging markets’ potential comes from the experience of Britain’s AstraZeneca in China.这一句只要稍加修改就可以变成一个非常优秀的2-4段的段落开头,首先把他模板化Further evidence of …… comes from the experience of …… in …….然后再加入一点倒装句式来证明我们的文学水平Not only does ……come from the experience of …… in ……., but (also evidence of ……subsequently(further prove……这样一个优秀的论证段的段首句模板就完成了。
至于例子的模板,那么就是新闻的天下了,我们仍然可以在《经济学人The.Economist》里面寻找。比如说找到了这么一句话South Korea’s capital city now has been named their most favored travel destination two years in row, according to the report, as 11.4 percent of the Chinese, 9.8 percent of the Japanese, and an overwhelming 20.0 percent of the Thai expressed their preference for Seoul, toppling cities like Tokyo, Paris and Honolulu in the survey. 这里面我们就可以把这个句子直接提炼为模板…… now has been named their most favored …… two years in row, according to the report, as 11.4 percent of the ……, 9.8 percent of the ……, and an overwhelming 20.0 percent of the …… expressed their preference for ……, toppling cities like …, … and … in the survey.相识的'数字,加上确凿的低点,一切显得都是那么无可辩驳,但是实际上这就是一个模板。
当然我们不肯能每一个句子都是这么长,因此我们可以加入很多For example, Therefore, 所引导的句子来增强文章内部的节奏感,使得读者不会感觉到过于疲惫。
至于末段的模板则是有一些讲究的,但是当无老师看了无数篇作文和《经济学人The.Economist》的文章之后,无老师开始反思我们很多学生写的“ After ruminating over all these factors, ”“It is more advantageous for us to make decision alone,”“As far as I am concerned, I come to the notion that”这类作文结尾,是否是一种符合欧美人思维的文章,因为你只要稍微把经济学人的文章找几篇文章的结尾看一下就会知道,其实这里面绝大多数时候,都是以罗列多方
自然景色是美丽的,令人陶醉的。因此,我们在写景色时,一定要文辞优美,语气生动形象,恰当地运用一些修辞方法。这样,文章才会给读者以美的享受。
观察是写好作文的基础,尤其对于写景作文,离开了细致准确的观察,是绝对写不好的'。
观察必须确立好立足点。立足点可以是固定的 ( 空间方位 ,也可以是变换的 ( 移步换景 。但无论怎样必须层次清楚,文章的思路也就清楚了。
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