长幼时的我常常因为受了一点委屈而在奶奶的院子前哭泣,好像一点点困难也能让我眼中如黄河决堤一般。所以奶奶常常笑着说我是个长不大的小男孩!
在个多雨夏天,奶奶在院子里种下一棵小树,从此以后那棵小树便是我童年的伙伴。有一次,窗外下着倾盆大雨,我连忙拉着奶奶的手,让她到雨中为小树搭起篷子,但奶奶却笑着拍拍我的脑袋摇了摇头,轻轻的对我说:“它需要去尝试接受困难。”尝试接受困难?我不理解奶奶的话,只是望着暴雨中,小树被打折的枝干和满地的落叶伤心的哭泣着!
后来我发现奶奶的行为越来越奇怪,她非但不在雨天中为小树搭雨篷,反而在艳阳高照的天气里,用锋利的剪刀在小树树干上留下轻轻的伤痕。我愤怒地质问奶奶:“你为什么要这么伤害小树?”奶奶只是笑着摇了摇头,留下一句:“它需要尝试接受困难。”便离开了。
再长大些后,我离开了奶奶的院子,在学校的学习生活我寻找自己的梦想,每当我因为考试成绩不理想或是朋友的误解而暗自神伤时,我总会想起奶奶说的那句话,和暴风雨下那棵小树笔直的身影。不知不觉地我好像有些明白奶奶说的了。
渐渐地当我遇到困难时,我不再留下毫无用处的泪水而是积极地向困难发起挑战,因此我大胆地参加了学校的各种竞赛,我与困难的较量中我彻底明白了奶奶的话。
一个暑假我又来到奶奶的院子前,望着这棵从小树成长为如今茂密翠绿的大树,抚摸着它身上密布的伤痕,我心里忽然记起了那句古训:古今成大事者,不惟有超世之才,亦必有坚韧不拔之志。
若没有身上密布的刀痕,小树又怎能长出更加强壮的枝干,若没有暴风雨的磨砺,又怎能激发出小树无尽的求生潜能,从而成长为苍天大树呢?这些不都是在磨砺小树的“坚韧不拔之志吗?”现在小树成长为了苍天大树,而我,也从原来遇到困难爱哭泣的男孩成长为一个勇于接受困难的男子汉。在尝试着接受困难这不只是小树的成长,更是我的成长。。
身后奶奶轻轻的拍拍我的肩膀,笑着对我说:恩,不错呀,已经成长为一个男子汉啦。是啊,我也笑着回答道,“我尝试的去接受困难中,我在尝试中成长了。
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
路漫漫其修远兮,吾将上下而求索。在人生的道路中,磕磕碰碰是不可避免的,如果说困境是一扇锁紧黑暗中的门,那么,门外就是光明,开门最好的办法是在——千万次的尝试中找出那把钥匙。
记得八年级时,有的老师、同学、朋友的口中,都把“编班”这两个金文大字传得沸沸扬扬,她们还说:“把成绩好的同学编上去,成绩差的就扔在一二角。”听了之后,我就开始很努力地学习,尝试着利用编班这个借口来改变学习环境,每天一回来就坐在座位里争分夺秒地争取时间来学习,把每一天的时间看作是生命的最后一刻。学习时,就专心致志、拼命地学。把爱因斯坦的.总结:成功=艰苦劳动+正确方法及少说空话挂在嘴边,牺牲了平时在学习中说空话这个陋习。学习累了,就念5个英语单词,就与同学谈笑风生,无话不谈,声音也很大,多次让语文老师在办公室里听到,就间接地对我说:“做个女孩子,要学文静点。”当时我也有听进去的,但为了麻醉自己内心所忍受的无缘无故地被老师吓唬、大喊大叫、心惊肉跳的拍桌子声,不得不这样做,只有这样做我才强颜欢笑,才快乐,忘却痛苦。
每一天我都努力地尝试着去改变环境,刻苦学习。并下决心:假如再给我一次机会,我一定会努力学习的,我死都不会再在这种环境里。”有时灰心丧气时,就骗自己:“为了能上好的学习环境,努力”即使编班的机会几乎为零,但我还是努力去尝试,去改变。
当成绩出来时,历史老师告诉我怎么样、怎么样的好,我也不敢相信,当我看到了那成绩单,我才相信,暗暗里感叹:即使多么辛苦也是值得的!但可惜的是——并没有编班。这点让我的心灵上受到很大的打击,我这么努力却不能如我所愿,但我还是坚信:不登高山,不知夫之高世,不临深溪,不知地之厚也。让我们在尝试中成长,在尝试中人生的真谛!
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
如花的春季,阅读辉煌的黎明,入水的心境,阅读幽静的岁月;如雪的灵魂,阅读奇妙的童话;如梦的岁月,阅读绚丽人生。
生活是什么?是欢笑,是泪水,是美妙的花,是苦涩的酒,是轻松得不能再轻松的甜歌,是沉重得不能再沉重的脚印——
小学时,我的成绩特差,上课经常走神,考试总是不及格。有一次上数学课,数学老师让我做一个简单的解答题,而我却无从下手,老师气愤的在我面前扔下一句:“呆脑子!”顿时,教室里响起了同学们的笑声。那一刻,我伤心的哭了,任同学们的取笑在我耳边回旋,我幼小的心灵差点崩溃。
我狼狈的冲出教室,一路小跑冲回家,妈妈听了我的事情后,脸色顿时青了。然后她抚摸着我的'头,严肃的说:“孩子记,住落后就要挨打。男子汉,只要努力,别人有的我们也会有。”妈妈讲完这句话时,我分明看见她的眼圈湿润了,这是我出生以来第一次看见妈妈哭,从那一刻起我记住了妈妈的话,我不再让妈妈为我流泪。
从那以后我每天拼了命的在学。上课如果走了神,我就会在自己的手掌上写个“心”字意思是要提醒自己专心致志。别的同学能用一分钟学会的知识,我学不会,那么我就用十分钟,一小时,直到学会为止。
就这样,我凭着这份苦劲和勇于尝试的精神,在期末考试中有倒数上升到正数第三。我的进步,使老师和同学们吃了一惊,他们想不到原先一个“呆脑子”的人,竟然能取得如此惊人的进步。
当我从老师手里接过鲜红的奖状时,我的眼泪不知不觉流了下来。我终于用我的不断尝试证明了我不是一个“呆脑子”。
我拿着奖状跑回家,小心地递给妈妈。顿时,妈妈傻了眼,等我回过神时,妈妈已经紧紧的把我抱在怀里,嘴里颤抖地说:“你做到了,你做到了。”
那一刻,我的心里彻底明白了,失败并不可怕,可怕的是不再去尝试。其实失败就是成功的开端,只有在失败中成长,在失败中尝试,才能经受住暴风雨的袭击。
脚下的路还很长,既然已经踏上了人生的航程,就不可拒绝让步;既然已选择了远方,就不要停留;既然风帆已扬起,就不要拒绝起航。让我们在尝试中健康成长,让我们在不断尝试中走向成功吧!
那时还是小草刚冒芽;柳树刚长出嫩嫩的枝条;冬眠动物的刚苏醒时,我们便踏上了去“山青世界”的旅途,我看到树在路边为我们遮挡阳光时,我发现树也要经历风吹日晒也要学会在尝试中成长啊!
我们在第四天下午,来到了攀岩的场所,我看到这庞然大物——“攀登台”伫立在我的眼前,我颤了一下,“哈,攀岩耶!太酷了!”“老师不去行吗?”……许多同学在我的耳边叽叽喳喳地议论起来,我捂住了耳朵,内心有些慌乱的想:“怎么办?攀岩!怎么办?我感到我身体里的血液正在急速循环,看到许多女生都很踊跃的爬上去了,我对自己很没有信心,在胡思乱想中轮到我了,腿好像黏在地上了一样,怎么也抬不起来,我努力的把手放到冰冷的石头上,身体颤抖着,手紧紧的抓住石头,生怕一不小心就会掉下去,摔得粉身碎骨,风轻轻吹过,好像在说:“你可以的,只要坚持你就是胜利者!”我努力的往上爬,快爬到终点时,我已经筋疲力尽了,想跳下去,可是已经爬了这么高了,跳下去就白费力气了,如果爬上去,我已经没力气爬了我往下看了看,下面的人都那么渺小,像是显微镜下的一个个小细胞,密密麻麻的,而我像一个巨人正努力的爬高……突然有一块石头滑动了,我的身体晃动了一下,下面的同学大声的呼喊:“抓住,坚持住往上爬!爬到了终点你就是胜利者,你不想挑战一下以自己吗?加油!”听到同学的鼓励声使我振作起来,一步一步艰难的往上爬,三步,两步,一步,到了!我爬上台子欢呼着,下面的同学也为我欢呼,我从来没有这样开心过,貌似自己没这么累了,只剩下激动……我尝试了攀岩。
这次的攀登,超越了我的极限,我不再害怕攀登了。这也让我懂的了尝试的重要性,其实我们每天都在尝试,要学会尝试新的东西,在尝试中成长,只有不断的尝试,才会成长,才会有尝试的喜悦……
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
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