导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
2.1 将水利水电工程与生态工程联系起来
目前,水利工程设计基本都是考虑工程水文学,实际上,水利工程的建立对人们的生活也造成了很大的影响。生态的破坏并不是人类发展的初衷,在专业化考虑的基础上,也应适时结合生态学。将生态学与水文学进行有机结合,考虑到各个方面的发展,这样才有利于水利水电工程的长足发展,才不违背人类发展的初衷。生态学为设计者提供了生态用水的理念,提供了自然发展平衡的思想,只有遵从这些理念,水利水电工程的建立才算是真正帮到了人类。因此,需要更好地将工程水文学与生态水文学相互融合,为生态水利工程的设计提供宝贵和事实依据。在生态发展平衡的前提下,谈论水资源问题才不会本末倒置,从而使水利水电工程的设计更加符合生态发展规律。
2.2 合理规划和开发
建立水利水电工程时,要进行合理规划和开发,最重要的是要遵循可持续发展观,长期发展才是最终目的。因此,在水利水电工程的建立中,需要对生态环境进行全面、深入的调查,对库区附近的土地资源、水资源等各项资源的分布、开发情况进行全面了解,根据实际情况考量,最终决定建立的地点、时间和规模,做到生态效益与经济效益的双赢,切不可盲目、大量地开发利用资源,为了眼前的利益而造成资源的浪费和生态的破坏。
2.3 改善生态环境
我们应积极改善生态环境,比如设计净水系统或排水系统,对水资源的破坏降到最小。同时,要有针对性地减弱工程对河流生态的影响,因地制宜。
Sometimes I dream about life in the future. What will it be?
Perhaps some people will go to the moon for a holiday or even live on the moon,and some scientists will build cities under the sea to make people live there. We can have a medical examination or do some shopping without leaving our homes,which makes the life more convenient. Maybe we will also do some shopping and work at home.
And I'm sure there'll be more educational programmes on the radio or TV or by the Intemet or videophones,so perhaps some children won't need to go to school every day. They'll study at home.
In the future,all electric equipment at home is under the con-trol of computers. People can learn about the situation of the house by working on the computer at the office. No people like doing housework. Maybe each family will have a robot. Every day we can tell the robot what to do-shopping,housework and so on. believe the dream will come true some day.
目前,水利工程产业正在大力发展。在国内,对水利工程的建立在技术上仍有欠缺,高素质的人才也依旧匮乏。但在很大程度上,设计者们已经开始重视生态问题,将生态学与水文学有效结合起来,成为了设计者解决问题的突破口。在国内,我们在充分掌握自然规律、自然界的运行准则的前提下,应借鉴西方国家的先进技术和经验,立足国情自主创新,注重人才的培养,使专业化和先进的技术融入施工作业中;应为水利水电工程的发展储备大量可用人才,在生态平衡的前提下,发展水利水电工程,走科学化、可持续化的发展道路,从而保证水利工程建设与生态环境协调发展,推动中国水利事业的快速发展,更好地造福人类。
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
What our life will be like in the future?When I was a little boy,I always asked myself this question.At that time,I had no idea what Internet was.But now,we use it every day.We can't live without it.Internet is become so popular and so convenient.
Just forget it.What our life will be like in the future?For example,in ten years.I think that in ten years our life will be much more colorful,our computer will be much powerful,and we can do almost everything on the internet including seeing a doctor.What about your future life ?Will you share with me?
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