1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
雨,或瓢泼,或倾盆,或朦朦,或迷离。记得印象中的第一场雨,是大地的洗礼,音符的跳跃,一切都在畅快淋漓的欢笑……
在入学的时光里,我曾怀着无限的憧憬。面对第一张奖状后的一场雨,我欢笑,蹦跳,都不足以表达喜悦。在我的视野里,雨点儿调皮的扑向人间,乘着绿油油的滑滑梯,溜到小溪里,这条透明的丝带延伸向远方,载着我对下一次冲刺的希望……连那花儿的笑声也被灵敏的双耳听见,禁不住侧耳倾听花瓣上滚落雨滴的清脆之音,啊……多么美妙的一场雨……
在一番挫折和沉溺游戏,我尝到了学习的苦头,学习之路是不可能顺心顺意的。我懊丧的拿着成绩单。不知为什么,那一个个公式,一道道题目,竟懵懂地争相闯入视野——我学习了……
在题海劈波斩浪的我,不经意望见模模糊糊的玻璃窗,在这个静谧的甚至空气都蔓延着死的气息的夜晚,下起了雨。于是它们无聊的拍打着窗户,不,我不能多花一秒精力去看雨,便毅然扭过头开始做作业。
事实证明了——心比天高,命比纸薄。光空想无用,没有实际行动是不行的。我忽然意识到自己自我控制能力的低弱,一时间又泄气下来。
就这样懵懵懂懂的度过了几个年头。
无数的沉闷和疑惑累积成越来越明显的动力。耳边响起逐渐清晰的雨声,坚毅的,打到我眼前的小草上,可小草依然挺立着身子,顽强地向风雨发出挑战。刹那间,我明白了什么,又失去了什么——多么珍贵的光阴!
课堂笔记,预习内容,认真听讲……我一样不放过,在奶奶用粗糙的手抚摸着我的头时,我明白了什么是责任,我不能辜负她的期望!我愈来愈发觉,自己对待学习有巨大的冲劲,对待生活却是一股莫名的…,开始让灰尘与想象类的书本做伴。可能是懂得了,这个世界不需要童话的虚幻。
独立了,冷漠了,长大了,懂事了。
在心潮最平静时,雨再次不经意闯进视野,把天空泼染得扑朔迷离,它们好像天空的眼泪,永远无止息的流着。随之,这幅画面尘印在脑中,触景生情。我心在战栗,含泪聆听,聆听我生命深处,始终不曾变异的,对爱和美的等待和追求。
如梦方醒,黯然低下头问自己:这纷纷扬扬的雨,是否和第一次细雨飘至,一样美丽?
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成"总—分—总"结构
不停地下,水不断往上涨,潮漫湿了我枯***心灵……
淅沥淅沥的声音在耳边萦绕,来到窗边,用温热的手指划去窗上的雾气,看见了窗子外无数晶莹的雨滴组成的无边的雨帘。从盘古开天地,雨就降临到了这个世界。雨,不正是李煜“剪不断理还乱”的思绪吗?雨,陪李白酒入豪肠将七分酿成月光,三分啸成剑气,绣口一吐出半个唐朝;雨,拌骆宾王“楼观沧海日,门对浙江潮。”雨,随李清照拌舟湖畔“惊起一滩鸥鹭”。雨,也是有生命的,也是会寻找知己的吧。但又有多少人了解雨,理解雨呢?
好喜欢夜雨,当夜晚来临,各种颜色都褪去,一切色彩斑斓的词汇都失去了效能,万物都失去了生计,只有雨在黑暗中默默地润物无声。夜雨是行旅的大敌,不是急流险滩,不是崇山峻岭,而是夜雨,使无数旅行者顿生反悟,半途而归。我不知道玄奘。郑和。鉴真是怎样挺过去的,我只知道他们最强的意志,是冲出了夜雨的包围的。
我相信,一次又一次,夜雨曾浇熄过突起的野心夜雨曾平抚过狂躁的胸襟,夜雨曾组织过一触即发的争斗,夜雨曾破灭过凶险的阴谋。
不知道多少个乌云密布的雨夜,悄悄地改变了世界历史的步伐。将军舒眉了,谋士自悔了,君王息怒了,英豪冷静了,战鼓停息了,骏马回槽了,刀刃如鞘了,奏章中断了,命令收回了,酒气消退了,狂欢消解了,呼吸均匀了,心率平缓了……
在夜雨中与家人围炉闲谈,几乎都不会拌嘴;在夜雨中攻读课本,身心会超常地熨帖;在夜雨中思念友人,会马上寻笔写信;在夜雨中挑灯作文,文字也会变得滋润。
好想一头冲进夜雨中,眼睛里什么也看不见,耳朵里只听到时疏是急的雨声。我要让雨滴肆无忌惮地打在我身上,让雨顺着我的脸颊流遍我的全身,洗掉我的龌龊与虚假,只剩下冰清玉洁的思想如雨后春笋般拔节飞长,让灵魂脱离那副蛋白质的臭皮囊,让思绪不断飞跃。旋转,到达那最遥远的地方。
窗上新的雾气又上来了,我还是用手指去划,划着划着,终于划出了我思念的名字……
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