—— 题记
我百无聊赖的翻着书页。忽的,一抹耀眼的金黄顺着书页滑到脚边。拾起,关于它的记忆呼啸而来。 去年,也是一个秋天。在一片林子里,那里的落叶已经很多了,把整个地面铺成一条厚厚的金色地毯。我光着脚轻轻踩在上面,想要寻找记忆中最原始的快乐。我张开双臂迎接身边纷飞飘扬的蝶,不停的旋转,旋转。倏地,一片金叶同我似得旋转着落在我手中。回到家,我把它夹在书中。一晃,一年过去了,又到了秋天,我再次翻书把它找了出来。
呵,这片精灵的'叶子,使我的心情好了许多。现在,我带着它又走进了那片林子。
林子,依旧是那么美,落叶,依旧是那么绚烂。忽然间,一阵风吹来,落叶便随风飘落,样子还是那么活泼,静止的生命似乎又灵动起来,好美妙。
于是,我又轻轻接住一片落叶,让它轻轻躺在手心,感受着它最后的温存。
“落红不是无情物,化作春泥更护花”。这一刻,我明白了,落叶的凋零并不是生命的结束,而是新生命的延续和升华。
我仔细的观察两片不同的落叶,同时,也感到了它们的脉络在无限延伸……
1。hereby
该词意为by means of , by reason of this, by this agreement,“特此”,“因此”,“兹”,“在此”。此词常用作法律、经贸文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语,在合同条款中需特别强调时也可用,表示当事人借此合约,要宣示某种具有法律效力的“意思表示”,如保证、同意、放弃权利等,一般放于主语后,紧邻主语。如:The Company hereby covenants and warrants that…… 意为:By this agreement the Company covenants and warrants that……即:公司在此保证……再如:Both parties hereby agree that……意为:By this agreement both parties agree that……即:双方当事人在此同意……
2。hereof
该词意为:of this agreement,“关于此点”;“在本文件中”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:to take effect on the date hereof 意为:to take effect on the date of this agreement 即:于本合约之日期生效。再如:the headings of the sections hereof 意为:the headings of the sections of this agreement 即:本合约各条款之标题。
3。hereto
该词意为:to this agreement,“至此”,“在此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的`名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:both parties hereto 意为both parties to this agreement,即本合约之当事人双方;items specified in Attachment I and hereto 意为:items specified in Attachment I to this agreement 即:本合约之附件I所列之各项。
4。herein
该词意为:in this agreement,“此中”,“于此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等,一般置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词。如:to file a suit in the court agreed to herein 意为:to file a suit in the court agreed to in this agreement 即:向当事人于本合约中同意管辖的法院提起诉讼;再如:to follow the terms and conditions herein 意为:to follow the terms and conditions in this agreement,即:遵守本合约所规定的条件。
5。hereinafter
该词意为:later in the same Contract,“以下”,“在下文”,一般与to be referred to as, referred to as, called 等词组连用,以避免重复。
6。hereunder
该词意为:under this agreement,“在本合约内”、“依据本合约”。如:obligations hereunder,意为obligations under this agreement,即“本合约内的义务”。再如:rights granted hereunder,意为rights granted under this agreement,即“依本合约所赋予的权利”。
Welcome to visit wonderful Hong Kong. Hong Kong has a lot of buildings and botanical gardern.Hong Kong somewhere near the sea. You can do lots of outdoor activities. It supposed to be very hot. You can swimming, you can go camping. We can provide you with a tent.
Traveling around Hong Kong by subway can cost a lot of money, but it’s usually convenient to by bus to most places.
It has a big shopping center. You can buy lots of things. It’s fantastic! Let’s go.
Welcome to Hong kong! I am your guide in Hong kong and my name is Wang ping. As we know, Hongkong was once a British colony and on July 1,1997,it smoothly came back to China.
Hongkong is in the south of China, and her neighbor is Shenzhen. She is made up of 236 large and small islands. We can visit many resorts here, such as Disneyland, the Ocean Park and the Wong Tai Sin Temple and so on. You are sure to have a good time.
1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
July 1 is the 15th anniversary of HKSAR's return to motherland. Many celebrations were held to mark this special day, such as demonstrations, matches, lion performances and so on. President Hu visited to Hong Kong on June 29 and then attended various celebrating actiivities in Hong Kong. He visited to the general public and cared about their lives.
The Hong Kong citizens said that after return to motherland, they began to realize the concept of "Motherland" and great changes have had in Hong Kong. Besides, this special day also attracted many people from mainland to visited to Hong Kong. They said that they wanted see the changes happened in Hong Kong.
1。thereof
以”there”为前缀加上介词构成的词,如thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith等,在文中具体指什么,需要读者依照合同的上下文来判断,因而理解起来比较复杂,请看下例:
This Agreement is written in the English language。 In case of any discrepancy between the English version and any translation thereof, the English text shall govern。 句中”the English version and any translation thereof”从上下文判断意为 “the English version and any translation of the English version”,即thereof一词代替of the English version。与以here开头的词如hereof的理解方法类似。
2。therein
该词意为in that, in that particular
context, in that respect,“在那里”,“在那点上”,“在那方面”,表示上文已提及的“合同中的”“工程中的”。如:the contract or any part thereof意为the contract or any part of the contract,合同或合同的任何部分。
3。thereto
该词意为:to that,“随附”,“附之”,如:“Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto。 句中or developments with respect thereto 意为:or developments with respect to the developments。
4。thereunder
该词意为:under that, “在其下”,“依照”,如:The Borrower fails to pay any amount payable thereunder as and when such amount shall become payable。 句中any amount payable thereunder意为any amount payable under the contract。
Welcome to visit wonderful Hong Kong. Hong Kong has a lot of buildings and botanical gardern.Hong Kong somewhere near the sea. You can do lots of outdoor activities. It supposed to be very hot. You can swimming, you can go camping. We can provide you with a tent.
Traveling around Hong Kong by subway can cost a lot of money, but it’s usually convenient to by bus to most places.
It has a big shopping center. You can buy lots of things. It’s fantastic! Let’s go.
Welcome to Hong kong! I am your guide in Hong kong and my name is Wang ping. As we know, Hongkong was once a British colony and on July 1,1997,it smoothly came back to China.
Hongkong is in the south of China, and her neighbor is Shenzhen. She is made up of 236 large and small islands. We can visit many resorts here, such as Disneyland, the Ocean Park and the Wong Tai Sin Temple and so on. You are sure to have a good time.
进了大门,走过“前奏区”,就来到了度假区。这是一条很长的路,路旁有着一排豪华的别墅,黄色的墙上有着一颗颗金光闪闪的钻石,还有一个个绿色的窗户和宽阔的阳台。别墅的下面是迪士尼专卖店,透过玻璃,我们可以看到里面摆着各种各样的迪士尼商品,有米妮老鼠的裙子、帽子、手表,有米奇老鼠套装杯,还有米老鼠糖……商店的前面有很多很多奇怪的路灯。每隔3米的地方,都有很多南瓜灯,每个南瓜灯都有各种不同的表情,有的很开心,笑嘻嘻的,有的一副惊讶的表情,还有的张大嘴的……
走过度假区,来到了公主城堡脚下。这是一间漂亮的`城堡,分成三座,中间那座是最漂亮,最大的,其它两座都是小的。城堡的屋顶是三角形的,插着一面小红旗,城堡的窗户上贴着各种美丽的图案。城门上的开关器是白雪公主的。走进城堡,看见红地毯铺在地上,沙发上有一颗颗钻石,楼梯的扶手上有很多蓝宝石。啊!多么豪华的一间城堡!
走出城堡,就是旋转木马,那旋转木马有两层,顶上的灯一闪一闪的,转起来两层是相反的,第一层向左转,第二层向右转。旋转木马的颜色很多,有红的、紫的、黄的、白的……五颜六色,好看极了。旋转木马里不仅有马,还有南瓜车。南瓜车可以坐4个人,两边都有一个心形的洞,前面还有两个圆形的眼睛,美丽极了!旋转木马中间有一根柱子,柱子上有五颜六色的灯和马。从远处看,就像是一间马房。
迪士尼到处有美丽的景色,说也说不尽,希望你有机会去细细游赏。
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